2017 vote of no confidence in the government of Mariano Rajoy

2017 vote of no confidence in the government of Mariano Rajoy
Date 13–14 June 2017
Location Congress of Deputies, Spain
Cause The unveiling of a massive string of corruption scandals affecting the People's Party (PP)
Participants
Outcome Motion rejected

A vote of no confidence in the Spanish People's Party Government of Mariano Rajoy was announced on 27 April 2017 and held on 13–14 June. The motion of no confidence was formally registered on 19 May by Unidos Podemos after a massive corruption case involving high-ranking PP officials unveiled maneuvers from the Rajoy government to influence the judicial system in order to cover-up the scandal.[1][2] This was the third vote of no confidence held in Spain since the country's transition to democracy, after the unsuccessful 1980 and 1987 no confidence votes.[3] Votes of no confidence in Spain are constructive, meaning that confidence from a Prime Minister may only be withdrawn if a positive majority for a prospective successor exists. Opposition parties PSOE, Ciudadanos and PNV announced their opposition to any candidate proposed by Podemos, meaning that the motion was unlikely to succeed.[4][5]

The motion was defeated on 14 June 2017, gathering the support of Unidos Podemos, Compromís, ERC and EH Bildu (for a total of 82 favourable votes), the opposition of PP, Ciudadanos, UPN, CCa and FAC (170 votes against) and the abstentions of PSOE, PDeCAT, PNV and NCa (97).[6]

This was the first motion of no confidence to be registered in Spain by a parliamentary group different than one of the two largest ones.[7]

Background

The motion of no confidence was tabled after a massive string of scandals shook Mariano Rajoy's party and government.

The Second Rajoy Government was sworn into office on 31 October 2016, after a ten-month political deadlock and two general elections and the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party's (PSOE) decision not to block Mariano Rajoy's investiture bid. However, the resulting government was a minority one, and throughout the ensuing months it struggled to get its bills passed into law.[8] Furthermore, the ruling People's Party (PP) came under increasing political pressure after a political scandal in Murcia forced regional President Pedro Antonio Sánchez to resign, having been accused of several corruption crimes.[9]

In April 2017, after only five months into its term, the PP was shaken by a succession of events that smashed attempts to relaunch the party's image. Just as Prime Minister Rajoy was called to testify as witness at the Gürtel graft trial, a new, massive case of alleged corruption was unveiled (dubbed as "Lezo"), joining the already ongoing investigations into the Púnica and Gürtel scandals. Operation Lezo resulted in the arrest of former President of the Community of Madrid Ignacio González, who was accused of diverting millions of euros from the public treasury into tax havens and to pay off his party's debts during his tenure as regional premier.[10][11][12] The scope of the new scandal reached heights never seen in Spanish politics before. Several companies (namely OHL, PricewaterhouseCoopers, Indra and Canal de Isabel II, among others), suspect of having illegally financed the Madrilenian PP, had their headquarters in Spain registered by the police in search of incriminating documentation.[13] Party veteran and former González's boss Esperanza Aguirre resigned from her remaining political offices after seeing many of her former close advisers imprisoned or accused.[14][15]

PP veteran Esperanza Aguirre was forced out from politics after her former protégé Ignacio González came involved in the Lezo scandal.

The leaking of a series of recordings that involved González and various high-ranking PP and government officials—including former President of the Valencian Government Eduardo Zaplana and Justice Minister Rafael Catalá—unveiled a plot from the Interior and Justice ministries to cover-up the scandal, seriously putting judicial independence in Spain into question.[16][17][18] In one of the leaked recordings, González pointed to a tape that would allegedly show Rajoy receiving bribes from a businessman, and that this would have been used by Intereconomía CEO Julio Ariza in the past to blackmail him.[19] Concurrently, the anti-corruption chief prosecutor, Manuel Moix—revealed by police wiretaps to have been favoured for the job by Ignacio González before his appointment in February 2017—was accused of trying to stop investigations into the PP graft accusations.[20][21] José Antonio Nieto, Secretary of State for Security—Juan Ignacio Zoido's deputy in the Interior Ministry—came under pressure after he was accused of revealing details of the ongoing investigations to González's brother in a private meeting held on 8 March 2017.[22][23]

