86th Street (Second Avenue Subway)

 86 Street
 "Q" train
New York City Subway rapid transit station
Platform level, with two specially designed R160 Q trains
Station statistics
Address 86th Street & Second Avenue
New York, NY 10028
Borough Manhattan
Locale Upper East Side, Yorkville
Coordinates 40°46′40.3″N 73°57′6.3″W / 40.777861°N 73.951750°W / 40.777861; -73.951750Coordinates: 40°46′40.3″N 73°57′6.3″W / 40.777861°N 73.951750°W / 40.777861; -73.951750
Division B (IND)
Line       IND Second Avenue Line
Services       N  (limited rush hour service only)
​      Q  (all times)
​      R  (one weekday a.m. rush hour trip in the northbound direction only)
Transit connections NYCT Bus: M15, M15 SBS, M86 SBS[1]
⛴ NYC Ferry: Soundview route (at East 90th Street and East End Avenue)
Structure Underground
Platforms 1 island platform
Tracks 2
Other information
Opened January 1, 2017 (2017-01-01)[2][3]
Station code 476[4]
Accessible ADA-accessible
Wireless service [5]
Traffic
Passengers (2017) 7,693,260[6]
Rank 49 out of 425
Station succession
Next north 96th Street: N  ​Q  ​R 
Next south 72nd Street: N  ​Q 

86th Street is a station on the first phase of the Second Avenue Line of the New York City Subway. Located at the intersection of Second Avenue and 86th Street on the Upper East Side, it opened on January 1, 2017. The station is served by the Q train at all times, limited rush hour N trains, and one A.M. rush hour R train in the northbound direction only. There are two tracks and an island platform.

The station was part of the original Second Avenue Subway as outlined in the Program for Action in 1968. Construction on that project started in 1972, but stalled in 1975 due to lack of funding. In 2007, a separate measure authorized a first phase of the Second Avenue Line to be built between 65th and 105th Streets, with stations at 72nd, 86th, and 96th Streets. The station opened on January 1, 2017, as an intermediate station along Phase 1. Since opening, the presence of the Second Avenue Subway's three Phase 1 stations has improved real estate prices along the corridor.

The station, along with the other Phase 1 stations along the Second Avenue Subway, contains features not found in most New York City Subway stations. It is fully compliant with the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, containing two elevators for disabled access. Additionally, the station contains air conditioning and is waterproofed, a feature only found in newer stations. The artwork at 86th Street is Subway Portraits, a selection of twelve face portraits by painter Chuck Close.

Station layout

Track layout
to 96 St
to 72 St
G Street level Exits/Entrances
B1 Upper landing Escalators to Entrance 1 and escalators to lower mezzanine
B2 Lower Mezzanine Fare control, station agent, MetroCard vending machines
Staircases and escalators to platforms
(Elevator on south side of 86th Street east of Second Avenue)
B3
Platform level		 Southbound ← "Q" train toward Coney Island–Stillwell Avenue via Brighton ("N" train rush hours via Sea Beach) (72nd Street)
Island platform, doors will open on the left
Northbound → "Q" train ("N" train "R" train rush hours) toward 96th Street (Terminus) →
Mezzanine

The 86th Street station is served by the Q train at all times, and some N trains during rush hours.[7] It has two tracks and an island platform.[8] The station is built so that it is more wide open than most other underground stations in the system;[9] its architecture, along with two other Second Avenue Subway stations, was compared to a Washington Metro station by Dr. Michael Horodniceanu, President of MTA Capital Construction.[10] The platform is 93 feet (28 m) below ground.[11] The platform for the 86th Street station, like the other Second Avenue Subway stations, is 27.8 feet (8.5 m) wide.[12][13]

The station has air-cooling systems to make it at least 10 °F (6 °C) cooler than other subway stations during the summer.[14] This requires the station to have large ventilation and ancillary buildings, rather than traditional subway grates.[15] The station is also compliant with current fire codes, whereas most existing stations are not.[16] Additionally, the station is waterproofed with concrete liners and fully drained.[17]

Artwork

Subway Portraits (close-up)

In 2009, MTA Arts & Design selected Chuck Close from a pool of 300 potential artists to create the artwork for the station.[18] His work consists of a series of twelve portraits of the city's cultural figures,[19] spread over 1,000 square feet (93 m2) of wall.[20][21] Each 10-foot-high (3.0 m) piece is made with tiles that are painted to create a mosaic-like effect.[22] The pieces cost $1 million and were installed near the exits and in the mezzanines.[22]

