Ferrari 288 GTO

Ferrari 288 GTO
Overview
Manufacturer	Ferrari
Also called	Ferrari GTO
Production	1983–1987 272 produced[1]
Designer	Leonardo Fioravanti at Pininfarina
Body and chassis
Class	Sports car
Body style	2-door berlinetta
Layout	Rear mid-engine, rear-wheel-drive
Related	Ferrari 308 GTB/GTS
Powertrain
Engine	2.9 L (2,855 cc) F114 B 000 twin turbo V8[2]
Power output	400 PS (294 kW; 395 bhp) and 496 N⋅m (366 lbf⋅ft) of torque
Transmission	5-speed manual[2]
Dimensions
Wheelbase	2,450 mm (96.5 in)[2]
Length	4,290 mm (168.9 in)[2]
Width	1,910 mm (75.2 in)[2]
Height	1,120 mm (44.1 in)[2]
Kerb weight	1,160 kg (2,557.4 lb)[2]
Chronology
Predecessor	Ferrari 250 GTO
Successor	Ferrari F40

The Ferrari GTO (often referred to as Ferrari 288 GTO) is an exotic homologation of the Ferrari 308 GTB produced from 1984 to 1987 in Ferrari's Maranello factory, designated GT for Gran Turismo and O for Omologata (homologated in Italian).^[3]

Background

The Ferrari GTO was built to compete in the new Group B Circuit Race series and a minimum of 200 cars were required for homologation. Due to lackluster participation caused by these regulations, the Group B Circuit series never took off. As a result, the GTO never raced and all 272 cars built remained purely road cars.

Some of the GTO's styling features were first displayed on a 308 GTB design exercise by Pininfarina shown at the 1977 Geneva Auto Salon. The 288 GTO started out as a modified version of the 308/328 to hold down costs and to build the car quickly, but little of the 308/328 was left when the 288 GTO was finished. Easily noticeable differences were the GTOs bulging fender flares, larger front/rear spoilers, large "flag-style" outside mirrors and four driving lights at the far sides of the grille. Retained from the original 250 GTO were slanted air vents, put in the GTO's rear fenders to cool the brakes, as well as the rear wing's design, borrowed from the 250 GTO's original wing. The GTO also had wider body panels than the 308's because they had to cover much larger Goodyear tires mounted on racing wheels. The suspension's height could be set higher for road use and lower for racing on tracks. Bodywork material was new and lighter for better acceleration and handling. The GTO's weight was only 2,555 lb (1,159 kg), compared to 3,085–3,350 lb (1,399–1,520 kg) for the 308/328. Steel was used just for the doors because major body panels were made from molded fiberglass. Kevlar was used for the hood, and the roof was made from Kevlar and carbon fiber.

Engine

The GTO was based on the rear mid-engine, rear wheel drive 308 GTB, which has a 2.9 L (2,927 cc) V8. The "288" refers to the GTO's 2.8 litre DOHC 4 valves per cylinder V8 engine as it used a de-bored by 1 mm (0.04 in) with IHI twin-turbochargers, Behr air-to-air intercoolers, Weber-Marelli fuel injection and a compression ratio of 7.6:1 ^[4]. The 2.85 litre engine capacity was dictated by the FIA's requirement for a Turbocharged engine's capacity to be multiplied by 1.4. This gave the GTO an equivalent engine capacity of 3,997 cc (4.0 L; 243.9 cu in), just under the Group B limit of 4.0 litres.

Unlike the 308's 2,927 cc (2.9 L; 178.6 cu in) engine, the GTO's 2,855 cc (2.9 L; 174.2 cu in) V8 was mounted longitudinally, using the 308's rear trunk space. This was necessary to make room for the twin turbochargers and intercoolers. The racing transmission was mounted to the rear of the longitudinal engine, moving the rear differential and wheels aft. The arrangement also let the GTO use a more conventional race-car engine/transmission layout for such things as quick gear-ratio changes for various tracks. As a result, the wheelbase was 110 mm (4.3 in) longer at 2,450 mm (96 in). The track was also widened to accommodate wider wheels and tires (Goodyear NCT 225/55 VR16 tires mounted on 8 x 16 inch Speedline wheels at the front and 265/50 VR16 mounted on 10 x 16 inch wheels at the rear) to provide increased cornering and braking performance and the ability to apply 400 PS (395 bhp; 294 kW) at 7,000 rpm and 496 N⋅m (366 lb⋅ft) of torque at 3,800 rpm.^[5] The GTO was an impressive performer, with 0-60 mph (97 km/h) times around 5 seconds. Ferrari claimed 0-125 mph (201 km/h) in 15 seconds flat and a top speed of 189 mph (304 km/h), making it the first street-legal production car to reach 300 km/h (186 mph).^[1]

Performance

Test results by Road & Track:

• 0–30 mph (48 km/h): 2.3 s ^[6]
• 0–50 mph (80 km/h): 4.1 s ^[6]
• 0–60 mph (97 km/h): 5.0 s ^[6]
• 0–70 mph (113 km/h): 6.2 s ^[6]
• 0–80 mph (129 km/h): 7.7 s ^[6]
• 0–100 mph (161 km/h): 11.0 s ^[6]
• 0–120 mph (193 km/h): 16.0 s ^[6]
• Standing ¹⁄₄ mile (402 m): 14.1 s @ 113 mph (182 km/h) ^[6]
• Top Speed: 179 mph (288 km/h)^[7]

Evoluzione

1987 Ferrari 288 GTO Evoluzione.

Ferrari built six (five production models and one prototype)^[8] 288 GTO Evoluzione models with more aggressive and aerodynamic body styling and increased power. The Evoluzione, introduced in 1986, was built to race in Group B but when that series was cancelled the project was also shelved as it was not fit for any other racing series. Ferrari had planned a production run of 20 cars to comply with Group B homologation requirements for Evolution models. The 288 GTO Evoluzione is powered by an upgraded version of the 2.9 L V8 used in the normal 288 GTO that has twin-turbochargers and produces 650 hp (480 kW) at 7,800 rpm.^[9] It has a weight of around 940 kg (2,072 lb) and can reach a top speed of 225 mph (362 km/h).^[10] It features a unique front end designed for aerodynamics with front canards, channels and vents as well as a large carbon fibre rear spoiler and numerous large NACA ducts. Many styling and mechanical elements from the Evoluzione influenced the soon to follow F40.

All six are thought to still be in existence with one owned by the Factory on display in the engine manufacturing facility in Maranello and another suspected to have been used as a prototype during the development of the F40.^[9][11]

Notable Formula 1 GTO owners

Several Formula 1 drivers were offered GTOs by Enzo Ferrari. These include Michele Alboreto (56195), Keke Rosberg (56653) and Niki Lauda (58329) who was gifted the last of the 272 units built by Enzo Ferrari himself.^[12]

Awards

In 2004, Sports Car International named this car number two on the list of Top Sports Cars of the 1980s, behind its German rival the Porsche 959.

Gallery

• 
  Rear view of a Ferrari 288 GTO
• 
• 
  Ferrari 288 GTO pictured in a Ferrari museum
• 
  Ferrari 288 GTO pictured in London

References

• Buckley, Martin; Rees, Chris (1998). World Encyclopedia of Cars. London: Anness Publishing. ISBN 1-84038-083-7.
• Ferrari 288 GTO at the Group B Rally Cars.