By mid-May, the string of scandals had splattered Cristina Cifuentes, incumbent President of Madrid, who was accused by the Civil Guard of having been involved in the contract awarding procedures that led to her party's illegal financing between 2007 and 2012.[24] By this time, it was also concluded that Esperanza Aguirre had won the 2007 and 2011 regional elections unfairly, with her campaign budgets well above those legally declared, through a system that "hurted political pluralism". Allegedly, these illegal funds would also have been used in Mariano Rajoy's bid for premiership in the 2008 general election.[25][26] Suspicions of embezzlement in the Community of Madrid reached as far back as 2001, during Alberto Ruiz-Gallardón's premiership, whose cabinet at the time was put under investigation by the Civil Guard.[27][28] In the meantime, a separate investigation by the National Police into the ongoing scandals involving the family of former President of the Government of Catalonia Jordi Pujol linked former Labour Minister Manuel Pimentel and Ignacio López del Hierro, husband of María Dolores de Cospedal—incumbent Defence Minister and PP Secretary General—to another corruption plot in Africa, with connections to the Lezo Operation.[29]

As a result of the scandals, and Rajoy's refusal to take any action despite opposition calls, Unidos Podemos members—comprising Podemos, United Left, En Comú Podem and En Marea—announced that they would table a motion of no confidence and would request support from PSOE and other parties.[4][20] The rivalries between the opposition parties, however, meant that the initiative was unlikely to succeed: PSOE rejected to support the motion and accused Podemos leader Pablo Iglesias of "bad faith" and of interfering within the party's ongoing leadership primary election, whereas Ciudadanos—on which the Rajoy government relied for confidence and supply support—labeled the move as "circus". The Basque Nationalist Party also voiced its opposition to the maneuver.[5] Nonetheless, the Socialists were put in a difficult situation, as opposing the motion would see them rallying behind Rajoy's government amid the ongoing scandals and at a time when they were still without a leader, after the party crisis that led to Pedro Sánchez's resignation and Rajoy's investiture in October 2016.[30]

Motion

Registration

Logo used by Podemos to promote the motion.

The Spanish Constitution of 1978 required for motions of no confidence to be proposed by, at least, "one tenth of deputies"—35 out of 350—and to include "a candidate for the Presidency of the Government". For a motion of no confidence to be successful, it had to be voted favourably by at least an absolute majority (176) in the Congress of Deputies. The vote could not be held until at least five days after the motion's registration, but the law allowed for other parties to fill in alternative motions within the first two days.[31][32]

On 19 May 2017, Unidos Podemos formally registered a no confidence motion against Mariano Rajoy, moved by the group's spokesperson in Congress, Irene Montero, and 36 other deputies, with Pablo Iglesias as the party's candidate. The text of the motion opened with the following considerations:[33]

Podemos candidate Pablo Iglesias invited the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party to an agreement, but acknowledged that the initiative was likely going to be defeated. Iglesias claimed that he knew he would not "come out as Prime Minister from this vote of no confidence, but it is my responsibility" and reported that "this motion will serve to mark a before and an after and to demonstrate that there is a real alternative to the PP".[34] Nonetheless, Iglesias acknowledged that the move was not without "enormous risks", as while previous motions of no confidence were also defeated, the one in 1980 was successful in promoting the figure of Felipe González—leading him to win the 1982 election in a landslide—whereas the one in 1987 signaled the twilight of Antonio Hernández Mancha's political career.[35] The motion promoters held a demonstration in Puerta del Sol, Madrid, on 20 May, where thousands gathered in support of the initiative.[36][37][38]

Support

Compromís enthusiastically welcomed the motion and announced their support to Unidos Podemos.[39] Republican Left of Catalonia (ERC) was sympathetic to the initiative, but conditioned it on Podemos supporting an independence referendum to be held in Catalonia.[40][41] This same condition was demanded by the Catalan European Democratic Party (PDeCAT), which nonetheless remained more skeptical and argued that they would "evaluate the 'pros and cons'" of supporting the motion before taking a decision.[42][43] EH Bildu showed their willingness to support the initiative if Podemos reassured their commitment to the "right to decide", which they already contemplated in their election manifesto.[44] The motion also received the support of trade unions UGT and CCOO, which voiced their "disappointment and sadness" with opposition parties not backing it.[45][46]