Close's portraits at the station, titled "Subway Portraits," fall into two main categories.[18] The first category of portraits comprises artists whom Close is familiar with. The station contains portraits of composer Philip Glass in his youth; musician Lou Reed; photographer Cindy Sherman; painter Cecily Brown; artist Kara Walker; and painter Alex Katz.[18] The second category is composed of portraits of younger, more ethnically diverse artists including Zhang Huan, Sienna Shields and Pozsi B. Kolor.[18] In these portraits, Close aimed to highlight the cultural diversity of New York City.[18] He also has two self-portraits within the station.[18]

Exits and ancillary buildings

Entrance 1 in building near 83rd Street

There are 3 entrances and exits, which comprise 10 escalators and one elevator.[23][24]

Exit location[24] Exit Type Number of exits
Entrance 1
Within building at NE corner of Second Avenue and 83rd Street[1]		 Escalator 2 escalators
Entrance 2
(2 entry points)
NE corner of Second Avenue and 86th Street[1]		 Escalator Each entry point has 2 escalators
Entrance 2
SE corner of Second Avenue and 86th Street[1]		 Elevator 1

There are also two ancillary buildings that store station equipment:[25][26]

  • Ancillary 1, NW corner of Second Avenue and 83rd Street
  • Ancillary 2, NW corner of Second Avenue and 86th Street
Entrance 2

Originally, Entrance 2's escalator entrance was to be located inside the Yorkshire Towers apartment building at 305 East 86th Street, on the northeast corner of Second Avenue and 86th Street. In 2009, a Finding Of No Significant Impact by the Federal Transit Administration (FTA) found this to be unfeasible, so the Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA) revised the plan to two separate sidewalk entrances in front of the building.[27]:2 During the planning process, it was determined that building a new entrance within the Yorkshire Towers would be too expensive and logistically unfeasible. The apartments directly above the entrance's location would have had to be structurally underpinned during construction, and the Food Emporium supermarket location would have had to close to make way for the new entrance.[27]:4 Of the three alternatives presented for moving the entrance, the MTA chose an alternative in which there would be two new escalator entrances on the north side of 86th Street, both flanking the semicircular driveway of Yorkshire Towers and facing away from the driveway. There was also a proposal to move the sidewalk escalator entrances to the south side of the street, as well as another proposal to build a new structure containing five elevators at the southeast corner of Second Avenue and 86th Street, in a manner similar to Entrance 3 of the adjacent 72nd Street station.[27]:5

Controversy emerged over Entrance 2's location in February 2011, when a lawsuit was filed by the Yorkshire Towers over the location of Entrance 2.[28][29] The entrances, planned to service 3,600 people an hour, were alleged in the lawsuit to be destroying the quality of life for building tenants, if the entrances were to be built in the location.[28] The lawsuit was later dismissed because the suit had been filed two years after the FTA's FONSI was published, which was past the statute of limitations.[30] A new lawsuit was filed on March 15, 2013, after the MTA started construction on the entrances.[30] In June 2013, that lawsuit was also dismissed.[31]

In May 2017, all three escalators in Entrance 1 were damaged by sprinklers activated by faulty sensors, causing the entire entrance to be temporarily closed.[32]

History

Ancillary building
Vestibule for the two sets of escalator entrances at Entrance 2

Background

The Second Avenue Line was originally proposed in 1919 as part of a massive expansion of what would become the Independent Subway System (IND).[33][34]:203 Work on the line never commenced, as the Great Depression crushed the economy.[35] Numerous plans for the Second Avenue Subway appeared throughout the 20th century, but these were usually deferred due to lack of funds. In anticipation of the never-built new subway line, the Second and Third Avenue elevated lines were demolished in 1942 and 1955, respectively.[36][37] The Second Avenue Elevated had one station at 86th Street and Second Avenue—right above the same intersection where the under-construction subway station is located[38]—while the Third Avenue Elevated had two stops on nearby Third Avenue at 84th Street and 89th Street.[39]

Unrealized proposals

As part of the New York City Transit Authority's 1968 Program for Action, the construction of the full-length Second Avenue Subway was proposed. It was to be built in two phases—the first phase from 126th to 34th Streets, the second phase from 34th to Whitehall Streets. This ultimately went unbuilt because of the New York City fiscal crisis of 1975.[40][41]

