Archduke Karl Ludwig of Austria
Archduke Karl Ludwig | |
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Photograph by Ludwig Angerer, about 1861 | |
Born |
Schönbrunn Palace, Vienna, Austria | 30 July 1833
Died | 19 May 1896 62) | (aged
Burial | Imperial Crypt, Vienna |
Spouse |
Margarete of Saxony Maria Annunciata of the Two Sicilies Maria Theresa of Portugal |
Issue |
Archduke Franz Ferdinand Archduke Otto Franz Archduke Ferdinand Karl Archduchess Margarete Sophie Archduchess Maria Annunciata Archduchess Elisabeth Amalie |
House | Habsburg-Lorraine |
Father | Archduke Franz Karl of Austria |
Mother | Princess Sophie of Bavaria |
Archduke Karl Ludwig Joseph Maria of Austria (30 July 1833 – 19 May 1896) was the younger brother of Franz Joseph I of Austria (1830–1916), the father of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria (1863–1914), whose assassination ignited World War I,[1] and grandfather of the last emperor, Charles I.
Biography
He was born at Schönbrunn Palace in Vienna, the son of Archduke Franz Karl of Austria (1802–1878) and his wife Princess Sophie of Bavaria (1805–1872).
His mother ensured he was raised a devout Roman Catholic by the Vienna Prince-archbishop Joseph Othmar Rauscher, a conviction that evolved into religious mania in his later years.
Though not interested in politics, the 20-year-old joined the Galician government of Count Agenor Romuald Gołuchowski and in 1855 accepted his appointment as Tyrolean stadtholder in Innsbruck, where he took his residence at Ambras Castle. However, he found his authority to exert power restricted by the Austrian cabinet of his cousin Archduke Rainer Ferdinand and Baron Alexander von Bach. He finally laid down the office upon the issue of the 1861 February Patent for a life as patron of the arts and sciences.
As the eldest surviving brother of the Emperor, Karl Ludwig, after the death of his nephew Crown Prince Rudolf of Austria in 1889, became heir presumptive to the Austro-Hungarian Empire. A newspaper article appeared shortly after the death of his nephew claiming that the Archduke had renounced his succession rights in favor of his eldest son Franz Ferdinand.[2] This rumor proved to be false.[3]
Marriage and family
Monarchical styles of Archduke Karl Ludwig of Austria | |
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Reference style | His Imperial and Royal Highness |
Spoken style | Your Imperial and Royal Highness |
Alternative style | Sir |
Karl Ludwig married three times.
His first wife, whom he married on 4 November 1856 at Dresden, was his first cousin Margaretha of Saxony (1840–1858), the daughter of Johann of Saxony (1801–1873) and Amalie Auguste of Bavaria (1801–1877). She died on 15 September 1858 and they had no children.
His second wife, whom he married by proxy on 16 October 1862 at Rome, and in person on 21 October 1862 at Venice, was Princess Maria Annunciata of Bourbon-Two Sicilies (1843–1871), daughter of Ferdinand II of the Two Sicilies (1810–1859) and Maria Theresa of Austria (1816–1867).
They had four children:
- Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria (December 18, 1863 – June 28, 1914) he married Countess Sophie Chotek von Chotkow und Wognin on 1 July 1900. They had four children.
- Archduke Otto Franz of Austria (21 April 1865 – 1 November 1906) he married Princess Maria Josepha of Saxony (1867–1944) on 2 October 1886. They had two sons.
- Archduke Ferdinand Karl of Austria (27 December 1868 – 12 March 1915) he married Bertha Czuber on 15 August 1909.
- Archduchess Margarete Sophie of Austria (13 May 1870 – 24 August 1902) she married Albrecht, Duke of Württemberg on 24 January 1893. They had seven children.
Maria Annunciata died on 4 May 1871.
His third wife, whom he married on 23 July 1873 at Kleinheubach, was Infanta Maria Theresa of Portugal (1855–1944), daughter of Miguel I of Portugal (1802–1866) and Adelaide of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg (1831–1909).
They had two daughters:
- Archduchess Maria Annunziata of Austria (13 July 1876 – 8 April 1961). Abbess of the Theresia Convent in the Hradschin, Prague.
- Archduchess Elisabeth Amalie of Austria (7 July 1878 – 13 March 1960) she married Prince Aloys of Liechtenstein on 20 April 1903. They had eight children.