The PSOE initially announced that they would vote against the motion, arguing that it was a "disrespect" and that it was designed to interfere with the party's primary election, scheduled for 21 May.[47][48] All three candidates for the party leadership—Susana Díaz, Pedro Sánchez and Patxi López—rejected Podemos' move.[49] Interim PSOE President Javier Fernández put down Iglesias attempts to agree a meeting with him to discuss his initiative, despite Podemos offering PSOE to propose their own candidate instead.[50][51] Citizens (Cs) ruled out supporting the motion and dubbed it as a "circus number",[5] whereas the PP mocked the initiative as an "absurdity".[52] PP electoral partners, Navarrese People's Union (UPN) and Asturias Forum (FAC), were expected to oppose the motion, whereas Canarian Coalition (CCa) and New Canaries (NCa) hinted at their rejection as well.[53] The Basque Nationalist Party (PNV) dubbed the initiative as "an absolute awkwardness" and criticized Podemos for announcing the motion without speaking it with the rest of parties first, but did not rule out to enter negotiations to support it.[54]

On 21 May, after Pedro Sánchez's sudden re-election as PSOE leader, a new political scenario arose. During the leadership election campaign, Sánchez had hinted at registering a future motion of no confidence on Rajoy, but left it clear that he would not support Iglesias' one, as Unidos Podemos commanded fewer seats than the Socialist Party.[55] However, on 22 May, Pablo Iglesias offered Sánchez to withdraw Podemos' motion on the condition that the PSOE registered its own instead, with Sánchez as candidate.[56] However, the PSOE hinted at abstaining from the vote instead,[57] a position which was confirmed on 7 June on the grounds that, while the party agreed with the motivations behind the motion, it did not with the way in which it was brought forward.[58] Some commented that, actually, Sánchez was in agreement of the motion but was privately upset that the initiative was not his, and it was said that he had plans to table a motion of no confidence of his own by the end of 2017, awaiting in the meantime to take full control over his party.[59][60]

Concurrently, the parliamentary debate and the vote on the motion were scheduled to be held from 13 June.[61]

Opinion polls

Opinion on the motion of no confidence
Polling firm/Commissioner Fieldwork date Sample size Support Reject Neither Question
Invymark/laSexta[62] 5–9 Jun 2017 ? 50.0 45.2 N/A 4.8
Metroscopia/El País[63] 29 May–1 Jun 2017 2,599 46.0 51.0 N/A 3.0
Sigma Dos/El Mundo[64] 8–10 May 2017 1,200 31.7 41.0 18.5 8.9
Invymark/laSexta[65] 2–5 May 2017 ? 47.8 47.0 N/A 5.2

Debate

The debate on the motion of no confidence started on 13 June at 9:00 UTC with a two-hour-long speech by Unidos Podemos spokesperson, Irene Montero, and was followed by a surprise intervention from Prime Minister Mariano Rajoy, who had been widely expected not to participate in the debate. Pablo Iglesias' speech as candidate followed shortly thereafter, with both Rajoy and Iglesias staging a parliamentary duel which lasted for hours.[66][67] Rajoy claimed that "a government of Iglesias would be a punishment for Spain",[68] whereas Iglesias reminded the PP about their corruption scandals and offered the PSOE an alliance in the future to bring the PP government down.[69] The new PSOE spokesperson, José Luis Ábalos, announced that the PSOE would abstain and that the motion "would not succeed" because "numbers don't add up". He, however, thanked Iglesias "on his tone" and "picked up [Iglesias'] invitation" for an understanding, but did not clarify whether Pedro Sánchez would try a motion of his own in the foreseeable future.[70]

ERC's spokesperson Joan Tardá praised Iglesias for his initiative and announced his party's support to the motion,[71] whereas EH Bildu announced a 'critical yes' on the grounds that it was "a priority to evict the most corrupt party in Europe from government" while demanding Iglesias his full support to the right of self-determination.[72]

Vote

Motion of no confidence
Pablo Iglesias Turrión (Podemos)
Ballot → 14 June 2017
Required majority → 176 out of 350 ☒
82 / 350
170 / 350
97 / 350
1 / 350
Sources[73]

