Joel 2

Joel 2
Leningrad Codex (AD. 1008) contains the complete copy of Book of Joel in Hebrew.
Book Book of Joel
Bible part Old Testament
Order in the Bible part 29
Category Nevi'im

Joel 2 is the second chapter of the Book of Joel in the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament of the Christian Bible.[1][2] This book contains the prophecies spoken by the prophet Joel, and is a part of the Book of the Twelve Minor Prophets.[3][4]

Text

Textual versions

Some most ancient manuscripts containing this chapter in Hebrew language:

  • Masoretic Text (10th century)
  • Dead Sea Scrolls: (2nd century BC)[5]
    • 4Q78 (4QXIIc): extant: verses 1, 8‑14, 16‑23[5]
    • 4Q82 (4QXIIg): extant: verses 2‑3, 5‑13[5]
    • Wadi Murabba'at Minor Prophets (MurXII): 20, 26‑27, 28-32 (noted as 3:1-5)[5]

Ancient translations in Koine Greek:

Structure

NKJV groups this chapter (with cross references to other parts of the Bible):

Verse 25

So I will restore to you the years that the swarming locust has eaten,

The crawling locust,
The consuming locust,
And the chewing locust,

My great army which I sent among you.[6]

Cross reference: Joel 1:4

Exact identity of these locusts is unknown.

Hebrew; transliterationEnglishAppearance in Hebrew BibleOther Bible verses
גזם, gā·zāmchewing locust; gnawing locust; palmerworm; caterpillar3Joel 1:4; Amos 4:9
ארבה, 'ar·behswarming locust; locusts; grasshoppers24Exodus 10:4, 12-14, 19; Leviticus 11:22; Deuteronomy 28:38; Judges 6:5; 7:12; 1 Kings 8:37; 2 Chronicles 6:28;Job 39:20; Psalm 78:46; 105:34; 109:23; Proverb 30:27; Jeremiah 46:23; Joel 1:4; Nahum 3:15,17
ילק, yā·leqcrawling locust; creeping locust ; locusts; young locusts; cankerworm9Psalm 105:34; Jeremiah 51:14, 27;
Joel 1:4; Nahum 3:15,16
חסיל, khā·sîlconsuming locust; stripping locust; caterpillar; grasshopper61 Kings 8:37; 2 Chronicles 6:28; Psalm 78:46;
Isaiah 33:4; Joel 1:4

Verse 28

And it shall come to pass afterward

That I will pour out My Spirit on all flesh;

Your sons and your daughters shall prophesy,

Your old men shall dream dreams,
Your young men shall see visions.[7]

Cross reference for verse 28-32: Acts 2:14-21

On the day of Pentecost, 50 days after the resurrection of Jesus, Apostle Peter stood up with the eleven and proclaimed to the crowd that miraculous events happened on that day were the fulfillment of the prophecy of Joel: "I will pour out my spirit".[8] In Acts 2:17, it reads: "'And in the last days,' God says, 'I will pour out my spirit upon every sort of flesh, and your sons and your daughters will prophesy and your young men will see visions and your old men will dream dreams." He also mentions (2:15) that it was the third hour of the day (about 9:00 AM). Acts 2:41 then reports: "Then they that gladly received his word were baptized: and the same day there were added unto them about three thousand souls."[9]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Collins 2014.
  2. ↑ Hayes 2015.
  3. ↑ Metzger, Bruce M., et al. The Oxford Companion to the Bible. New York: Oxford University Press, 1993.
  4. ↑ Keck, Leander E. 1996. The New Interpreter's Bible: Volume: VII. Nashville: Abingdon.
  5. 1 2 3 4 Dead sea scrolls - Joel
  6. ↑ Joel 2:25
  7. ↑ Joel 2:28
  8. ↑ "Joel 2:28–29". Biblegateway.com. Retrieved 2013-12-21.
  9. ↑ "Acts 2:41". Biblegateway.com. Retrieved 2013-12-21.

Bibliography

  • Collins, John J. (2014). Introduction to the Hebrew Scriptures. Fortress Press.
  • Hayes, Christine (2015). Introduction to the Bible. Yale University Press.
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