Additional Articles of the Constitution of the Republic of China

Additional Articles of
the Constitution of the
Republic of China
Traditional Chinese 中華民國憲法
增修條文
Simplified Chinese 中华民国宪法
增修条文
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The Additional Articles of the Constitution of the Republic of China (Chinese: 中華民國憲法增修條文) are the revisions and constitutional amendments to the original constitution to meet the requisites of the nation and the political status of Taiwan.

The Additional Articles are the fundamental law of the present government of the Republic of China on Taiwan since 1991.

Articles

Comparison of the governmental structure

The present structure of government are regulated by the Additional Articles in 2005.[1]

Governmental structureOriginal Constitution (1947)Additional Articles (2005)
Head of stateThe president and the vice president are elected separately by the National Assembly for a duration of 6 yearsThe president and the vice president are elected in pair by the citizens of the Free area for a duration of 4 years, limited to 2 terms.
Head of governmentThe premier is nominated by the president, and consented by the Legislative Yuan.The premier is appointed by the president.
ParliamentTricameralism: National Assembly, Legislative Yuan and Control Yuan.
The members of the National Assembly are elected for a duration of 6 years.
The members of the Legislative Yuan are elected for a duration of 3 years.
The members of the Control Yuan are elected by provincial legislators for a duration of 6 years.
Unicameralism: Legislative Yuan.
The National Assembly is abolished, and its functions are exercised directly by the citizens of the Free area.
The 113 members of the Legislative Yuan are elected for a duration of 4 years.
The Control Yuan, though retained, is now a purely auditory body, and its 29 members are nominated by the president, and confirmed by the Legislative Yuan for a duration of 6 years.
JudiciaryThe justices are nominated by the president, and consented by the Control Yuan. The justices are tenure.The 15 justices are nominated by the president, and confirmed by the Legislative Yuan for a duration of 8 years.
Local governmentTwo level system: provincial Level, county LevelThe provinces are streamlined. Counties and cities under provinces are subordinated directly to the central government.

Constitution amendments

Before the Additional Articles in 2005, the constitution amendments need to be passed by the National Assembly. Since the Additional Articles ratified on 7 June 2005, the National Assembly is replaced by the Legislative Yuan. Constitution amendments need to be passed by three quarters of the members of Legislative Yuan, with more than half (50%) of voters hold referendums to approve the amendments.

See also

References

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