老化

Chinese

		old; aged; venerable old; aged; venerable; outdated; experienced; (affectionate prefix)	to make into; to change into; ‑ization to make into; to change into; ‑ization; to ... ‑ize; to transform
simp. and trad. (老化)		老	化

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): lǎohuà

(Zhuyin): ㄌㄠˇ ㄏㄨㄚˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): lou⁵ faa³
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): ló-fa
Min Nan (POJ): láu-hòa / nó͘-hòa / lāu-hòa

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Pinyin: lǎohuà
  - Zhuyin: ㄌㄠˇ ㄏㄨㄚˋ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: laohuah
  - IPA ^(key): /lɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹¹ xu̯a̠⁵¹/
  - Homophones:
    [Show/Hide]
    ^edit
    ^edit
    老化
    老話／老话
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)
  - Jyutping: lou⁵ faa³
  - Yale: lóuh fa
  - Cantonese Pinyin: lou⁵ faa³
  - Guangdong Romanization: lou⁵ fa³
  - IPA ^(key): /lou̯¹³ faː³³/
  - Homophones:
    ^edit
    ^edit
    老化
    鹵化／卤化
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ló-fa
  - Hakka Romanization System: lo` fa
  - Hagfa Pinyim: lo³ fa⁴
  - IPA: /lo³¹ fa⁵⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: láu-hòa
  - Tâi-lô: láu-huà
  - Phofsit Daibuun: law'hoax
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /laʊ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ hua⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /laʊ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hua²¹/
- (Hokkien: mainstream Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: nó͘-hòa
  - Tâi-lô: nóo-huà
  - Phofsit Daibuun: nofhoax
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /nɔ̃⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ hua²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /nɔ̃⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hua¹¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lāu-hòa
  - Tâi-lô: lāu-huà
  - Phofsit Daibuun: lauxhoax
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /laʊ²²⁻²¹ hua²¹/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /laʊ³³⁻²¹ hua²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /laʊ³³⁻¹¹ hua¹¹/

Verb

老化

to age

Noun

老化

aging

Adjective

老化

aged

Japanese

Kanji in this term
老	化
ろう Grade: 4	か Grade: 3
on’yomi

Noun

老化 (hiragana ろうか, rōmaji rōka)

aging

Verb

老化する (intransitive, hiragana ろうかする, rōmaji rōka suru)

to age

Conjugation

Conjugation of "老化する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形)	老化し	ろうかし	rōka shi
Continuative (連用形)	老化し	ろうかし	rōka shi
Terminal (終止形)	老化する	ろうかする	rōka suru
Attributive (連体形)	老化する	ろうかする	rōka suru
Hypothetical (仮定形)	老化すれ	ろうかすれ	rōka sure
Imperative (命令形)	老化せよ¹ 老化しろ²	ろうかせよ¹ ろうかしろ²	rōka seyo¹ rōka shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	老化される	ろうかされる	rōka sareru
Causative	老化させる老化さす	ろうかさせるろうかさす	rōka saseru rōka sasu
Potential	老化できる	ろうかできる	rōka dekiru
Volitional	老化しよう	ろうかしよう	rōka shiyō
Negative	老化しない	ろうかしない	rōka shinai
Negative continuative	老化せず	ろうかせず	rōka sezu
Formal	老化します	ろうかします	rōka shimasu
Perfective	老化した	ろうかした	rōka shita
Conjunctive	老化して	ろうかして	rōka shite
Hypothetical conditional	老化すれば	ろうかすれば	rōka sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

Korean

Hanja in this term
老	化

Noun

老化 • (nohwa) (hangeul 노화)

Hanja form^? of 노화 (“aging”).

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