1812 in the United States

1812 in the United States
Years 1810 1811 1812 1813 1814
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The following is a partial list of events from the year 1812 in the United States. After years of increasing tensions, the United States declares war on the British Empire, starting the War of 1812.

Results from the 1812 U.S. presidential election

Incumbents

Events

April–June

The original "Gerrymander"

• April 4 – U.S. President James Madison enacts a 90-day embargo on trade with the United Kingdom.
• April 20 – George Clinton, Vice President of the United States, dies in office.
• April 30 – Louisiana is admitted as the 18th U.S. state (see History of Louisiana).
• June 1 – War of 1812: U.S. President James Madison asks the U.S. Congress to declare war on Great Britain.
• June 4 – Following Louisiana's admittance as a U.S. state, the territory created by that name is renamed the Missouri Territory.
• June 18 – The War of 1812 begins between the United States and the British Empire.

July–September

August 19: USS Constitution sinks HMS Guerriere

• July 12 – Americans invade Canada at Windsor, Ontario.
• August 5 – War of 1812: Tecumseh's Indian force ambushes Thomas Van Horne's 200 Americans at Brownstone Creek, causing them to flee and retreat.
• August 15 – War of 1812: Battle of Fort Dearborn – Potawatomi warriors overrun the U.S. fort in Illinois Territory.
• August 16 – War of 1812: American General William Hull surrenders Fort Detroit without a fight to the British Army.
• August 19 – War of 1812, USS Constitution vs HMS Guerriere: The USS Constitution defeats the British frigate HMS Guerriere off the coast of Nova Scotia. The British shot is said to have bounced off the Constitution's sides, earning her the nickname "Old Ironsides".

Births

• January 2 – Augustus C. Dodge, United States Senator from Iowa from 1848 to 1855 (died 1883)
• January 10 – Joshua Hill, United States Senator from Georgia from 1871 to 1873 (died 1891)
• February 11 – Alexander H. Stephens, the only Vice President of the Confederate States of America (died 1883)
• February 22 – John B. Weller, United States Senator from California from 1852 to 1857 (died 1875)
• February 15 – Charles Lewis Tiffany, founder of Tiffany & Co. (died 1902)
• February 16 – Henry Wilson, 18th Vice President of the United States from 1873 to 1875 (died 1875)
• March 11 – James Speed, U.S. Attorney General from 1864 to 1866 under Presidents Abraham Lincoln and Andrew Johnson (died 1887)
• March 12 – Isaac P. Christiancy, Chief Justice of the Michigan Supreme Court and U.S. Senator from Michigan from 1875 to 1879 (died 1890)
• March 13 – James E. English, United States Senator from Connecticut from 1875 to 1876 (died 1890)
• March 22 – Stephen Pearl Andrews, anarchist and proponent of pantarchy (died 1886)
• April 2 – Susan May Williams, railroad heiress who married a nephew of Emperor Napoleon I (died 1881)
• April 16 – Sarah Harris Fayerweather, African-American whose 1832 admission to a Connecticut school resulted in the first integrated schoolhouse (died 1878)
• May 4 – John W. Stevenson, United States Senator from Kentucky from 1871 to 1877 (died 1886)
• May 6 – Martin Delany, African-American abolitionist, journalist, and physician (died 1885)
• May 17 – Elias Nelson Conway, 5th Governor of Arkansas from 1852 to 1860 (died 1892)
• May 30 – John Alexander McClernand, lawyer, politician, and Union General during the American Civil War (died 1900)
• July 27 – Thomas Lanier Clingman, North Carolina congressman, senator, and confederate general (died 1897)
• July 30 – Harrison Ludington, 13th Governor of Wisconsin from 1876 to 1878 (died 1891)
• August 11 – Joseph Projectus Machebeuf, French-American Catholic missionary and the first Bishop of Denver (died 1889)
• August 18 – John Hugh Means, 64th Governor of South Carolina from 1850 to 1852 (died 1862)
• August 22 – Joseph Mozier, American-born sculptor best known for his work in Italy. (died 1870)
• September 13 – John McMurtry, builder and architect (died 1890)
• September 18 – Herschel Vespasian Johnson, United States Senator from Georgia from 1863 to 1865 (died 1880)
• September 29 – George N. Stearns, founder of E. C. Stearns & Company (died 1882)
• October 1 – Stephen P. Hempstead, 2nd Governor of Iowa from 1850 to 1854. (died 1883)
• October 6 – Lazarus W. Powell, United States Senator from Kentucky from 1859 to 1865. (died 1867)
• October 9 – Almon W. Babbitt, Mormon pioneer and first secretary/treasurer of Utah Territory (died 1856)
• October 20 – Austin Flint, co-founder of Buffalo Medical College and president of the American Medical Association (died 1886)
• October 21 – David H. Armstrong, Canadian-born United States Senator from Missouri from 1877 to 1879 (died 1893)
• October 22 – James "Grizzly" Adams, mountain man and bear trainer (died 1860)
• November 1 – John Bernard Fitzpatrick, Bishop of Boston (died 1866)
• November 4 – Richard M. Bishop, 34th Governor of Ohio from 1878 to 1880 (died 1893)
• November 28 – George Ticknor Curtis, author, lawyer and historian (died 1894)
• December 18 – Jesse D. Bright, United States Senator from Indiana from 1845 to 1862 (died 1875)

Deaths

• April 20 – George Clinton, fourth Vice President of the United States from 1805 to 1812 (born 1739)
• May 12 – Martha Ballard, diarist and midwife (born 1734 or 1735)
• December 20 – Sacagawea, Shoshone interpreter and guide on the Lewis and Clark Expedition (born c. 1788)
• December 24 – George Beck, artist and poet (born 1749)
• December 26 – Joel Barlow, poet (born 1754)

See also

• Timeline of United States history (1790–1819)

External links

• Media related to 1812 in the United States at Wikimedia Commons