Guyanese Americans

Guyanese Americans
Total population
270,899 (±11,894)[1]
Regions with significant populations
New York · New Jersey · Maryland · Florida · California · Texas · Pennsylvania · Georgia
Languages
English · Guyanese Creole · Guyanese Hindustani (Hindi-Urdu) · Portuguese · Chinese · Akawaio · Macushi · Waiwai · Arawak · Patamona · Warrau · Carib · Wapishana · Arekuna
Religion
Christianity · Hinduism · Islam
Related ethnic groups
Trinidadian and Tobagonian American · Surinamese Americans · Caribbean Americans · Indo-Caribbean Americans · African Americans · Chinese Americans · Portuguese Americans

Guyanese Americans are Americans who can trace their ancestry back to Guyana.

History

After the independence of Guyana from the United Kingdom, in 1966, Guyanese immigration to the United States increased dramatically. Political and economic uncertainty, and the internal strife two years earlier as well as a radical change in US immigration policy opening up opportunities to non-Europeans prompted many Guyanese who could make the move to seek opportunities abroad.

Many of the first Guyanese immigrants to the United States were of African descent. They were women who were recruited as domestic workers or nursing assistants. Prior to the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952 Guyanese of Asian descent faced immigration restrictions because of existence of Asiatic Barred Zone. However, many Guyanese who had studied in the US in the mid 20th century or earlier stayed on in the US; some, like Cheddi Jagan returned to Guyana. Shirley Chisholm's father represents one of the earliest of Guyanese immigrants to the US during the 20th century; emigration from Guyana at that time was mostly to Caribbean or Commonwealth countries.[2]

Demographics

The New York City Metropolitan Area is home to the largest Guyanese population in the United States.[3]

The United States has the highest number of Guyanese people outside of Guyana. The Guyanese-American community consists basically of people of Afro-Guyanese and Indo-Guyanese origins.[4]

As of 1990, 80 percent of Guyanese Americans lived in the Northeast. A large concentration of them can be found in the neighborhoods of Richmond Hill, Queens,[2] Irvington, New Jersey, Orange, New Jersey, East Orange, New Jersey, Flatbush, Brooklyn, East Flatbush, Brooklyn, Rockland County, New York, and Schenectady, New York.[2]

The Guyanese Americans students vary their English accent, depending on whether they are at home or at school. In schools, Guyanese-American students learn to speak American English. The Hindu Indo-Guyanese have religious ceremonies at their houses and they attend various mandirs (temples). The Indo-Guyanese who are Christian attend a local church but there are a lot more Hindus than Christians.[4]

Business

The Guyanese have formed their own businesses in the United States; many of which are shops, restaurants of traditional Guyanese cuisine, grocery stores, and jewelry stores. There are also many shops of clothing belonging to Guyanese that sell clothing Indian (due to the many Guyanese of Indian origin). In addition to these stores, there are also video playback stores specializing in Bollywood films with English subtitles for those who do not understand Hindi. [4]

Politics

Guyanese have organized most of the U.S. Caribbean organizations. There are many nurses from Guyana and police associations. Although this group has not managed to have a collective impact on U.S. national policy, they have organized, however, through their churches with other ethnic groups to promote knowledge and struggles against the problems in their neighborhoods. Have also entered local politics.[2]

Shirley Chisholm was the only Congresswoman of Guyanese descent in American history, as well as the first African-American woman elected to the United States Congress.

Associations

Some of the associations are the Indo-Caribbean American Cultural and Arts Association, The Indo-Caribbean Federation of North America, and the Association of Guyanese-Americans. A major part of the shows the various Indo-Guyanese Associations put together is the songs and dances.The Indo-Guyanese organizations teach the youth about their cultural origins and let them show it off on stage by performing dances, songs, and plays. The development of the cultural groups in the area had made a necessity for announcements of community news.[4]

Relations with Guyana

The Guyanese-American community has close ties with Guyana and sends financial aid back to family members. There is are large ongoing academic exchanges between Guyana and the United States in the form of academic conferences.[2] The Journal of the Caribbean is a Caribbean newspaper important to inform the Indo-Guyanese and other Caribbean groups of their achievements and inform them about the events in Guyana. This newspaper is published weekly and distributed throughout North America. The publications of these papers are written in English. However, there are also publications in other languages. Newspapers offer services to help people. In the newspaper there is tax air tickets and visa forms, applications and service support for the elderly, advertisements for charities for children in Guyana and India.[4]

Notable people

Pop culture

Actors

Historians

Politicians

Sports

References

  1. ↑ Table B04006, People Reporting Ancestry, 2011 American Community Survey 1-Year Estimates, United States Census Bureau
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 Countries and Their Cultures-Guyanese American. Posted by Jacqueline A. McLeod. Retrieved June 10, 2011.
  3. ↑ "Yearbook of Immigration Statistics: 2011 Supplemental Table 2". U.S. Department of Homeland Security. Retrieved 2012-07-08.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 Voices of new York. Posted by Brenda Mangru and Madhu Pillai. Retrieved June 25, 2011
  5. ↑ "Aminta Kilawan is an Indo-Caribbean American lawyer, activist, and writer."
  6. ↑ "Flora Cheong-Leen, aka Flora Zeta Zhang Elizabeth Tian Ai Cheong-Leen, is a Chinese-Guyanese fashion designer"
  7. ↑ "born in Puerto Rico, but her parents are from Guyana."
  8. ↑ Guyana’s most decorated and successful bodybuilder
  9. ↑ "From: Gayana, South America"
  10. ↑ "My dad's dad grew up in British Guiana"
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