Idiopidae

Idiopidae
male Idiops constructor
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Arachnida
Order: Araneae
Suborder: Mygalomorphae
Infraorder: Fornicephalae
Superfamily: Idiopoidea
Family: Idiopidae
Simon, 1892
Genera

see text

Diversity
22 genera, 275 species

Idiopidae[1] (superfamily Idiopoidea) are a mygalomorph spider family, also known as the armored trapdoor spiders.[2] They have a large body that often looks rather like a tarantula.

Description

Gorgyrella sp.

In some species the males have a spur on their legs, which they will show if provoked.[3]

Idiopidae build burrows, and some species close these with a door.

The about 2 cm long Prothemenops siamensis from Thailand builds its retreat in a streamside vertical earth bank in lower montane rain forest. Each burrow had two or three entrances that lead into a main tube. Its lateral posterior spinnerets are elongated.[4]

The oldest known idiopida died at the age of 43 years.[5]

Genera

The categorization into subfamilies follows Raven (1985)

  • Arbanitinae Simon, 1903
  • Aganippini
  • Arbanitini
  • Genysinae Simon, 1903
  • Genysa Simon, 1889 — Madagascar
  • Hiboka Fage, 1922 — Madagascar
  • Neocteniza Pocock, 1895 — Central and South America
  • Scalidognathus Karsch, 1891 — India, Sri Lanka, Seychelles
  • Idiopinae Simon, 1892

See also

Footnotes

  1. ↑ Raven, R.J. 1985. The spider Infraorder Mygalomorphae (Araneae): cladistics and systematics. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 182: 1-180.
  2. ↑ American Arachnological Society Committee on Common Names of Arachnids (2003). Common Names of Arachnids (PDF) (Report) (Fifth ed.).
  3. ↑ Find-a-spider Guide
  4. ↑ Murphy & Murphy 2000: 69f
  5. ↑ Leanda Denise Mason, Grant Wardell-Johnson, Barbara York Main (2018). "The longest-lived spider: mygalomorphs dig deep, and persevere". Pacific Conservation Biology. doi:10.1071/PC18015.

References

  • Raven, Robert John (1985). The spider Infraorder Mygalomorphae (Araneae): cladistics and systematics. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 182: 1-180.
  • Find-a-spider Guide: Spider Families
  • Murphy, Frances & Murphy, John (2000): An Introduction to the Spiders of South East Asia. Malaysian Nature Society, Kuala Lumpur.
  • Platnick, Norman I. (2008): The world spider catalog, version 8.5. American Museum of Natural History.


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