Aftermath

As expected, the motion was defeated on 14 June 2017, having gathered the support of Unidos Podemos, Compromís, ERC and EH Bildu for a total of 82 favourable votes and 170 against.[6] However, during the debate both Unidos Podemos and PSOE hinted at the possibility of a future understanding that could see them both working in a joint motion.[74] Such an invitation was offered by Iglesias who, during a reply to PSOE's spokesperson José Luis Ábalos, stated that Podemos would "commit [themselves] with the new PSOE in search of an alternative majority" and urged the Socialists to "work together during the summer to negotiate a motion of no confidence".[75]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Torres, Diego (18 May 2017). "Spain's never-ending corruption problem". Politico. Retrieved 19 May 2017.
  2. ↑ Riveiro, Aitor (19 May 2017). "Irene Montero: "Las fuerzas que voten 'no' a la moción de censura estarán sosteniendo al Gobierno"". eldiario.es (in Spanish). Retrieved 19 May 2017.
  3. ↑ Rodríguez Arroyo, Jorge (27 April 2017). "La moción de censura de Podemos, la tercera de la democracia". El País (in Spanish). Madrid. Retrieved 19 May 2017.
  4. 1 2 Torres, Diego (27 April 2017). "Podemos divides opposition with Rajoy no-confidence motion". Politico. Retrieved 19 May 2017.
  5. 1 2 3 Garea, Fernando; Díez, Anabel (27 April 2017). "PSOE, Ciudadanos y PNV rechazan la moción de censura que propone Podemos". El País (in Spanish). Madrid. Retrieved 19 May 2017.
  6. 1 2 Garea, Fernando (14 June 2017). "Iglesias pierde la moción de censura y solo suma a ERC, Bildu y Compromís". El País (in Spanish). Madrid. Retrieved 14 June 2017.
  7. ↑ Rodríguez-Pina, Gloria (27 April 2017). "Qué es una moción de censura y por qué no prosperará la de Podemos". El País (in Spanish). Madrid. Retrieved 19 May 2017.
  8. ↑ "El Congreso tumba por primera vez un decreto ley del PP al derribar la reforma de la estiba". Europa Press (in Spanish). Madrid. 16 March 2017. Retrieved 19 May 2017.
  9. ↑ García, Luis (4 April 2017). "Dimite el presidente de Murcia Pedro Antonio Sánchez". La Vanguardia (in Spanish). Retrieved 19 May 2017.
  10. ↑ Casqueiro, Javier (20 April 2017). "Spanish PM Rajoy on the ropes as corruption scandals hit ruling party". El País. Madrid. Retrieved 19 May 2017.
  11. ↑ Recuero, Marisa (21 April 2017). "La trama de González desvió 23,3 millones de "dinero madrileño" a cuentas en paraísos fiscales". El Mundo (in Spanish). Madrid. Retrieved 19 May 2017.
  12. ↑ Urreiztieta, Esteban (22 April 2017). "Ignacio González "saneó" el PP con dinero público coincidiendo con su llegada a la Presidencia en Madrid". El Mundo (in Spanish). Madrid. Retrieved 19 May 2017.
  13. ↑ "La UCO busca en OHL, Price Waterhouse Cooper, Indra y otras empresas pruebas de la posible financiación ilegal del PP". laSexta (in Spanish). 20 April 2017. Retrieved 19 May 2017.
  14. ↑ Casqueiro, Javier (24 April 2017). "Former Madrid PP leader resigns over latest corruption scandal". El País. Madrid. Retrieved 19 May 2017.
  15. ↑ Casqueiro, Javier (25 April 2017). "Has Spain finally seen the last of Esperanza Aguirre?". El País. Madrid. Retrieved 19 May 2017.
  16. ↑ Águeda, Pedro (25 April 2017). "Las grabaciones a Ignacio González evidencian las maniobras del PP para quitar y poner jueces y fiscales". eldiario.es (in Spanish). Retrieved 19 May 2017.
