鶯

See also: 莺 and 鴬
鶯 U+9DAF, 鶯
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9DAF
← 鶮
[U+9DAE] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 鶰 →
[U+9DB0]

Translingual
Traditional 鶯
Shinjitai
(extended)		 鴬
Simplified 莺

Han character

鶯 (radical 196, 鳥+10, 21 strokes, cangjie input 火火月竹火 (FFBHF), four-corner 99327, composition ⿱𤇾鳥)

References
  • KangXi: page 1496, character 5
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 47169
  • Dae Jaweon: page 2025, character 31
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 7, page 4653, character 9
  • Unihan data for U+9DAF

Chinese
trad. 鶯
simp. 莺
variant forms 鸎

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (熒) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
鶯 *qreːŋ
罃 *qreːŋ
嫈 *qreːŋ, *qreːŋs, *qʷeŋ
褮 *qreːŋ, *qʷeŋ, *ɢʷeːŋ
覮 *pqʰʷeːŋ
謍 *qʰʷreːŋ, *qʷreːŋ, *ɢʷeŋ
䁝 *qʷraːŋʔ
嶸 *ɢʷreːŋ, *ɢʷreŋ
嵤 *ɢʷreːŋ
榮 *ɢʷreŋ
瑩 *ɢʷreŋ, *qʷeːŋs
蠑 *ɢʷreŋ
禜 *ɢʷreŋ, *ɢʷreŋs
醟 *ɢʷreŋs, *qʰʷeŋs
檾 *kʰʷeŋʔ, *kʰʷeːŋʔ
煢 *ɡʷeŋ
焭 *ɡʷeŋ
縈 *qʷeŋ
營 *ɢʷeŋ
鎣 *ɢʷeŋ, *qʷeːŋs
塋 *ɢʷeŋ
濴 *ɢʷeŋ
熒 *ɡʷeːŋ
螢 *ɡʷeːŋ
滎 *ɡʷeːŋ
濙 *qʷeːŋʔ
瀅 *qʷeːŋs

Pronunciation
Note: The zero initial /∅-/ is commonly pronounced with a ng-initial /ŋ-/ in some varieties of Cantonese, including Hong Kong Cantonese.
  • Dialectal data▼
Variety Location 鶯
Mandarin Beijing /iŋ⁵⁵/
Harbin /iŋ⁴⁴/
Tianjin /iŋ²¹/
Jinan /iŋ²¹³/
Qingdao /iŋ²¹³/
Zhengzhou /iŋ²⁴/
Xi'an /iŋ²¹/
Xining /iə̃⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /iŋ⁴⁴/
Lanzhou /ĩn³¹/
Ürümqi /iŋ⁴⁴/
Wuhan /inin⁵⁵/
Chengdu /in⁵⁵/
Guiyang /in⁵⁵/
Kunming /ĩ/
Nanjing /in³¹/
Hefei /in²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /iəŋ¹¹/
Pingyao /iŋ¹³/
Hohhot /ĩŋ³¹/
Wu Shanghai /iŋ⁵³/
Suzhou /in⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /ʔin³³/
Wenzhou /j̠aŋ³³/
Hui Shexian /iʌ̃³¹/
Tunxi /iɛ¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /in³³/
Xiangtan /in³³/
Gan Nanchang /in⁴²/
Hakka Meixian /in⁴⁴/
Taoyuan /in²⁴/
Cantonese Guangzhou /ɐŋ⁵⁵/
Nanning /jeŋ⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /ɐŋ⁵⁵/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /iŋ⁵⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /ɛiŋ⁴⁴/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /aiŋ⁵⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /eŋ³³/
Haikou (Min Nan) /eŋ²³/
Rime
Character 鶯
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 影 (34)
Final (韻) 耕 (117)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) II
Fanqie 烏莖切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ʔˠɛŋ/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ʔᵚæŋ/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ʔɐŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ʔəɨjŋ/
Li
Rong		 /ʔɛŋ/
Wang
Li		 /æŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ʔæŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 ēng
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 鶯
Reading # 1/1
No. 15354
Phonetic
component		 熒
Rime
group		 耕
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 甖
Old
Chinese		 /*qreːŋ/

