List of Nobel laureates affiliated with the University of California, Berkeley

This list of Nobel laureates affiliated with the University of California, Berkeley comprehensively shows the faculty members and researchers as well as graduates and other students of the University of California, Berkeley, who were awarded the Nobel Prize and the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences. The Nobel Prizes, established by the 1895 will of Alfred Nobel, are awarded to individuals who make outstanding contributions in the fields of Chemistry, Literature, Peace, Physics, and Physiology or Medicine.[1] An associated prize, the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel (commonly known as the Nobel Prize in Economics), was instituted by Sweden's central bank, Sveriges Riksbank, in 1968 and first awarded in 1969.[2]

As of October 2018, 107 Nobel laureates have been affiliated with UC Berkeley, and 48 of them are officially listed as "Berkeley's Nobel Laureates" by UC Berkeley for being graduates (obtained degrees), current faculty members, or deceased faculty who retired at Berkeley.[3][4] Among the laureates, 33 are Berkeley alumni (graduates and attendees), and 38 have been long-term academic members of the Berkeley faculty or Berkeley-affiliated research organizations. Subject-wise, 33 laureates have won the Nobel Prize in Physics, more than any other subject. In addition, Linus Pauling is the only UC Berkeley-affiliated Nobel laureate (Visiting Lecturer in Physics and Chemistry, 1929–1934)[5] to win two Nobel prizes: he won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1954 and the Nobel Peace Prize in 1962;[6] since this is a list of laureates, not prizes, he is counted only once.

The university affiliations in this list are all official academic affiliations such as degree programs and official academic employment. Non-academic affiliations such as advisory committee and administrative staff are generally excluded. The official academic affiliations fall into three categories: 1) Alumni (graduate & attendee), 2) Long-term Academic Staff, and 3) Short-term Academic Staff. Graduates are defined as those who hold Bachelor's, Master's, Doctorate, or equivalent degrees from Berkeley, while attendees are those who formally enrolled in a degree program at Berkeley but did not complete the program; thus, honorary degrees, posthumous degrees, summer attendees, exchange students, and auditing students are excluded. The category of "Long-term Academic Staff" consists of tenure/tenure-track and equivalent academic positions, while that of "Short-term Academic Staff" consists of lecturers (without tenure), postdoctoral researchers (postdocs), visiting professors/scholars (visitors), and equivalent academic positions. At Berkeley, the specific academic title solely determines the type of affiliation, regardless of the actual time the position was held by a laureate.

Further explanations on "visitors" under "Short-term Academic Staff" are presented as follows. 1) All informal/personal visits are excluded from the list; 2) all employment-based visiting positions, which carry teaching/research duties, are included as affiliations in the list; 3) as for award/honor-based visiting positions, this list takes a conservative view and includes the positions as affiliations only if the laureates were required to assume employment-level duty (teaching/research) or the laureates specifically classified the visiting positions as "affiliation" or similar in reliable sources such as their curriculum vita. To be specific, some award/honor-based visiting positions such as the "Charles M. and Martha Hitchcock Lectureship" at UC Berkeley are awards/honors/recognition without employment-level duty.[7] For instance, Alexander R. Todd (Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1957), being Hitchcock Lecturer in 1957, is thus excluded from the list.[8][9] In particular, attending meetings and giving public lectures, talks or non-curricular seminars at UC Berkeley is not a form of employment-level duty. Finally, summer visitors are generally excluded from the list unless summer work yielded significant end products such as research publications and components of Nobel-winning work, since summer terms are not part of formal academic years; the same rule applies to UC Berkeley Extension. For instance, George Wald (Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1967), being a Visiting Professor of Biochemistry in summer 1956,[10] and James Heckman (Nobel Prize in Economics 2000), being a visitor in summer 1974,[11] are thus both excluded from this list.