In 1999, the Regional Plan Association considered a full-length Second Avenue Subway, which include 86th Street as one of its planned 31 stations. The main station entrance would be at 86th Street to the north, with additional exits between 86th and 82nd Streets to the south.[42]

Construction

Tunnel portal at edge of station cavern

In March 2007, the Second Avenue Subway was revived.[8][43][44] The line's first phase, the "first major expansion" to the New York City Subway in more than a half-century,[45] included three stations in total (at 72nd, 86th, and 96th Streets), which collectively cost $4.45 to $4.5 billion.[46][47] Its construction site was designated as being from 105th Street and Second Avenue to 63rd Street and Third Avenue.[48] The MTA awarded a $337 million contract—one that included constructing the tunnels between 92nd and 63rd Streets, building a launch box for the tunnel boring machine (TBM) at 92nd to 95th Streets, and erecting access shafts at 69th and 72nd Streets—to Schiavone Construction, Skanska USA Civil, and J.F. Shea Construction.[49] The line's construction commenced on April 15, 2007,[8][43][50] though planning for the station was finalized in June 2007,[51] when the station entrances' locations were confirmed.[52]

On September 15, 2011, the contract for building the station was awarded to the joint venture of Skanska USA and Traylor Bros Inc.[53][54][55] As of January 17, 2013, the cavern stretching from 83rd to 87th Streets was 57% excavated.[56] By July 2013, construction of the station was 53% complete.[57] The final blast for the 86th Street station was completed for an escalator cavern on November 22, 2013. Skanska/Traylor were still installing waterproofing and steel reinforcement, as well as putting concrete around the underground cavern, entrances, and ancillaries.[58] As of May 2014, entrances 1 and 2 were being built, and excavation was 100% complete;[59] as of December 2014, the station shell was complete, bringing the total Second Avenue Subway project progress to three-fourths completion.[60][61][62]

Station cavern

The station was scheduled to be completed by May 16, 2016,[59] but the estimated completion date was pushed back to October 2016.[63][64] In October 2016, concerns arose that the station might not open on time because workers had only installed 10 of the station's 13 escalators.[65] However, the 86th Street station passed all required systems testing by December 18, 2016.[2] The station opened on January 1, 2017.[2][3]

Effects

Since 2013, construction of the station has caused the value of real estate in the area to rise.[66][67] However, construction has temporarily made the prices of real estate decrease to "affordable" levels.[68] Although the surrounding area's real estate prices had been declining since the 1990s, there had been increases in the purchases and leases of residential units around the area, causing real estate prices to rise again.[69] Some businesses near the station's construction site had also lost profits.[70] With the opening of the new station, business owners hoped to see an increase in patronage.[71][72]

Second Avenue Subway Community Information Center

The Second Avenue Subway Community Information Center, which gives information about Phase I construction to community members, is located nearby, at 1628 Second Avenue between 84th and 85th Streets.[73] It opened on July 25, 2013.[74][75][76] On May 23, 2014, a new exhibit about the construction techniques used to build the Second Avenue Subway, titled "En Route: The Techniques and Technologies Used to Build the Second Avenue Subway", was launched at the center.[77][78] In addition, a train simulator allows visitors to simulate the operation of a Second Avenue Subway train.[79] Throughout the process of construction, the MTA also gave intermittent tours of the construction site to Upper East Side residents with reservations.[80] The center received over 20,000 visitors in three years.[81]