Definitions

鶯

  1. oriole

Compounds
  • 夜鶯／夜莺 (yèyīng)
  • 崔鶯鶯／崔莺莺
  • 新鶯出谷／新莺出谷
  • 春鶯／春莺
  • 柳嚲鶯嬌／柳亸莺娇
  • 柳鶯／柳莺
  • 歌鶯舞燕／歌莺舞燕
  • 流鶯／流莺 (liúyīng)
  • 燕侶鶯儔／燕侣莺俦
  • 燕儔鶯侶／燕俦莺侣
  • 燕妒鶯慚／燕妒莺惭
  • 燕約鶯期／燕约莺期
  • 燕舞鶯啼／燕舞莺啼
  • 燕語鶯呼／燕语莺呼
  • 燕語鶯啼／燕语莺啼
  • 燕語鶯聲／燕语莺声
  • 舞燕歌鶯／舞燕歌莺
  • 草長鶯飛／草长莺飞
  • 鶯儔燕侶／莺俦燕侣
  • 鶯啼／莺啼
  • 鶯啼燕語／莺啼燕语
  • 鶯梭／莺梭
  • 鶯歌／莺歌 (yīnggē)
  • 鶯歌燕舞／莺歌燕舞 (yīnggēyànwǔ)
  • 鶯燕／莺燕
  • 鶯粉／莺粉
  • 鶯聲燕語／莺声燕语
  • 鶯花／莺花
  • 鶯花寨／莺花寨
  • 鶯谷／莺谷
  • 鶯遷／莺迁
  • 鶯飛草長／莺飞草长
  • 鶯鶯傳／莺莺传
  • 鶯鶯燕燕／莺莺燕燕
  • 黃鶯／黄莺 (huángyīng)
  • 黃鶯語／黄莺语

Japanese

Shinjitai

 鴬

Kyūjitai

 鶯

Kanji
鶯

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 鴬)

  1. nightingale

Readings

Compounds
Compounds
  • 鶯 (おう)語 (ご) (ōgo)
  • 鶯 (おう)梭 (さ) (ōsa)
  • 鶯 (おう)宿 (しゅく)梅 (ばい) (ōshukubai)
  • 鶯舌 (おうぜつ) (ōzetsu)
  • 鶯 (おう)遷 (せん) (ōsen)
  • 黄 (こう)鶯 (おう) (kōō)
  • 山 (さん)鶯 (おう) (san'ō)
  • 残 (ざん)鶯 (おう) (zan'ō)
  • 春 (しゅん)鶯 (おう) (shun'ō)
  • 新 (しん)鶯 (おう) (shin'ō)
  • 晩 (ばん)鶯 (おう) (ban'ō)
  • 老 (ろう)鶯 (おう) (rōō)

Etymology
Kanji in this term
鶯
うぐいす
Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi

⟨uɡupi1 su⟩ → /uɡupisu/ → /uɡufisu/ → /uɡuwisu/ → /uɡuisu/

From Old Japanese. Compound of うぐい (ugui, onomatopoeia, imitative of the bird's call) +‎ す (su, “bird”, ancient suffix appearing in certain bird names, possibly cognate with Korean 새 (sae, “bird”)).[1] Compare the す (su) in 烏 (karasu), 杜鵑 (hototogisu), モズ (mozu).