Karl Ludwig died of typhoid at Schönbrunn in Vienna returning from a journey to Palestine and Egypt, allegedly after the consumption of contaminated Jordan waters. His widow, Maria Teresa died on 12 February 1944.
Honours
- Austrian decorations[4]
- Knight of the Order of the Golden Fleece - 1852[5]
- Grand Cross of the Order of St. Stephen of Hungary - 1859[6]
- Military Merit Medal on red ribbon
- Long Service Cross for Officers, 2nd Class
- Foreign decorations[4]
Baden: Grand Cross of the House Order of Fidelity Kingdom of Bavaria: Knight of the Order of St. Hubert Belgium: Grand Cordon of the Order of Leopold - 1853; wedding gift of King Leopold I in honour of his son and daughter-in-law.[7] Empire of Brazil: Grand Cross of the Order of the Southern Cross Duchy of Brunswick: Grand Cross of the Order of Henry the Lion Denmark: Knight of the Order of the Elephant - 21 July 1890[8] Ernestine duchies: Grand Cross of the Saxe-Ernestine House Order France: Grand Cross of the Legion of Honour Kingdom of Greece: Grand Cross of the Order of the Redeemer Grand Duchy of Hesse: Grand Cross of the Ludwig Order Kingdom of Italy: Knight of the Supreme Order of the Most Holy Annunciation Holy See: Grand Cross of the Order of Pope Pius IX Two Sicilian Royal Family: Grand Cross of the Order of Saint Ferdinand and of Merit Tuscan Grand Ducal Family: Grand Cross of the Order of Saint Joseph
Second Mexican Empire: Grand Cross of the Order of the Mexican Eagle Netherlands: Grand Cross of the Order of the Netherlands Lion House of Nassau: Knight of the Order of the Gold Lion of the House of Nassau
Ottoman Empire: Order of Osmanieh, 1st Class with diamonds Kingdom of Portugal: Grand Cross of the Order of the Tower and Sword[9] Kingdom of Prussia: - Knight of the Order of the Black Eagle
- Knight 1st Class of the Order of the Red Eagle
- Honorary Grand Cross of the Order of St. John (Bailiwick of Brandenburg)
- Grand Commander of the House Order of Hohenzollern
Qajar dynasty: Portrait of the Shah of Persia with diamonds Kingdom of Romania: Grand Cross of the Order of the Star of Romania Russian Empire: - Knight of the Order of St. Andrew the Apostle the First-Called
- Knight of the Order of St. Alexander Nevsky
- Knight of the Order of the White Eagle
- Knight 1st Class of the Order of St. Anna
Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach: Grand Cross of the Order of the White Falcon Kingdom of Saxony: Knight of the Order of the Rue Crown Kingdom of Serbia: Grand Cross of the Order of the Cross of Takovo Siam: Order of the Crown of Siam, 1st Class with diamonds Spain: Grand Cross of the Order of Charles III Sweden: Knight of the Order of the Seraphim - 7 January 1870 Württemberg: Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Crown
Ancestry
See also
References
- ↑ "Franz Ferdinand, Archduke of Austria." Encyclopedia of World Biography. Vol. 29. Detroit: Gale, 2009. Gale Biography In Context. Web. 18 May 2012.
- ↑ "The Crown Prince's Successor". The New York Times. 1889-02-02.
- ↑ "Austria's Insecurity" (PDF). The New York Times. 1896-06-16.
- 1 2 Hof- und Staats-Handbuch der Österreichisch-Ungarischen Monarchie (1896), Genealogy p. 2
- ↑ "Toison Autrichienne (Austrian Fleece) - 19th century" (in French), Chevaliers de la Toison D'or. Retrieved 2018-08-09.
- ↑ "A Szent István Rend tagjai" Archived 22 December 2010 at the Wayback Machine.
- ↑ Le livre d'or de l'ordre de Léopold et de la croix de fer, Volume 1 /Ferdinand Veldekens
- ↑ Jørgen Pedersen (2009). Riddere af Elefantordenen, 1559–2009 (in Danish). Syddansk Universitetsforlag. p. 472. ISBN 978-87-7674-434-2.
- ↑ "Grand Crosses of the Order of the Tower and Sword". geneall.net. Retrieved 2018-10-06.
External links
Media related to Archduke Karl Ludwig of Austria at Wikimedia Commons