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 "Introducing the Second Avenue Subway Make Second Avenue Q subway service, your first choice". mta.info. Metropolitan Transportation Authority. December 30, 2016. Retrieved December 30, 2016.
  2. 1 2 3 McCowan, Candace (December 31, 2016). "Decades in the making, Second Avenue Subway set to open to the public". ABC7 New York. Retrieved January 1, 2017.
  3. 1 2 Fitzsimmons, Emma G.; Wolfe, Jonathan (January 1, 2017). "Second Avenue Subway Opening: What to Know". The New York Times. Retrieved January 1, 2017.
  4. ↑ "Station Developers' Information". Metropolitan Transportation Authority. Retrieved June 13, 2017.
  5. ↑ "NYC Subway Wireless – Active Stations". Transit Wireless Wifi. Retrieved May 18, 2016.
  6. ↑ "Facts and Figures: Annual Subway Ridership 2012–2017". Metropolitan Transportation Authority. July 12, 2018. Retrieved July 12, 2018.
  7. ↑ "SUB-DIVISION B TRAIN OPERATOR/CONDUCTOR ROAD & NON-ROAD WORK PROGRAMS IN EFFECT: NOVEMBER 6, 2016" (PDF). progressiveaction.info. New York City Transit. July 29, 2016. Retrieved August 19, 2016.
  8. 1 2 3 "Tunneling Begins Under Second Avenue". Metropolitan Transportation Authority. May 14, 2010. Archived from the original on June 6, 2011. Retrieved June 28, 2011.
  9. ↑ Hession, Michael (May 2, 2014). "A Subterranean Stroll Through NYC's Newest Train Tunnel". Gizmodo. Retrieved May 13, 2014.
  10. ↑ Rivoli, Dan (May 1, 2014). "Second Avenue Subway progress: Dec. 2016 end date on track". AM New York. Retrieved May 14, 2014.
  11. ↑ Metropolitan Transportation Authority. "Second Avenue Subway March 2014 Public Workshop Follow-Up Report, page 23" (PDF). Retrieved April 21, 2016.
  12. ↑ "A Tour of NYC's Newest Subway Station With Its Architect". Curbed NY. September 21, 2015. Retrieved September 24, 2015.
  13. ↑ "Second Avenue Subway — Past, Present & Future" (PDF). apta.com. MTA Capital Construction. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 23, 2015.
  14. ↑ Donohue, Pete (August 4, 2006). "Cooler Subways Coming Eventually". Daily News. New York. Archived from the original on October 10, 2007. Retrieved December 12, 2008.
  15. ↑ Roberts, Sam (September 30, 2013). "No Heel Hazards (or Gusts) as Subway Expands". New York Times. New York. Retrieved May 5, 2014.
  16. ↑ Nolan, Caitlin (May 16, 2014). "Second Avenue subway line construction is progressing: officials". NY Daily News. Retrieved May 19, 2014.
  17. ↑ "NEW YORK CITY—Second Avenue Subway: MTA's Second Avenue Station and Tunnels Project" (PDF). Society for Mining, Metallurgy and Exploration.
  18. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Kennedy, Randy (December 19, 2016). "Art Underground: A First Look at the Second Avenue Subway". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved December 19, 2016.
  19. ↑ Ben Yakas (January 22, 2014). "Here's What The Second Avenue Subway Will Look Like When It's Filled With Art". Gothamist. Archived from the original on March 30, 2014. Retrieved May 5, 2014.
  20. ↑ Malone, Noreen (May 14, 2012). "Chuck Close Will Make the Second Avenue Subway Pretty". New York Magazine.
  21. ↑ Mondkar, Bushan (January 22, 2014). "Subway Art on the Future Second Avenue Subway Line Revealed". Untapped Cities. Retrieved May 19, 2014.
  22. 1 2 Warerkar, Tanay (July 7, 2016). "Chuck Close will bring mosaic portraits to the Second Avenue Subway". Curbed NY. Retrieved December 19, 2016.
  23. ↑ "Newsletter February 2012" (PDF). MTA.info. Metropolitan Transportation Authority. February 2012.
  24. 1 2 "MTA Neighborhood Maps: Upper East Side" (PDF). mta.info. Metropolitan Transportation Authority. 2016. Retrieved December 30, 2016.
  25. ↑ "July 2015 Task Force Presentation" (PDF). MTA.info. Metropolitan Transportation Authority. July 2015. p. 36.
  26. ↑ "August 2015 Newsletter" (PDF). MTA.info. Metropolitan Transportation Authority. August 2015.
  27. 1 2 3 "Finding Of No Significant Impact (FONSI): Second Avenue Subway: 72nd Street and 86th Street Station Entrances" (PDF). mta.info. United States Department of Transportation. October 29, 2009. Retrieved December 19, 2016.