Affiliates of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) before 1971 are included in the following list. The Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory was established by Ernest Lawrence in 1931. It was called the "University of California Radiation Laboratory" in the beginning, and shortly after Ernest Lawrence passed away in 1958, the lab was renamed as the "Ernest O. Lawrence Radiation Laboratory".[12] In 1952, Lawrence Radiation Lab established a branch in Livermore, California. The entire Lawrence Radiation Lab was widely regarded as a part of the University of California, Berkeley.[12][13][14][15][16][17][18] In 1971, the Livermore branch became its own separate laboratory and was renamed "Lawrence Livermore Laboratory".[14] At the same time, the original site in Berkeley was renamed "Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory".[13] Both laboratories were regarded as a part of the University of California.[13][14] Finally, the Lawrence Livermore Lab becomes a national laboratory of the U.S Department of Energy (DOE) in 1981 and was renamed "Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory",[19] and in 1995 the Lawrence Berkeley Lab became a national laboratory of DOE and was renamed "Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory".[20]

Affiliates of Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) from 1947 to 1952 are included in the following list. Even though the laboratory (as Project Y) was officially managed by University of California, Berkeley after its establishment in 1943, the initial appointments in the lab were for military purposes only and were not academic appointments.[21][22][23][24] After the Manhattan Project the lab was renamed "Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory" in January 1, 1947,[25] and in 1952 the lab became officially managed by the University of California when the latter was separated from UC Berkeley.[26][27][28] In 1981, the lab was renamed "Los Alamos National Laboratory" as a national lab of U.S. Department of Energy.[23]

UC Berkeley Nobel laureates

Nobel laureates in Physics

Name Year Affiliation with UC Berkeley
Luis Walter Alvarez1968Professor of Physics (1936–1988)[29]
Barry Barish2017BA (1957), PhD (1962); Research Fellow (1962–1963)[30][31]
Felix Bloch1952Cyclotron researcher (1938–1939)[32][33]
Nicolaas Bloembergen1981Visiting Professor (1964–1965)[34]
Owen Chamberlain1959Graduate attendee;[lower-alpha 1] Professor of Physics (1958–2006)[36]
Steven Chu1997PhD 1976, Postdoctoral Research Fellow (1976–1978),[37] Professor of Physics and Professor of Molecular and Cell Biology (2004–2009), and Director of the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (2004–2009)[38]
Arthur H. Compton1927Taught in the Summer Sessions of 1921 and 1922; Professor-at-Large, February 1962[39]
Leon N. Cooper 1972 Visiting Professor at Lawrence Radiation Laboratory (1969)[40]
James Cronin1980Researcher at the Berkeley Bevatron (First half of 1958)[41]
Pierre-Gilles de Gennes1991Postdoctoral researcher (1959)[42]
Donald A. Glaser1960Professor of Physics (1959–2013)[43]
Sheldon Lee Glashow1979Associate Professor of Physics (1962–1966)[44]
David Gross2004PhD (1966)[45]
J. Hans D. Jensen1963Visiting Professor (1952)[46][47]
Willis Lamb1955BS (1934), PhD (1938)[48]
Robert B. Laughlin1998BA (1972)[49]
Ernest Lawrence1939Professor of Physics (1930–1958); Radiation Lab director (1936–1958)[50]
Tsung-Dao Lee1957Research Associate and Instructor (1950–1951)[51]
John C. Mather2006PhD (1974)[52]
Ben Roy Mottelson1975Visiting Professor (Spring 1959)[53]
Saul Perlmutter2011PhD (1986); Professor of Physics at UC Berkeley, and astrophysicist at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory[54]
Frederick Reines 1995 Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory (LANL) Research Leader (1944–1959) [55][56]
Adam Riess2011Miller Fellow (1996–1999)[57]
Jack Steinberger1988Researcher (1949–1950)[58]
Julian Schwinger1965Research fellow (1939–1941)[59]
Emilio G. Segrè1959Radiation Lab (1938–1946); Professor of Physics (1946–1989)[60]
George Smoot2006Professor of Physics (since 1994)[61]
Otto Stern1943Visiting Professor (1930s)[62]
Richard E. Taylor 1990 Researcher at Lawrence Radiation Lab (1961–1962)[63]
David J. Thouless2016Postdoctoral researcher at Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory (1958–1959),[64] also worked in the Department of Physics[65]
Charles Hard Townes1964Professor of Physics (1967–2015)[66]
Steven Weinberg1979Researcher, Professor of Physics (1959–1966)[67]
David Wineland2012BA (1965)[68]

