Kokshetau

Kokshetau
Kókshetaý
City

Seal
Kokshetau
Location in Kazakhstan
Coordinates: 53°17′N 69°23′E / 53.283°N 69.383°E / 53.283; 69.383Coordinates: 53°17′N 69°23′E / 53.283°N 69.383°E / 53.283; 69.383
Country Kazakhstan
Region Aqmola
Founded 1824
City status 1862
Government
 • Akim (mayor) Zharkyn Zhumagulov
Area
 • Total 400 km2 (200 sq mi)
Population (2013-07-01)[1]
 • Total 153,057
 • Density 380/km2 (990/sq mi)
Time zone UTC+6 (UTC +6)
Postal code 020000
Area code(s) +7 7162
Vehicle registration C, 03

Kokshetau (Kazakh: Көкшетау, translit. Kókshetaý), formerly known as Kokchetav (Russian: Кокчетав, until 1993) is the administrative center of Aqmola Region, northern Kazakhstan. Population: 135,106 (2009 Census results);[2] 123,389 (1999 Census results).[2]

Geography

Kokshetau is some 300 kilometres (190 mi) north-west of the national capital of Astana. The Kokshetau area is known for its two national parks, Burabay and Kokshetau. The city of Kokshetau is located on the shores of Lake Kopa.

History

Kokshetau was founded in 1824 by Russian military as an outpost. The name of the city is of Kazakh origin literally meaning "a smoky-blue mountain". In 1868 it became a district center of Omskaya gubernia in the Russian Empire. In 1944 Kokchetav became the administrative center of the newly created Kokchetavskaya Oblast. In 1997 Kokshetau Oblast region was liquidated. In 1999 due to an administrative changes in the structure of Aqmola and North Kazakhstan regions Kokshetau became the center of Aqmola Oblast.

In late 1930s as a result of the Polish operation of the NKVD - USSR citizens of Polish nationality, related national operations, also against Kazakh SSR Germans, since 1939 many residents of the Poland's kresy wschodnie were forcibly settled in this region, and Kokchetav became the center of the Polish community in Kazakhstan.[3]

Climate

Kokshetau lies in the extreme continental climate zone (Köppen climate classification Dfb) with long, cold winters and hot summers. The average temperature in January is −15.3 °C (4.5 °F). In July the temperature averages 20.2 °C (68.4 °F). Yearly precipitation amounts to 313 mm (12.3 in).

Climate data for Kokshetau
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Daily mean °C (°F) −15.3
(4.5)		 −15.1
(4.8)		 −7.4
(18.7)		 4.0
(39.2)		 12.2
(54)		 18.4
(65.1)		 20.2
(68.4)		 16.8
(62.2)		 11.3
(52.3)		 2.5
(36.5)		 −6.1
(21)		 −11.8
(10.8)		 2.5
(36.5)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 12.8
(0.504)		 11.3
(0.445)		 10.5
(0.413)		 17.9
(0.705)		 32.7
(1.287)		 40.2
(1.583)		 68.5
(2.697)		 43.6
(1.717)		 24.8
(0.976)		 22.8
(0.898)		 15.7
(0.618)		 11.7
(0.461)		 312.5
(12.304)
Average rainy days 3.7 3.4 3.0 4.2 6.5 6.5 8.5 7.3 5.5 6.2 4.3 3.3 62.4
Mean monthly sunshine hours 89.0 127.0 196.0 227.0 277.0 306.0 313.0 250.0 190.0 118.0 88.0 75.0 2,256
Source: NOAA (1961-1990)[4]

Industry

After the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991 most plants and factories in the city stopped their production for ever. At that moment the city had a number of grain mills and some dairy production. A gold mine operates north of the city.

Transport

Kokshetau has a renovated international airport. As of June 2016 it welcomed only domestic flights. The city is connected by rail to a variety of destinations. There is a tollway to Astana. The trip normally takes 3 hours.

Sister cities

References

  1. ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2011-05-26. Retrieved 2009-10-22.
  2. 1 2 "Население Республики Казахстан" (in Russian). Департамент социальной и демографической статистики. Retrieved 8 December 2013.
  3. ↑ Kate Brown, A Biography of No Place: From Ethnic Borderland to Soviet Heartland (Harvard University Press, 2004: ISBN 0-674-01168-6), pp. 173-74.
  4. ↑ "Kokshetay Climate Normals 1961-1990". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved January 10, 2013.
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