  28. 1 2 "Upper East Side Building Sues MTA Over Planned Subway Entrances". DNA Info. February 17, 2011. Archived from the original on May 19, 2014. Retrieved May 19, 2014.
  29. ↑ "Owners and Tenants of Yorkshire Towers Sue to Relocate Planned 86th Street Entrances to Second Avenue Subway". Anderson Kill. February 17, 2011. Archived from the original on May 19, 2014. Retrieved May 19, 2014.
  30. 1 2 Brown, Stephen Rex (March 25, 2013). "UES residents sue MTA over Second Ave Subway entrance". NY Daily News. Retrieved December 19, 2016.
  31. ↑ Yorkshire Towers Company, L.P. et al., v. United States Department of Transportation, et al.', 11 Civ. 1058 (TPG) (S.D.N.Y. December 1, 2011). Text
  32. ↑ Weaver, Shaye (May 16, 2017). "2nd Ave. Subway's 83rd St. Entrance Closed Due to Broken Escalators". DNAinfo New York. Archived from the original on September 12, 2017. Retrieved May 17, 2017.
  33. ↑ "www.nycsubway.org: Second Avenue Subway: The Line That Almost Never Was". nycsubway.org. 1972. Retrieved September 30, 2015.
  34. ↑ Raskin, Joseph B. (November 1, 2013), The Routes Not Taken: A Trip Through New York City's Unbuilt Subway System, Fordham University Press, ISBN 978-0-8232-5369-2
  35. ↑ "IND Second System 1929 Plan". nycsubway.org. Retrieved March 25, 2016.
  36. ↑ "Second Avenue Subway Project – History". October 19, 2002. Archived from the original on October 19, 2002. Retrieved February 15, 2016.
  37. ↑ "Last Train Rumbles On Third Ave. 'El'; An Era Ends With Final Run of Third Avenue 'El' LAST TRAIN ROLLS ON THIRD AVE. 'EL'" (PDF). Retrieved August 23, 2016.
  38. ↑ See:
    • "2nd Avenue El". nycsubway.org. Archived from the original on January 27, 2009. Retrieved January 25, 2009.
    • "Second Avenue Local". Station Reporter. Archived from the original on January 30, 2009. Retrieved January 25, 2009.
  39. ↑ See:
    • "3rd Avenue El". nycsubway.org. Archived from the original on January 27, 2009. Retrieved January 25, 2009.
    • "Third Avenue Local". Station Reporter. Archived from the original on June 9, 2010. Retrieved January 25, 2009.
  40. ↑ "The New York Transit Authority in the 1970s". nycsubway.org. Retrieved October 27, 2016.
  41. ↑ "DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL STATEMENT, SECOND AVENUE SUBWAY, ROUTE 132-A". Urban Mass Transportation Administration. nycsubway.org. August 1971. Retrieved May 22, 2014.
  42. ↑ Metrolink Archived August 2, 2010, at the Wayback Machine., p.20
  43. 1 2 Neuman, William (April 9, 2007). "Is That Finally the Sound of a 2nd Ave. Subway?". The New York Times. Retrieved June 28, 2011.
  44. ↑ "Excavation of West Tunnel for Second Avenue Subway Complete". Metropolitan Transportation Authority. February 4, 2011. Retrieved October 26, 2016.
  45. ↑ "The Second Avenue subway explained". am New York. Retrieved October 27, 2016.
  46. ↑
    • Putzier, Konrad (May 14, 2014). "Real Estate Weekly » Blog Archive » Light at end of tunnel for Second Ave. subway". Rew-online.com. Retrieved June 5, 2014.
    • "Project Update: Second Avenue Subway". Mass Transit. August 15, 2016. Retrieved October 27, 2016.
  47. ↑ "Drone takes tour of NYC's 2nd Avenue subway line". CBS News. September 16, 2015. Retrieved October 27, 2016.
  48. ↑ Nonko, Emily (January 30, 2014). "Updates on NYC's Biggest Subway Projects: Second Avenue and East Side Access". NewYork.com. Archived from the original on May 17, 2014. Retrieved June 5, 2014.
  49. ↑ "Top Projects" (PDF). NY Construction. p. 1.
  50. ↑ "Excavation of West Tunnel for Second Avenue Subway Complete". Metropolitan Transportation Authority. February 4, 2011. Retrieved June 28, 2011.
  51. ↑ Rubinstein, Dana (October 23, 2013). "Where is the Second Avenue Subway going?". Capital New York. Retrieved May 15, 2014.
  52. ↑ "86th Street Station Entrance at 86th Street" (PDF). Metropolitan Transportation Authority. June 26, 2007. Retrieved October 27, 2016.
  53. ↑ "MTA Awards Contract to Build 2nd Ave Subway Station at 86th St". MTA.info. September 15, 2011. Retrieved September 15, 2011.