Nobel laureates in Chemistry

Name Year Affiliation with UC Berkeley
Frances Arnold2018PhD (1985); Postdoctoral Fellow (1986)[69][70]
Eric Betzig2014Professor of Physics (2017–)[71][72]
Melvin Calvin1961Professor of Chemistry (1947–1997)[73]
Thomas Cech1989PhD (1975)[74]
Robert Curl1996PhD (1957)[75]
Gerhard Ertl2007Visiting Professor (1981–1982)[76]
Joachim Frank2017Harkness Fellow (early 1970s)[77][78]
William Giauque1949BS 1920, PhD 1922; Professor of Chemistry (1922–1982)[79]
Alan J. Heeger2000PhD (1961); Research Associate in Physics (1961–1962)[80]
Richard Henderson2017Visiting Professor of Molecular and Cell biology at the Miller Institute (Spring 1993)[77]
Dudley R. Herschbach1986Professor of Chemistry (1959–1963)[81]
Jaroslav Heyrovský 1959 Carnegie Visiting Professor (1933)[82][83][84]
Yuan T. Lee1986PhD (1965); Professor of Chemistry (since 1974)[85]
Willard Libby1960BS (1931), PhD (1933); Lecturer (1933–1941)[86]
Edwin McMillan1951National Research Fellow (1932–1934), Staff at the Radiation Laboratory (1934–1935), Instructor (1935–1936), Assistant Professor (1936–1941), Associate Professor (1941–1946), and Professor of Chemistry (1946–1991)[87]
Paul L. Modrich2015Assistant Professor (1974–1976)[88]
Mario J. Molina1995PhD (1972)[89]
Kary Mullis1993PhD (1972)[90]
John Howard Northrop1946Professor of Bacteriology and later, Professor of Biophysics (1949–1987)[91]
Linus Pauling[lower-alpha 2]1954[6]Visiting Lecturer in Physics and Chemistry (1929–1934)[5]
Aziz Sancar2015Visiting Miller Professor (Spring 2002)[92]
Glenn T. Seaborg1951PhD (1937); Professor of Chemistry (1937–1999); Chancellor (1958–1961)[93]
Wendell Meredith Stanley1946Professor of Chemistry (1948–1971)[94]
Thomas A. Steitz2009Assistant Professor of Biochemistry (for two quarters during 1968–1970)[95]
Henry Taube1983PhD (1940); Instructor (1940–1941)[96]
Roger Y. Tsien2008Professor of Chemistry (1982–1989)[97]
Harold Urey1934PhD (1923)[98]
Geoffrey Wilkinson1973Radiation Lab (1946–1949)[99]
Kurt Wüthrich2002Postdoctoral researcher (1965–1967)[100]
Ahmed Zewail1999Researcher (1974–1976)[101]

Nobel laureates in Physiology or Medicine

Name Year Affiliation with UC Berkeley
James Allison2018Professor of Molecular and Cell Biology (1985–2004)[102]
Werner Arber1978Researcher (1963); Visiting Miller Research Professor, Department of Molecular Biology (1970–1971)[103]
Elizabeth Blackburn2009Professor of Molecular Biology (1978–1990)[95][104]
Sydney Brenner2002Postdoctoral researcher (1953)[105]
Allan M. Cormack 1970 Visiting Researcher at Lawrence Radiation Laboratory[17]
Joseph Erlanger1944BS (1895)[106]
Andrew Fire2006BA in Mathematics (1978)[107]
Carol W. Greider2009PhD (1987), Molecular Biology[95][108]
Arthur Kornberg1959Research investigator at Horace Barker's lab (1951)[109]
Thomas H. Morgan 1933 Visiting Researcher (June–September, 1921)[110][111][112]
Stanley B. Prusiner1997Assistant Professor of Virology in Residence (1979–1983), Associate Professor of Virology in Residence (1983–1984), and Professor of Virology in Residence (since 1984)[113]
Richard J. Roberts 1980 Visiting Miller Professor (Fall 1991)[92][114]
Randy W. Schekman2013Professor of Molecular and Cell Biology (since 1976)[115]
Hamilton O. Smith1978BS (1952)[116]
Selman Waksman1952PhD (1918)[117]
George H. Whipple 1934 Professor (1914–1921) and Dean of Medical School at Berkeley (1920–1921)[118][119]
Maurice Wilkins1962Worked on the Manhattan Project at UC Berkeley (1944–1945)[120]

Nobel Peace Prize laureates

Name Year Affiliation with UC Berkeley
Linus Pauling[lower-alpha 2]1962[6]Visiting Lecturer in Physics and Chemistry (1929–1934)[5]

Nobel laureates in Literature

Name Year Affiliation with UC Berkeley
Seamus Heaney1995Visiting Lecturer (1970–1971)[121]
Czesław Miłosz1980Professor of Slavic Languages and Literature (1961–2004)[122]
Octavio Paz 1990 Guggenheim Fellow (1943) for study of the poetic expression[123][124]

