Mary Jo Kopechne

Mary Jo Kopechne
1962 college yearbook portrait of Kopechne
Born (1940-07-26)July 26, 1940
Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania, U.S.
Died July 18, 1969(1969-07-18) (aged 28)
Edgartown, Massachusetts, U.S.
Cause of death Drowning (legal ruling)[1]
Suffocation (Fire Rescue diver)[2]
Nationality American
Alma mater Caldwell College
Occupation teacher, secretary, political campaign specialist
Known for Chappaquiddick incident
Political party Democratic Party
Parent(s) Joseph and Gwen Kopechne

Mary Jo Kopechne (/koʊˈpɛkni/; July 26, 1940 – July 18, 1969) was an American teacher, secretary, and political campaign specialist who died in a car accident at Chappaquiddick Island on July 18, 1969, while she was a passenger in a car being driven by U.S. Senator Ted Kennedy.

Early life and education

Kopechne was born in Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania,[3] although she is sometimes described as being from nearby Forty Fort, Pennsylvania.[4][5] She was an only child.[4] Her father, Joseph Kopechne, was an insurance salesman, and her mother, Gwen (née Jennings), was a homemaker.[3][6] Kopechne was of part Polish heritage.[7] Two of her grandparents were coal miners from Luzerne County, Pennsylvania, and her family history in the Wyoming Valley area of northeastern Pennsylvania goes back 250 years.[5]

When Kopechne was an infant, the family moved to Berkeley Heights, New Jersey.[3][8] Growing up, she attended parochial schools.[9] She graduated with a degree in business administration from Caldwell College for Women in 1962.[3][10]

Career

After graduation, Kopechne moved to Montgomery, Alabama, for a year at the Mission of St. Jude,[3] an activity that was part of the Civil Rights Movement.[11] She also taught at Montgomery Catholic High School.[12]

By 1963, Kopechne relocated to Washington, D.C., to work as secretary for Florida Senator George Smathers.[3] She joined New York Senator Robert F. Kennedy's secretarial staff following his election in November 1964.[3] For that office she worked as a secretary to the senator's speechwriters and as a legal secretary to one of his legal advisers.[3] Kopechne was a loyal worker. Once, during March 1967, she stayed up all night at Kennedy's Hickory Hill home to type a major speech against the Vietnam War, while the senator and his aides such as Ted Sorensen made last-minute changes to it.[9][13][14] She was also an enthusiastic participant on the Kennedy office softball team, playing catcher.[15]

During the 1968 U.S. presidential election, Kopechne helped with the wording of Kennedy's March speech that announced his presidential candidacy.[9] During his campaign, she worked as one of the Boiler Room Girls; this was an affectionate nickname given to six young women whose office area was in a hot, loud, windowless location in Kennedy's Washington campaign headquarters.[7][9][13][16] They were vital in tracking and compiling data and intelligence on how Democratic delegates from various states were intending to vote; Kopechne's responsibilities included Pennsylvania.[13][16] Kopechne and the other staffers were knowledgeable politically,[16] and were chosen for their ability to work skillfully for long, hectic hours on sensitive matters.[7] They talked daily with field managers and also helped distribute policy statements to strategic newspapers.[16] She has been described as hero-worshiping the senator.[15]

Kopechne was devastated emotionally by the assassination of Robert F. Kennedy on June 5, 1968.[17] After working briefly for the Kennedy proxy campaign of George McGovern, she stated she could not return to work on Capitol Hill, saying "I just feel Bobby's presence everywhere. I can't go back because it will never be the same again."[7][13] But as her father later said, "Politics was her life,"[13] and in September 1968 she was hired by Matt Reese Associates,[18] a Washington, D.C., firm that helped establish campaign headquarters and field offices for politicians and was one of the first political consulting companies.[11][19] In the fall elections of 1968, Kopechne did work on the eventually losing re-election campaign of Senator Joseph S. Clark Jr. in Pennsylvania[17] and was assigned to recruit volunteers in Colorado for former Governor Stephen McNichols's run for the Senate against the incumbent Senator Peter H. Dominick.[18] McNichols lost his run, and Kopechne went back to Washington, D.C. By mid-1969 she had completed work for the eventually successful mayoral campaign of Thomas J. Whelan in Jersey City, New Jersey.[17] She was on her way to a successful professional career;[20] one of the political professionals who worked with her in Jersey City characterized her as "an exceptionally hard-working and skillful professional who knew her craft."[17]

Kopechne lived with three other women in the Washington neighborhood of Georgetown.[3] She was a fan of the Boston Red Sox and of fellow Polish-American Carl Yastrzemski.[7] She was a devout Roman Catholic with a demure, serious, "convent school" demeanor and rarely drank much.[7][19][20]

