覆う

Japanese

Kanji in this term
覆
おお Grade: S
kun’yomi

Etymology

/opu pu/ → /opopu/ → /ofofu/ → */owou/ → /oːu/

From the Old Japanese verb 覆ふ (opu, “cover from above”) + ふ (-fu, auxillary verb modifier).[1]

Alternative forms

被う, 蔽う, 蓋う, 掩う

Pronunciation

Kun’yomi
- (Tokyo) おおう [òóú] (Heiban – [0])[1]
- (Tokyo) おおう [òóꜜù] (Nakadaka – [2])[1]
- IPA^(key): [o̞ːɯ̟ᵝ]

Verb

覆う (transitive, godan conjugation, hiragana おおう, rōmaji ōu, historical hiragana おほふ)

to cover
- 1188, Senzai Wakashū (book 17, poem 1137; also Hyakunin Isshu, poem 95)
  おほけなくうき世 (よ)の民 (たみ)におほふかなわが立 (た)つ杣 (そま)にすみぞめの袖 (そで)
  ōkenaku ukiyo no tami ni ōu kana waga tatsu soma ni sumizome no sode
  Unworthy am I, but my black-dyed sleeves shelter people in this floating world from this hall of timbers hewn from the mountain.[2]
雲 (くも)が東 (とう)欧 (おう)を覆 (おお)う
kumo ga Tōō o ōu
clouds cover eastern Europe
to cover up, to conceal, to hide
to permeate, to spread throughout
to include everything (Can we verify⁽⁺⁾ this sense?)

Conjugation

Conjugation of "覆う" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形)	覆わ	おおわ	ōwa
Continuative (連用形)	覆い	おおい	ōi
Terminal (終止形)	覆う	おおう	ōu
Attributive (連体形)	覆う	おおう	ōu
Hypothetical (仮定形)	覆え	おおえ	ōe
Imperative (命令形)	覆え	おおえ	ōe
Key constructions
Passive	覆われる	おおわれる	ōwareru
Causative	覆わせる覆わす	おおわせるおおわす	ōwaseru ōwasu
Potential	覆える	おおえる	ōeru
Volitional	覆おう	おおおう	ōō
Negative	覆わない	おおわない	ōwanai
Negative continuative	覆わず	おおわず	ōwazu
Formal	覆います	おおいます	ōimasu
Perfective	覆った	おおった	ōtta
Conjunctive	覆って	おおって	ōtte
Hypothetical conditional	覆えば	おおえば	ōeba

References

2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Robert E. Morrell (2002) Early Kamakura Buddhism: A Minority Report (Nanzan Studies in Religion and Culture), Jain Publishing Company, →ISBN

2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.

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