Beit 'Anan

Beit 'Anan
Other transcription(s)
 • Arabic بيت عنان
 • Also spelled Bayt I'nan (official)
Beit 'Anan in the past
Beit 'Anan
Location of Beit 'Anan within Palestine
Coordinates: 31°51′10″N 35°06′38″E / 31.85278°N 35.11056°E / 31.85278; 35.11056Coordinates: 31°51′10″N 35°06′38″E / 31.85278°N 35.11056°E / 31.85278; 35.11056
Palestine grid 160/140
Governorate Jerusalem
Government
 • Type Municipality
Population (2007)
 • Jurisdiction 3,941
Name meaning "The house of 'Anan"[1]

Beit 'Anan (Arabic: بيت عنان‎) is a Palestinian village in northwest Jerusalem[2]. In 2010, it had a population of 4,982. Some residents of Beit 'Anan hold Israeli identity cards, while others hold Palestinian identity cards.

History

In 1159, Bethanam is mentioned in Crusader sources in connection with defining the borders between it and Parva Mahomeria.[3][4]

In 1883, Survey of Western Palestine suggested that Beit 'Anan was identical with the Crusader village of Beithumen, a fief of the Holy Sepulchre in the twelfth century.[5] However, in 1887 Röhricht thought it was a more likely that Beitunia was Beithumen,[6] and in 1890 Conder agreed fully with Röhricht.[7]

Ottoman era

Beit 'Anan was incorporated into the Ottoman Empire in 1517 with all of Palestine, and in 1596 it appeared in the tax registers as being in the Nahiya of Quds of the Liwa of Quds. It had a population of 28 households, all Muslim, who paid a fixed tax sum of 3,400 akçe.[8]

Around 1740 Richard Pococke noted Beit 'Anan after travelling from Nabi Samwil.[9]

In 1838 it was noted as a Muslim village, located in the Beni Malik area, west of Jerusalem.[10][11]

In 1863 Victor Guérin visited the village, and estimated that it had 600 inhabitants,[12] while an official Ottoman village list of about 1870 showed that "Bet 'Anan" had 59 houses and a population of 220, though the population count included only men.[13][14] In 1883, the Palestine Exploration Fund's Survey of Western Palestine described the village as "a small village on top of a flat ridge; near a main road to the west are remains of a Khan with water, and about a mile to the east is a spring."[15]

In 1896 the population of Beit 'Anan was estimated to be about 450 persons.[16]

British Mandate era

Beit 'Anan was captured by British forces in the 1917 Battle for Jerusalem during their campaign in Palestine against the Ottomans.[17] It was described as a village situated on the hill commanding Dukka from the south, on the road to Kubeibeh, identified as ancient Emmaus.[18]

In the 1922 census of Palestine conducted by the British Mandate authorities, "Bait 'Inan" had a population of 509 Muslims,[19] increasing in the 1931 census to a population of 654 Muslims, in 162 houses.[20]

In the 1945 statistics Beit I'nan had a population of 820, all Muslims,[21] with 10,105 dunams of land, according to an official land and population survey.[22] Of this, 2,015 dunams were plantations and irrigable land, 2,471 used for cereals,[23] while 63 dunams were built-up land.[24]

Jordanian era

In the wake of the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, and after the 1949 Armistice Agreements, Beit 'Anan came under Jordanian rule.

In 1961, the population of Beit I'nan was 1,255.[25]

Post-1967

After the Six-Day War in 1967, Beit 'Anan has been under Israeli occupation. The population of Beit Inan in the 1967 census conducted by the Israeli authorities was 1,261, of whom 212 originated from the Israeli territory.[26]

After the 1995 accords, about 12.9% of the land (or 1,309 dunams) is classified as being Area B, while the remaining 97.1 % (or 8,797 dunams) is Area C.[27]

The Israeli plans for the Segregation Wall will isolate a total of 1,009 dunam of village land on, or behind the wall, out of reach for its Palestinian owners.[28]

In 2012 the Beit Anan population was near five thousand with four thousand more migrants and their descendants. There are nearly 2,000 living in Jordan, most in Zarqa. More than 2,000 live in the United States, most of whom live in the Paterson, New Jersey area. Others live in Louisiana, Illinois, Ohio, and Florida, with a few living in Michigan. Some of their descendants live in Brazil. Migration from Beit Anan began in the early fifties. Then, nearly all headed to Brazil via the sea. Since the late sixties and until today migration from Beit Anan has been nearly entirely to the United States.

Education and culture

Beit 'Anan has an UNRWA school for girls with 560 students, two elementary schools for boys and three kindergartens. The Abu Ayob al-Ansary mosque is located in Beit 'Anan. The village has two health clinics and several sports clubs. In 2009, a four-day culture festival was held in Beit Anan and was attended by more than 15,000 people.[2]

Biddu enclave

Beit 'Anan along with Biddu, Beit Duqqu, Beit Surik, Qatanna, al Qubeida, Beit Ijaz, Kharayib Umm al Lahim and at Tira form the "Biddu enclave." The enclave will be linked to Ramallah by underpasses and a fenced road.[29]

West Bank barrier

In July 2004, the Israeli High Court of Justice cancelled military orders for the confiscation of hundreds of dunams of village land to build the separation barrier.[30][31] The barrier would have passed close to Beit 'Anan and cut off the village from a lot of its land.[31] Following the ruling, the barrier was rerouted at a greater distance from the village.[30]