Death

On July 18, 1969, Kopechne attended a party on Chappaquiddick Island, off the east coast of Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts. The celebration was in honor of the dedicated work of the Boiler Room Girls and was the fourth such reunion of the Robert F. Kennedy campaign workers.[21] Robert's brother Ted Kennedy was there; Kopechne did not know him well.[15] Kopechne reportedly left the party with Kennedy at 11:15 p.m.; according to his account, he had offered to drive her to catch the last ferry back to Edgartown, where she was staying.[13] She did not tell her close friends at the party that she was leaving, and she left her purse and keys behind.[13] Kennedy drove the 1967 Oldsmobile Delmont 88[22] off a narrow, unlit bridge, which lacked guardrails and was not on the route to Edgartown.[13] The Oldsmobile landed on its roof in Poucha Pond. Kennedy extricated himself from the vehicle and survived, but Kopechne did not.[13] She died in the submerged vehicle, eight days shy of her 29th birthday.[13]

Kennedy failed to report the incident to the authorities until the car and Kopechne's body were discovered the next morning.[13] Kopechne's parents said that they learned of their daughter's death from Kennedy,[3] before he informed authorities of his involvement.[10] They learned Kennedy had been the driver from wire press releases some time later.[10]

A private funeral for Kopechne was held at St. Vincent's Roman Catholic Church in Plymouth, Pennsylvania, on July 22, 1969.[23][24] The service was attended by Kennedy, his wife Joan, his sister-in-law Ethel, and hundreds of onlookers.[23] Kopechne was buried in St. Vincent's Cemetery in Larksville, Pennsylvania,[1] in the parish cemetery on the side of Larksville Mountain.[5] She was among the fifth generation of her family interred in that cemetery.[5]

Aftermath

A week after the incident, Kennedy pleaded guilty to leaving the scene of an accident after causing injury. He received a two-month suspended sentence.[13] On a national television broadcast that night, Kennedy said that he had not been driving "under the influence of liquor" nor had he ever had a "private relationship" with Kopechne.[25] Massachusetts officials pressed for weeks to have Kopechne's body exhumed for an autopsy,[26] but in December 1969 a Pennsylvania judge sided with the parents' request not to disturb her burial site.[1]

The Chappaquiddick incident and Kopechne's death became the topic of at least 15 books, as well as a fictionalized treatment by Joyce Carol Oates.[27] Even among otherwise sympathetic, mainstream biographers, serious questions remained about Kennedy's timeline of events that night, specifically his actions following the incident.[28][27] The quality of the investigation has been scrutinized, particularly whether official deference was given to a powerful and influential politician and his family.[28] The events surrounding Kopechne's death damaged Kennedy's reputation and are regarded as a major reason why he was never able to mount a successful campaign for President of the United States.[29] Nonetheless Kennedy overcame this and some lesser personal scandals to have a very long career as a Senator with a lengthy list of major legislative accomplishments.[27] Kennedy expressed remorse over his role in Kopechne's death in his posthumously-published memoir, True Compass.[30]

But the disparity of the outcomes remained; Kennedy biographer Peter Canellos has written of the aftermath, "Every day that he lived was one that Kopechne – a talented woman with political interests of her own – would not. It seemed cosmically unfair that he should have a second act when she couldn't even complete her first."[27]

Kopechne's parents received a $141,000 settlement from Kennedy's insurance company.[4] They subsequently moved to Swiftwater, Pennsylvania.[4] On the 25th anniversary of the accident in 1994 they said that Kennedy had never apologized directly to them over his role in it, but that other members of the Kennedy family had written letters to them.[4] Their only child gone, they never felt that justice had really been done in the case.[5]

Kopechne's father died in a nursing home in East Stroudsburg, Pennsylvania in 2003.[4] Her mother died in a nursing home in Plains Township, Luzerne County, Pennsylvania in 2007.[4]