  17. ↑ "El SMS de Rafael Catalá a Ignacio González en 2016: "Ojalá se cierren pronto los líos"". El Mundo (in Spanish). Madrid. 25 April 2017. Retrieved 19 May 2017.
  18. ↑ Hernández, Marisol (25 April 2017). "El ministro del Interior revela que Ignacio González le telefoneó y le pidió tomarse un café". El Mundo (in Spanish). Madrid. Retrieved 19 May 2017.
  19. ↑ "Rajoy habría sufrido un chantaje: así lo revelan las conversaciones entre Ignacio González y Zaplana del caso Lezo". laSexta (in Spanish). 12 May 2017. Retrieved 20 May 2017.
  20. 1 2 Jones, Sam (1 May 2017). "Podemos to table no-confidence vote against Mariano Rajoy amid corruption scandal". The Guardian. Madrid. Retrieved 19 May 2017.
  21. ↑ Keeley, Graham (2 May 2017). "Anti-corruption chief got top job after fraud suspect put in a good word". The Times. Madrid. Retrieved 19 May 2017.
  22. ↑ Vázquez, Ángeles (22 April 2017). "El hermano de Ignacio González se reunió con el número dos de Interior tras saberse investigado". El Periódico de Catalunya (in Spanish). Madrid. Retrieved 20 May 2017.
  23. ↑ Vázquez, Ángeles (9 May 2017). "La fiscalía sospecha de Interior en el chivatazo a Ignacio González". El Periódico de Catalunya (in Spanish). Madrid. Retrieved 20 May 2017.
  24. ↑ Águeda, Pedro; Pinheiro, Marcos; Precedo, José (16 May 2017). "La Guardia Civil implica a Cifuentes en la financiación irregular del PP de Madrid". eldiario.es (in Spanish). Retrieved 19 May 2017.
  25. ↑ Águeda, Pedro; Precedo, José; Pinheiro, Marcos (16 May 2017). "La Guardia Civil concluye que Esperanza Aguirre ganó dos elecciones haciendo trampas". eldiario.es (in Spanish). Retrieved 19 May 2017.
  26. ↑ Olmo, José María; Parera, Beatriz; Fernández, David (17 May 2017). "Rajoy se presentó a las generales de 2008 con 685.000€ en B pagados por la trama Púnica". El Confidencial (in Spanish). Retrieved 19 May 2017.
  27. ↑ "El Canal de Isabel II desvió 83 millones a Panamá en la compra de la colombiana Inassa en la época de Gallardón". laSexta (in Spanish). 9 May 2017. Retrieved 20 May 2017.
  28. ↑ Fernández, David; Parera, Beatriz; Olmo, José María (20 May 2017). "La UCO investiga a todo el Gobierno de Gallardón de 2001: Cortés, Cobo, Calvo..." El Confidencial (in Spanish). Retrieved 20 May 2017.
  29. ↑ Águeda, Pedro; Precedo, José (19 May 2017). "La UDEF vincula al marido de Cospedal con la red de los Pujol en África dentro de una trama que desvió 92 millones". eldiario.es (in Spanish). Retrieved 20 May 2017.
  30. ↑ Buck, Tobias (27 April 2017). "Spain's far-left opposition calls no-confidence vote in PM Rajoy". Financial Times. Madrid. Retrieved 20 May 2017.
  31. ↑ "¿Cómo funciona una moción de censura en España?". laSexta (in Spanish). 27 April 2017. Retrieved 20 May 2017.
  32. ↑ "Así funciona una moción de censura en España". Antena 3 (in Spanish). 27 April 2017. Retrieved 20 May 2017.
  33. ↑ "DOCUMENTO - La moción de censura de Unidos Podemos a Mariano Rajoy". eldiario.es (in Spanish). 19 May 2017. Retrieved 20 May 2017.
  34. ↑ Gil, Andrés; Riveiro, Aitor (19 May 2017). "Entrevista - Pablo Iglesias: "No nos da miedo el PP. Si otros se dejan intimidar o comprar, que lo digan"". eldiario.es (in Spanish). Retrieved 20 May 2017.
  35. ↑ García de Blas, Elsa (19 May 2017). "Iglesias admite los "enormes riesgos" de presentar una moción que no va a prosperar". El País (in Spanish). Madrid. Retrieved 20 May 2017.
  36. ↑ "Podemos espera llenar Sol esta tarde y calcula la llegada de unos 50 autobuses de toda España". Europa Press (in Spanish). Madrid. 20 May 2017. Retrieved 20 May 2017.