Pronunciation

Noun

鶯 (hiragana うぐいす, katakana ウグイス, rōmaji uguisu, historical hiragana うぐひす, historical katakana ウグヒス)

  1. Japanese bush warbler (Horornis diphone); Japanese nightingale
    • c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 5, poem 837)[4], text here
      波 (は)流 (る)能 (の)努 (の)尓 (に)奈 (な)久 (く)夜 (や)汙 (う)隅 (ぐ)比 (ひ)須 (す)奈 (な)都 (つ)気 (け)牟 (む)得 (と)和 (わ)何 (が)弊 (へ)能 (の)曽 (そ)能 (の)尓 (に)汙 (う)米 (め)何 (が)波 (は)奈 (な)佐 (さ)久 (く)　笇 (さん)師 (し)志 (し)氏 (しの)大道 (おほみち) [Man'yōgana]
      春 (はる)の野 (の)に鳴 (な)くや鴬 (うぐひす)なつけむと我 (わ)が家 (へ)の園 (その)に梅 (うめ)が花 (はな)咲 (さ)く　笇 (さん)師 (し)志 (し)氏 (しの)大道 (おほみち) [Modern spelling]
      haru no no ni naku ya uguisu natsukemu to waga e no sono ni ume ga hana-saku
      The warbler singing in the unplowed springtime fields―that it be content to live close at hand the plum blooms in my arbor now. (Master of Computation Shiki[sic] no Ōmichi)[5]
    • c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 20, poem 4495)[6], text here
      打 (うち)奈 (な)婢 (び)久 (く)波 (は)流 (る)等 (と)毛 (も)之 (し)流 (る)久 (く)宇 (う)具 (ぐ)比 (ひ)須 (す)波 (は)宇 (う)恵 (ゑ)木 (き)之 (の)樹 (こ)間 (ま)乎 (を)奈 (な)枳 (き)和 (わ)多 (た)良 (ら)奈 (な)牟 (む) [Man'yōgana]
      うち靡 (なび)く春 (はる)ともしるく鴬 (うぐひす)は植 (うゑ)木 (き)の木 (こ)間 (ま)を鳴 (な)き渡 (わた)らなむ [Modern spelling]
      uchinabiku haru to mo shiruku uguisu wa ueki no koma o naki watarunan
      To know clearly that spring has come (minding of tender young herbs), that nightingale between the planted trees, let him come and sing repeatedly![7]
    • 905, Kokin Wakashū (book 1, poem 14)[8]
      うぐひすの谷 (たに)よりいづる声 (こゑ)なくははるくることを誰 (たれ)かしらまし
      uguisu no tani yori izuru koe naku wa haru kuru koto o tare ka shiramashi
      Without the voice of the warbler that comes out of the valley, how would we know the arrival of spring?[9]
  2. short for 鶯色 (uguisu iro): an olive-green color, as the rear of a bush warbler
  3. short for 鶯声 (uguisu-goe): a description for a woman's beautiful voice
  4. a metal skewer used in 香道 (kōdō) to fasten a paper wrapper
  5. a bamboo skewer used in binding an obi or similar

Usage notes

As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts, as ウグイス.

Synonyms
  • (warbler, archaic): 花 (はな)見 (み)鳥 (どり) (hanami-dori), 経 (きょう)読 (よ)み鳥 (どり) (kyōyomi-dori)
  • (olive-green color): 鶯 (うぐいす)色 (いろ) (uguisu iro), 鶯 (うぐいす)茶 (ちゃ) (uguisu-cha)