In 2015, two cousins of Kopechne's in Pennsylvania self-published the book Our Mary Jo, which sought to emphasize the impact of her life rather than discuss Kennedy or Chappaquiddick.[5] It also includes some of the hundreds of condolence letters that Kopechne's parents received.[31] Because Kopechne had been a great believer in education as well as her Catholic faith, the family members started a scholarship fund in Kopechne's name at nearby Misericordia University.[5][31]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 3 "Judge Rules Mary Jo Will Not Be Exhumed For Autopsy". Lodi News-Sentinel. United Press International. December 11, 1969. p. 1.
  2. ↑ Diver John Farrar, Inquest into the Death of Mary Jo Kopechne, Commonwealth of Massachusetts, Edgartown District Court. New York: EVR Productions, 1970
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 McFadden, Robert D. (July 20, 1969). "Victim Drawn to Politics" (PDF). The New York Times.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 King, Larry (August 27, 2009). "Pa. woman at center of Kennedy's Chappaquiddick scandal". The Philadelphia Inquirer.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Kalinowski, Bob (April 5, 2015). "Family hopes book brings Mary Jo Kopechne home". Standard-Speaker. Hazleton, Pennsylvania.
  6. ↑ Olsen, Jack (1980). The Bridge at Chappaquiddick (revised ed.). Ace Books. p. 178.
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Canellos, Peter (2009). Last Lion: The Fall and Rise of Ted Kennedy. Simon & Schuster. pp. 148–150. ISBN 1-4391-3817-6.
  8. ↑ Santiago, Katherine (August 26, 2009). "U.S. Sen. Edward Kennedy's career connected to N.J." The Star-Ledger.
  9. 1 2 3 4 Oppenheimer, Jerry (1995). The Other Mrs. Kennedy (4th ed.). Macmillan Books. p. 504. ISBN 0-312-95600-2.
  10. 1 2 3 Damore, Leo (1988). Senatorial Privilege: The Chappaquiddick Cover-Up. Washington: Regnery Gateway. pp. 58–59. ISBN 0-89526-564-8.
  11. 1 2 Kappel, Kenneth R. (1989). Chappaquiddick Revealed: What Really Happened. New York: Shapolsky Publishers. p. 16. ISBN 0-944007-64-3.
  12. ↑ "Sen. Kennedy Attends Rites for Secretary". The Montgomery Advertiser. July 23, 1969. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
  13. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Russell, Jenna (February 17, 2009). "Chapter 3: Chappaquiddick: Conflicted ambitions, then, Chappaquiddick". The Boston Globe. Archived from the original on February 19, 2009.
  14. ↑ Kappel, Chappaquiddick Revealed, p. 189.
  15. 1 2 3 Burns, James MacGregor (1976). Edward Kennedy and the Camelot Legacy. New York: W. W. Norton & Company. p. 164. ISBN 0-393-07501-X.
  16. 1 2 3 4 Damore, Senatorial Privilege, pp. 118–119.
  17. 1 2 3 4 "Accident Victim A 'Political Activist'". Courier-Post. Camden, New Jersey. United Press International. July 22, 1969. p. 5 – via Newspapers.com.
  18. 1 2 Glaser, Vera; Stephenson, Malvina (July 27, 1969). "Kennedy Mystique Pushes Mary Jo Into Background". Tallahassee Democrat. p. 9A – via Newspapers.com.
  19. 1 2 Clymer, Adam (1999). Edward M. Kennedy: A Biography. New York: Wm. Morrow & Company. pp. 144–145. ISBN 0-688-14285-0.
  20. 1 2 Leamer, Laurence (2004). Sons of Camelot: The Fate of an American Dynasty. Wm. Morrow & Company. pp. 124–125. ISBN 0-06-620965-X.
  21. ↑ Damore, Senatorial Privilege, p. 154.
  22. ↑ Dangremond, Sam (April 5, 2018). "What Really Happened During Ted Kennedy's Chappaquiddick Incident". Town & Country.
  23. 1 2 "Kennedy Attends Kopechne Funeral". The Fort Scott Tribune. Associated Press. July 22, 1969. p. 1.
  24. ↑ Clymer, Edward M. Kennedy: A Biography, p. 150.
  25. ↑ Fenton, John H. (October 31, 1969). "Kennedy Granted a Closed Inquest in Kopechne Case" (PDF). The New York Times.
  26. ↑ "What Did the Autopsy of Mary Jo Kopechne Reveal?". Medscape. Retrieved 2018-05-23.
  27. 1 2 3 4 Canellos, Peter (April 1, 2018). "'Chappaquiddick': The Trial of Ted Kennedy". Politico.
  28. 1 2 Clymer, Edward M. Kennedy: A Biography, pp. 152–154.
  29. ↑ Barone, Michael; Cohen, Richard E. (2008). The Almanac of American Politics. Washington: National Journal Group. p. 792. ISBN 978-0-89234-116-0.
  30. ↑ "Kennedy memoir reveals remorse over Chappaquiddick". The Detroit News. Associated Press. September 9, 2009.
  31. 1 2 "In Focus: Mary Jo Kopechne before and beyond Chappaquiddick". Times Leader. Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania. March 25, 2015.
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