  54. ↑ "Skanksa JV set to build Second Avenue's 86th St. station :: Second Ave. Sagas". Second Avenue Sagas. Retrieved May 19, 2014.
  55. ↑ Zimmer, Amy (September 15, 2011). "Construction to Start on Second Avenue Subway's 86th Street Station". DNAinfo New York. Archived from the original on June 16, 2013. Retrieved December 19, 2016.
  56. ↑ "February 2013 Newsletter" (PDF). MTA.info. Metropolitan Transportation Authority. February 2013.
  57. ↑ "VIDEO: Construction of Second Ave. subway at 86th St. chugging along in NYC". NY Daily News. July 11, 2013. Retrieved May 19, 2014.
  58. ↑ "MTA | news | Second Avenue Subway Reaches Major Milestones". MTA.info. Retrieved May 19, 2014.
  59. 1 2 "May 2014 Newsletter" (PDF). MTA.info. Metropolitan Transportation Authority. May 2014.
  60. ↑ Hawkins, Andrew J. (December 18, 2014). "Second Avenue subway's first phase is 76% done". Crain's. Retrieved December 19, 2014.
  61. ↑ "Second Avenue Subway Hits Key Milestone With Completion Of 86th Street Station Shell". CBS New York. December 18, 2014. Retrieved December 19, 2014.
  62. ↑ "Second Avenue Subway Station Shell at 86th Street Complete". Metropolitan Transportation Authority. December 18, 2014. Retrieved October 27, 2016.
  63. ↑ "April 2015 Newsletter" (PDF). MTA.info. Metropolitan Transportation Authority. April 2015.
  64. ↑ "March 2015 report from Transit & Bus Committee" (PDF). MTA.info. Metropolitan Transportation Authority. March 2015. p. 149. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 4, 2015.
  65. ↑ Fitzsimmons, Emma G. (October 26, 2016). "2 Stations on New 2nd Avenue Line May Not be Ready by December". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved October 27, 2016.
  66. ↑ "Shops along Second Ave. subway line construction sites want big bucks in 2014". NY Daily News. January 7, 2014. Retrieved May 5, 2014.
  67. ↑ Acitelli, Tom (March 1, 2014). "Upper East Side sees boost from Second Avenue subway progress". The Real Deal. Retrieved May 13, 2014.
  68. ↑ Gross, Max (October 24, 2013). "Makeover time along the East River". New York Post. Retrieved May 19, 2014.
  69. ↑ Hughes, C.J. (April 8, 2016). "Yorkville Bets on the Second Avenue Subway". The New York Times. Retrieved April 13, 2016.
  70. ↑ Schlossberg, Tatiana (October 2, 2014). "Promise of New Subways Has West Siders Excited and East Siders Skeptical". The New York Times. Retrieved October 26, 2014.
  71. ↑ "Businesses hope for boost with 2nd Avenue subway launch". ABC7 New York. December 20, 2016. Retrieved December 23, 2016.
  72. ↑ Barone, Vincent (December 20, 2016). "UES community, officials excited for 2nd Ave. subway". am New York. Retrieved December 23, 2016.
  73. ↑ "mta.info | Capital Programs Second Avenue Subway". MTA.info. Retrieved May 19, 2014.
  74. ↑ "MTA | news | MTA Opens Second Avenue Subway Community Information Center". MTA.info. July 25, 2013. Retrieved May 19, 2014.
  75. ↑ "MTA Opens Second Avenue Subway Community Information Center". DNA Info. July 26, 2013. Archived from the original on May 19, 2014. Retrieved May 19, 2014.
  76. ↑ "MTA Unveils Second Avenue Subway Information Center On Upper East Side". CBS New York. July 25, 2013. Retrieved May 19, 2014.
  77. ↑ "MTA Second Avenue Subway Launches New Exhibit: En Route: The Techniques and Technologies Used to Build the Second Avenue Subway". Metropolitan Transportation Authority. May 23, 2014. Retrieved October 26, 2016.
  78. ↑ "670 Feet Under: The Second Avenue Subway and 5 More Mega-Projects – Architizer". Architizer. Retrieved September 16, 2014.
  79. ↑ "June 2015 Newsletter" (PDF). MTA.info. Metropolitan Transportation Authority. June 2015.
  80. ↑ Kanno-Youngs, Zolan (June 19, 2016). "Sneaking a Peek at the Second Avenue Subway Line". WSJ. Retrieved June 20, 2016.
  81. ↑ "Information center opening in May for next phase of Second Avenue Subway". New York's PIX11 / WPIX-TV. April 25, 2017. Retrieved April 25, 2017.
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