Nobel Memorial Prize laureates in Economics

Name Year Affiliation with UC Berkeley
Paul Romer 2018 Professor of Economics (1990-1996)[125]
George Akerlof2001Professor of Economics (1966–1978; since 1980)[126]
Robert Aumann2005Ford Visiting Research Professor of Economics (1971, 1985–1986)[127]
Gérard Debreu1983Professor of Economics (1962–2004)[128]
Peter Diamond2010Professor of Economics (1963–1966)[129]
John Harsanyi1994Professor at the Haas School of Business (1964–2000)[130]
Leonid Hurwicz2007Visiting Professor (1976–1977)[131]
Daniel Kahneman2002PhD (1961); Professor of Psychology (1986–1994)[132]
Lawrence Klein1980BA (1942)[133]
Robert Lucas Jr.1995Graduate student in history (1959–1960)[134]
Daniel McFadden2000Assistant Professor of Economics (1963–1966), Assistant Professor of Economics (1966–1968), Professor of Economics (1968–1979), Professor of Economics (since 1990), E. Morris Cox Chair (since 1990), Director at the Econometrics Laboratory (1991–1995, since 1996), and Chair at the Department of Economics (1995–1996)[135][136]
James Mirrlees1996Visiting Professor (1986)[137]
Douglass North1993BA (1942), PhD (1952)[138]
Bertil Ohlin 1977 Visiting Professor (1937)[139][140][141]
Christopher A. Pissarides2010Visiting Professor at the Haas School of Business (1990–1991)[142]
Thomas J. Sargent2011BA (1964)[143]
Thomas Schelling2005BA (1944)[144]
Reinhard Selten1994Visiting Professor at the Haas School of Business (1967–1968; frequent visitor)[145]
Amartya Sen1998Researcher (1964–1965)[146]
William F. Sharpe1990Undergraduate attendee (1951–1952)[147]
Herbert A. Simon1978Research Director (1939–1942)[148]
Christopher A. Sims2011Graduate student in economics (1963–1964)[143][149][150]
James Tobin1981Ford Visiting Research Professor of Economics (1982–1983)[126][151]
Oliver E. Williamson2009Professor at the Haas School of Business, Department of Economics, and School of Law (1963–1965; since 1988)[152]

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ Owen Chamberlain entered UC Berkeley for physics graduate school in 1941, but his studies were interrupted by World War II, and he was eventually awarded the physics PhD degree from the University of Chicago in 1949.[35]
  2. 1 2 This Nobel laureate received two Nobel Prizes. Counted only once because this is a list of laureates, not prizes.

References

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  140. ↑ Findlay, Ronald; Jonung, Lars; Lundahl, Mats (2002). Bertil Ohlin: A Centennial Celebration, 1899-1999. MIT Press. ISBN 9780262062282.
  141. ↑ Toporowski, J. (2013-07-29). Michał Kalecki: An Intellectual Biography: Volume I Rendezvous in Cambridge 1899-1939. Springer. ISBN 9781137315397.
  142. ↑ "CV (C.A. Pissarides)" (PDF). London School of Economics. Retrieved 9 May 2017.
  143. 1 2 Maclay, Kathleen (October 10, 2011). "Nobel Winners in Economics Share a UC Berkeley Past". UC Berkeley News Center.
  144. ↑ "Thomas C. Schelling - Biographical". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 27 April 2017.
  145. ↑ "Reinhard Selten - Biographical". www.nobelprize.org. Retrieved 2016-11-16.
  146. ↑ "Amartya Sen - Biographical". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 29 April 2017.
  147. ↑ "William F. Sharpe - Biographical". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 29 April 2017.
  148. ↑ "Herbert A. Simon - Biographical". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 29 April 2017.
  149. ↑ "CV (Christopher A. Sims)" (PDF). Princeton University. Retrieved 31 May 2017.
  150. ↑ "Christopher A. Sims - Biographical". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 31 May 2017.
  151. ↑ Vane, Howard R.; Mulhearn, Chris (2005). The Nobel Memorial Laureates in Economics: An Introduction to Their Careers and Main Published Works. Edward Elgar Publishing. p. 121.
  152. ↑ "Oliver E. Williamson - Biographical". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 30 April 2017.
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