References

  1. ↑ Palmer, 1881, p. 286
  2. 1 2 "Promoting Palestinian culture presents challenge to occupation and celebrates heritage". Alquds2009.org. Archived from the original on 2011-07-21. Retrieved 2010-09-11.
  3. ↑ Pringle, 1998, pp. 167- 168
  4. ↑ Röhricht, 1893, RHH, p. 88, no 338
  5. ↑ Conder and Kitchener, 1883, SWP III, p. 11
  6. ↑ Röhricht, 1887, p. 205
  7. ↑ Conder, 1890, p. 30
  8. ↑ Hütteroth and Abdulfattah, 1977, p. 121
  9. ↑ Pococke, 1743, pp. 49-50; identified in Robinson and Smith, 1841, vol 3, p. 65
  10. ↑ Robinson and Smith, 1841, vol 3, Appendix 2, p. 124
  11. ↑ Robinson and Smith, 1841, vol 3, p. 65
  12. ↑ Guérin, 1874, p. 348
  13. ↑ Socin, 1879, p. 145
  14. ↑ Hartmann, 1883, p. 118
  15. ↑ Conder and Kitchener, 1883, SWP III, p. 16
  16. ↑ Schick, 1896, p. 126
  17. ↑ The battle for Palestine 1917, John D. Grainger
  18. ↑ Cavalry entered Jaffa
  19. ↑ Barron, 1923, Table VII, Sub-district of Jerusalem, p. 15
  20. ↑ Mills, 1932, p. 38
  21. ↑ Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics, 1945, p. 24
  22. ↑ Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 56
  23. ↑ Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 101
  24. ↑ Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 151
  25. ↑ Government of Jordan, Department of Statistics, 1964, p. 23
  26. ↑ Perlmann, Joel (November 2011 – February 2012). "The 1967 Census of the West Bank and Gaza Strip: A Digitized Version" (PDF). Levy Economics Institute. Retrieved 24 January 2018.
  27. ↑ Beit 'Anan Town Profile, ARIJ, 2012, p. 16
  28. ↑ Beit 'Anan Town Profile, ARIJ, 2012, p. 17
  29. ↑ OCHA Archived November 12, 2005, at the Wayback Machine.
  30. 1 2 Amnon Barzilai (November 29, 2004). "New separation fence route to annex less West Bank land". Haaretz.
  31. 1 2 High Court of Justice, Beit Sourik Village Council versus the Government of Israel and the Commander of the IDF Forces in the West Bank, HCJ 2056/04, June 30, 2004.

Bibliography

  • Barron, J. B., ed. (1923). Palestine: Report and General Abstracts of the Census of 1922. Government of Palestine.
  • Conder, C.R.; Kitchener, H. H. (1883). The Survey of Western Palestine: Memoirs of the Topography, Orography, Hydrography, and Archaeology. 3. London: Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund.
  • Conder, C. R. (1890). "Norman Palestine". Quarterly statement - Palestine Exploration Fund. 22: 29–37.
  • Government of Jordan, Department of Statistics (1964). First Census of Population and Housing. Volume I: Final Tables; General Characteristics of the Population (PDF).
  • Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics (1945). Village Statistics, April, 1945.
  • Guérin, V. (1868). Description Géographique Historique et Archéologique de la Palestine (in French). 1: Judee, pt. 1. Paris: L'Imprimerie Nationale.
  • Hadawi, S. (1970). Village Statistics of 1945: A Classification of Land and Area ownership in Palestine. Palestine Liberation Organization Research Centre.
  • Hartmann, M. (1883). "Die Ortschaftenliste des Liwa Jerusalem in dem türkischen Staatskalender für Syrien auf das Jahr 1288 der Flucht (1871)". Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palästina-Vereins. 6: 102–149.
  • Hütteroth, Wolf-Dieter; Abdulfattah, Kamal (1977). Historical Geography of Palestine, Transjordan and Southern Syria in the Late 16th Century. Erlanger Geographische Arbeiten, Sonderband 5. Erlangen, Germany: Vorstand der Fränkischen Geographischen Gesellschaft. ISBN 3-920405-41-2.
  • Mills, E., ed. (1932). Census of Palestine 1931. Population of Villages, Towns and Administrative Areas. Jerusalem: Government of Palestine.
  • Palmer, E. H. (1881). The Survey of Western Palestine: Arabic and English Name Lists Collected During the Survey by Lieutenants Conder and Kitchener, R. E. Transliterated and Explained by E.H. Palmer. Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund.
  • Pococke, R. (1745). A description of the East, and some other countries. 2. London: Printed for the author, by W. Bowyer.
  • Pringle, Denys (1998). The Churches of the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem: L-Z (excluding Tyre). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0521390370.
  • Robinson, E.; Smith, E. (1841). Biblical Researches in Palestine, Mount Sinai and Arabia Petraea: A Journal of Travels in the year 1838. 3. Boston: Crocker & Brewster.
  • Röhricht, R. (1887). "Studien zur mittelalterlichen Geographie und Topographie Syriens". Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palästina-Vereins. 10: 195–344.
  • Röhricht, R. (1893). (RRH) Regesta regni Hierosolymitani (MXCVII-MCCXCI) (in Latin). Berlin: Libraria Academica Wageriana.
  • Schick, C. (1896). "Zur Einwohnerzahl des Bezirks Jerusalem". Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palästina-Vereins. 19: 120–127.
  • Socin, A. (1879). "Alphabetisches Verzeichniss von Ortschaften des Paschalik Jerusalem". Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palästina-Vereins. 2: 135–163.
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