Derived terms
Derived terms
  • 鶯合 (うぐいすあ)わせ (uguisu-awase)
  • 鶯 (うぐいす)色 (いろ) (uguisu-iro)
  • 鶯 (ウグイス)貝 (ガイ) (uguisugai)
  • 鶯 (うぐいす)垣 (がき) (uguisu-gaki)
  • 鶯 (ウグイス)神楽 (カグラ) (uguisu kagura)
  • 鶯 (うぐいす)羹 (かん) (uguisu-kan)
  • 鶯 (うぐいす)嬢 (じょう) (uguisu-jō)
  • 鶯 (うぐいす)砂 (ずな) (uguisu-zuna)
  • 鶯 (うぐいす)染 (ぞ)め (uguisu-zome)
  • 鶯 (うぐいす)茶 (ちゃ) (uguisu-cha)
  • 鶯 (うぐいす)塚 (づか) (uguisu-zuka)
  • 鶯 (うぐいす)綴 (と)じ (uguisu-toji)
  • 鶯 (うぐいす)菜 (な) (uguisuna, “young greens”)
  • 鶯 (うぐいす)糠 (ぬか) (uguisu-nuka)
  • 鶯 (うぐいす)張 (ば)り (uguisubari, “nightingale floor”)
  • 鶯 (うぐいす)笛 (ぶえ) (uguisu-bue)
  • 鶯 (うぐいす)豆 (まめ) (uguisu-mame)
  • 鶯 (うぐいす)眉 (まゆ) (uguisu-mayu)
  • 鶯 (うぐいす)餅 (もち) (uguisu-mochi)
  • 梅 (うめ)に鶯 (うぐいす) (ume ni uguisu)
  • 老 (お)い鶯 (うぐいす) (oiuguisu)
  • 高麗 (コウライ)鶯 (ウグイス) (kōrai uguisu)
  • 大東 (だいとう)鶯 (うぐいす) (daitō uguisu)
  • 朝 (ちょう)鮮 (せん)鶯 (うぐいす) (Chōsen uguisu)
  • 手 (て)振 (ぶ)り鶯 (うぐいす) (teburiu guisu)
  • 友 (とも)鶯 (うぐいす) (tomouguisu)
  • 夏 (なつ)鶯 (うぐいす) (natsuuguisu)
  • 初 (はつ)鶯 (うぐいす) (hatsuuguisu, “first warbler to chirp in spring”)
  • 藪 (やぶ)鶯 (うぐいす) (yabu-uguisu)
  • 山 (やま)鶯 (うぐいす) (yama-uguisu)

Idioms
  • 鶯 (うぐいす)鳴 (な)かせたこともある (uguisu nakaseta koto mo aru)
  • 鶯 (うぐいす)の卵 (かいご)の中 (なか)の時鳥 (ほととぎす) (uguisu no kaigo no naka no hototogisu)
  • 鶯 (うぐいす)の谷 (たに)渡 (わた)り (uguisu no tani watari)

See also

Proper noun

鶯 (hiragana うぐいす, rōmaji Uguisu, historical hiragana うぐひす)

  1. a surname

References
  1. 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
  2. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
  4. Satake, Akihiro; Hideo Yamada; Rikio Kudō; Masao Ōtani; Yoshiyuki Yamazaki (c. 759) Shin Nihon Koten Bungaku Taikei 1: Man’yōshū 1 (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, published 1999, →ISBN.
  5. Edwin A. Cranston (1998) The Gem-Glistening Cup, illustrated edition, Stanford University Press, →ISBN, page 546
  6. Satake, Akihiro; Hideo Yamada; Rikio Kudō; Masao Ōtani; Yoshiyuki Yamazaki (c. 759) Shin Nihon Koten Bungaku Taikei 4: Man’yōshū 4 (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, published 2003, →ISBN.
  7. Jan Lodewijk Pierson, Jr. (1963) The Manyôśû Translated and Annotated, Book XX, Leiden: Brill Archive (E.J. Brill), page 202
  8. Kojima, Noriyuki; Arai Eizō (1989) Shin Nihon Koten Bungaku Taikei 5: Kokin Wakashū (in Japanese), Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN
  9. Haruo Shirane (2013) Japan and the Culture of the Four Seasons: Nature, Literature, and the Arts, illustrated, reprint edition, Columbia University Press, →ISBN, page 34

Further reading

Korean

Hanja

鶯 • (aeng) (hangeul 앵, revised aeng, McCune–Reischauer aeng, Yale ayng)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

鶯 (oanh, anh)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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