Lead titanate

Lead titanate
Tetragonal unit cell of lead titanate
Names
Other names
Lead(II) titanate
Lead titanium oxide
Lead(II) titanium oxide
Identifiers
ECHA InfoCard 100.031.841
Properties
PbTiO3
Molar mass 303.09 g/mol
Appearance Yellow powder
Density 7.52 g/cm3
Insoluble
Hazards
Main hazards Toxic (T)
Dangerous for the environment (N)
May damage fertility or unborn child
R-phrases (outdated) R20/22, R33, R50/53, R61, R62[1]
S-phrases (outdated) S45, S53, S60, S61[1]
NFPA 704
Flammability code 0: Will not burn. E.g., waterHealth code 2: Intense or continued but not chronic exposure could cause temporary incapacitation or possible residual injury. E.g., chloroformReactivity code 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g., liquid nitrogenSpecial hazards (white): no codeNFPA 704 four-colored diamond
0
2
0
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
12000 mg/kg (rat)
Related compounds
Other anions
 Lead dioxide
Lead acetate
Other cations
 Caesium titanate
Iron(II) titanate
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references

Lead(II) titanate is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula PbTiO3. It is the lead salt of titanic acid. Lead(II) titanate is a yellow powder that is insoluble in water.

At high temperatures, lead titanate adopts a cubic perovskite structure. At 760 K,[2] the material undergoes a second order phase transition to a tetragonal perovskite structure which exhibits ferroelectricity. Lead titanate is one of the end members of the lead zirconate titanate (Pb[ZrxTi1-x]O3 0≤x≤1, PZT) system, which is technologically one of the most important ferroelectric and piezoelectric ceramics; PbTiO3 has a high ratio of k33 to kp with a high kt.

Lead titanate occurs in nature as mineral macedonite.[3][4]

Toxicity

Lead titanate is toxic, like other lead compounds. It irritates skin, mucous membranes and eyes. It may also cause harm to unborn babies and might have effects on fertility.[5]

Solubility in water

The solubility of hydrothermally-synthesized perovskite-phase PbTiO3 in water was experimentally determined at 25 and 80 °C to depend on pH and vary from 4.9x10−4 mol/kg at pH≈3, to 1.9x10−4 mol/kg at pH≈7.7, to "undetectable" (<3.2x10−7 mol/kg) in the range 10<pH<11. At still higher pH values, the solubility increased again. The solubility was apparently incongruent and was quantified as the analytical concentration of Pb.[6]

References

  1. 1 2 Alfa Aesar "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2011-07-07. Retrieved 2010-09-12.
  2. ↑ Noheda, Cereceda, Iglesias, Lifante, Gonzalo, Chen and Wang, Phys. Rev. B 51, 16388 (1995)
  3. ↑ Radusinović, Dušan and Markov, Cvetko "Macedonite - lead titanate: a new mineral", American Mineralogist 56, 387-394 (1971), http://www.minsocam.org/ammin/AM56/AM56_387.pdf
  4. ↑ Burke, E.A.J. and Kieft, C. "Second occurrence of makedonite, PbTiO3, Långban, Sweden", Lithos 4, 101-104 (1971)
  5. ↑ http://www.alfa.com/content/msds/USA/35671.pdf
  6. ↑ Jooho Moon, Melanie L. Carasso, Henrik G. Krarup, Jeffrey A. Kerchner, "Particle-shape control and formation mechanisms of hydrothermally derived lead titanate", Journal of Materials Research, Vol. 14, No.3, March 1999.
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