  37. ↑ Mateo, Laura (20 May 2017). "Unidos Podemos exhibe en la Puerta del Sol el apoyo de sus simpatizantes a la moción de censura". El Mundo (in Spanish). Retrieved 20 May 2017.
  38. ↑ Lardiés, Alberto (20 May 2017). "Podemos abarrota la Puerta del Sol en la concentración de apoyo a la moción de censura". El Español (in Spanish). Retrieved 20 May 2017.
  39. ↑ "Compromís estará "encantado" de apoyar moción de censura para quitar a Rajoy". Agencia EFE (in Spanish). Madrid. 27 April 2017. Retrieved 20 May 2017.
  40. ↑ Agencia EFE (28 April 2017). "Rufián, sobre la moción de censura: por ERC no será, si no hay trabas a referéndum". eldiario.es (in Spanish). Barcelona. Retrieved 20 May 2017.
  41. ↑ "ERC insiste: Sólo apoyará la moción de censura de Podemos si hay referéndum catalán". Europa Press (in Spanish). Madrid. 19 May 2017. Retrieved 20 May 2017.
  42. ↑ Agencias (14 May 2017). "El PDeCAT evaluará los "pros y contras" de la moción de censura de Podemos". La Vanguardia (in Spanish). Barcelona. Retrieved 20 May 2017.
  43. ↑ Agencia EFE (15 May 2017). "El PDECat condiciona su voto a la moción de censura a que Podemos apoye un referéndum no pactado". eldiario.es (in Spanish). Barcelona. Retrieved 20 May 2017.
  44. ↑ Carvajal, Álvaro (3 May 2017). "Podemos encarrila el apoyo de Bildu a su moción de censura". El Mundo (in Spanish). Madrid. Retrieved 20 May 2017.
  45. ↑ Riveiro, Aitor (28 April 2017). "CCOO y UGT apoyan la moción de censura de Unidos Podemos contra Mariano Rajoy". eldiario.es (in Spanish). Retrieved 20 May 2017.
  46. ↑ "CCOO y UGT ven adecuada una moción de censura de Podemos contra Rajoy". elEconomista.es (in Spanish). Madrid. 1 May 2017. Retrieved 20 May 2017.
  47. ↑ Sánchez, Manuel (27 April 2017). "El PSOE votará "no" a la moción de censura que presentará Podemos". Público (in Spanish). Madrid. Retrieved 20 May 2017.
  48. ↑ Castro, Irene (19 May 2017). "El PSOE denuncia que la moción de censura de Pablo Iglesias es "intrusismo al más puro estilo Putin"". eldiario.es (in Spanish). Retrieved 20 May 2017.
  49. ↑ Clemente, Enrique (2 May 2017). "Los tres candidatos a liderar el PSOE hacen frente común contra Pablo Iglesias". La Voz de Galicia (in Spanish). Madrid. Retrieved 20 May 2017.
  50. ↑ Mármol, Iolanda (28 April 2017). "Pablo Iglesias pide al PSOE que presente candidato a presidente". El Periódico de Catalunya (in Spanish). Madrid. Retrieved 20 May 2017.
  51. ↑ Díez, Anabel; García de Blas, Elsa (3 May 2017). "El presidente de la gestora del PSOE rechaza la moción de censura de Podemos y pide una relación "más sincera"". El País (in Spanish). Madrid. Retrieved 20 May 2017.
  52. ↑ Europa Press (19 May 2017). "El PP ve en la moción de censura contra Rajoy "un numerito más" de Pablo Iglesias". eldiario.es (in Spanish). Almería. Retrieved 20 May 2017.
  53. ↑ "La moción de censura de Podemos sólo suma el apoyo de Compromís y la receptividad de ERC y PDeCAT". Europa Press (in Spanish). Madrid. 27 April 2017. Retrieved 20 May 2017.
  54. ↑ Europa Press (20 May 2017). "PNV niega que, con su pacto con PP, haya "apuntalado a Rajoy", y dice que la única forma de acabar con él es la censura". El Periódico de Catalunya (in Spanish). Bilbao. Retrieved 20 May 2017.
  55. ↑ "Sánchez no descarta una moción de censura pero no apoyará la de Iglesias: "Quien lidera la oposición es el PSOE"". Europa Press (in Spanish). Madrid. 20 May 2017. Retrieved 22 May 2017.
