Gradungulidae
| Gradungulidae | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Gradungula sorenseni (adult male topotype) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Arachnida |
| Order: | Araneae |
| Suborder: | Araneomorphae |
| Superfamily: | Austrochiloidea |
| Family: | Gradungulidae Forster, 1955 |
| Diversity | |
| 7 genera, 16 species | |
 | |
Gradungulidae is a spider family endemic to Australia and New Zealand with 16 species in seven genera. They are medium to large-sized three-clawed haplogyne spiders with two pairs of book-lungs (like Mygalomorphae).
The genus Gradungula lives in forest litter. Progradungula and Macrogradungula are the only cribellate genera of the family.
Various species within Grandungulidae build an extensive web consisting of an upper retreat tangle with connecting threads to scaffolding, which supports the ladder-like catching platform, which in turn is glued to the ground. Progradungula is a large spider with very long legs; it resembles Hickmania of Austrochilidae.
Species
Gradungula Forster, 1955
- Gradungula sorenseni Forster, 1955 — New Zealand
Kaiya Gray, 1987
- Kaiya bemboka Gray, 1987 — New South Wales
- Kaiya brindabella (Moran, 1985) — Australian Capital Territory
- Kaiya parnabyi Gray, 1987 — Victoria
- Kaiya terama Gray, 1987 (type species) — New South Wales
Macrogradungula Gray, 1987
- Macrogradungula moonya Gray, 1987 — Queensland
Pianoa Forster, 1987
- Pianoa isolata Forster, 1987 — New Zealand
Progradungula Forster & Gray, 1979
- Progradungula carraiensis Forster & Gray, 1979 (type species) — New South Wales
- Progradungula otwayensis Milledge, 1997 — Victoria
Spelungula Forster, 1987
- Spelungula cavernicola Forster, 1987 — New Zealand
Tarlina Gray, 1987
- Tarlina daviesae Gray, 1987 — Queensland
- Tarlina milledgei Gray, 1987 — New South Wales
- Tarlina noorundi Gray, 1987 (type species) — New South Wales
- Tarlina simipes Gray, 1987 — Queensland
- Tarlina smithersi Gray, 1987 — New South Wales
- Tarlina woodwardi (Forster, 1955) — Queensland
See also
References
- Forster, R. R., Gray, M. R. (1979): Progradungula, a new cribellate genus of the spider family Gradungulidae (Araneae). Australian Journal of Zoology 27: 1051-1071. Abstract
- Forster, R. R., Platnick, N. I. and Gray, M. R. (1987): A review of the spider superfamilies Hypochiloidea and Austrochiloidea (Araneae, Araneomorphae). Bulletin of the AMNH 185(1): 1-116 Abstract - PDF (50Mb)
- Platnick, Norman I. (2014): The world spider catalog, version 14.5. American Museum of Natural History. doi:10.5531/db.iz.0001
External links
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Wikispecies has information related to Gradungulidae |