  56. ↑ Sanz, Luis Ángel; Carvajal, Álvaro (22 May 2017). "Pablo Iglesias llama a Pedro Sánchez y le explica su moción de censura, que retirará si el PSOE presenta otra ya". El Mundo (in Spanish). Madrid. Retrieved 22 May 2017.
  57. ↑ Sanz, Luis Ángel (30 May 2017). "El PSOE apunta a la abstención en la moción de censura de Podemos". El Mundo (in Spanish). Madrid. Retrieved 14 June 2017.
  58. ↑ Díez, Anabel (7 June 2017). "El PSOE decide abstenerse en la moción de Iglesias contra Rajoy". El País (in Spanish). Madrid. Retrieved 14 June 2017.
  59. ↑ Obregón, Carmen (24 May 2017). "La Gestora del PSOE y el PP creen que Sánchez presentará una moción de censura contra Rajoy en otoño". elEconomista.es (in Spanish). Retrieved 14 June 2017.
  60. ↑ Riaño, Miguel (25 May 2017). "Pedro Sánchez y su núcleo duro, partidarios de abstenerse en las mociones de censura". El Independiente (in Spanish). Retrieved 14 June 2017.
  61. ↑ Fernando, Garea (23 May 2017). "El Congreso debatirá la moción de censura de Podemos el 13 de junio". El País (in Spanish). Madrid. Retrieved 24 May 2017.
  62. ↑ "Irene Montero hará la crítica más dura a Rajoy en la moción de censura con un Pablo Iglesias haciendo propuestas". laSexta (in Spanish). 12 June 2017.
  63. ↑ "El PSOE recupera la segunda posición en intención de voto". El País (in Spanish). 4 June 2017.
  64. ↑ "El 41% rechaza la moción de censura de Podemos". El Mundo (in Spanish). 15 May 2017.
  65. ↑ "Empate los que están a favor de la moción de censura de Podemos contra Rajoy y quienes están en contra". laSexta (in Spanish). 6 May 2017.
  66. ↑ Juliana, Enric (13 June 2017). "Podemos se eleva, Rajoy acepta el envite". La Vanguardia (in Spanish). Madrid. Retrieved 14 June 2017.
  67. ↑ Moreno, José Manuel; Cardenal, Alfonso (13 June 2017). "Rajoy se ve legitimado por las urnas frente a la España corrupta que dibuja Podemos". Cadena SER (in Spanish). Madrid. Retrieved 14 June 2017.
  68. ↑ Mayor Ortega, Leonor (13 June 2017). "Rajoy: "Un gobierno de Iglesias sería un castigo para España"". La Vanguardia (in Spanish). Madrid. Retrieved 14 June 2017.
  69. ↑ Mayor Ortega, Leonor (13 June 2017). "Pablo Iglesias tiende la mano al PSOE para "sacar del Gobierno al PP"". La Vanguardia (in Spanish). Madrid. Retrieved 14 June 2017.
  70. ↑ Castro, Irene (14 June 2017). "José Luis Ábalos: "Agradezco el tono y recojo la invitación, pero la moción no va a prosperar"". eldiario.es (in Spanish). Retrieved 14 June 2017.
  71. ↑ Mayor Ortega, Leonor (13 June 2017). "Tardà celebra que Podemos crea "en la desobediencia ante la tiranía"". La Vanguardia (in Spanish). Madrid. Retrieved 14 June 2017.
  72. ↑ EFE (13 June 2017). "EH Bildu apoya a Iglesias pero le exige que defienda el referéndum unilateral". La Vanguardia (in Spanish). Madrid. Retrieved 14 June 2017.
  73. ↑ "Congress of Deputies: Most important votes". historiaelectoral.com (in Spanish). Electoral History. Retrieved 28 September 2017.
  74. ↑ Cortizo, Gonzalo (14 June 2017). "Fracasa la moción de censura contra Rajoy mientras Iglesias piensa ya en la siguiente". eldiario.es (in Spanish). Retrieved 14 June 2017.
  75. ↑ Riveiro, Aitor (14 June 2017). "Pablo Iglesias emplaza al PSOE a "trabajar una moción de censura en verano" para echar al PP". eldiario.es (in Spanish). Retrieved 14 June 2017.
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