約束

See also: 约束

Chinese

		appointment; agreement; to arrange appointment; agreement; to arrange; to restrict; approximately; weigh	bunch; (a measure word); to bind bunch; (a measure word); to bind; to control
trad. (約束)		約	束
simp. (约束)		约	束

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yuēshù

(Zhuyin): ㄩㄝㄕㄨˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): joek³ cuk¹
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yok-suk
Min Nan (POJ): iok-sok / iak-sok

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Pinyin: yuēshù
  - Zhuyin: ㄩㄝㄕㄨˋ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: iueshuh
  - IPA ^(key): /y̯œ⁵⁵ ʂu⁵¹/
  - Homophones:
    [Show/Hide]
    ^edit
    ^edit
    約數／约数
    約束／约束
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: joek³ cuk¹
  - Yale: yeuk chūk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: joek⁸ tsuk⁷
  - Guangdong Romanization: yêg³ cug¹
  - IPA ^(key): /jœ̽ːk̚³ t͡sʰʊk̚⁵/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yok-suk
  - Hakka Romanization System: iog` sug`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yog⁵ sug⁵
  - IPA: /i̯ok̚² suk̚²/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yok-suk
  - Hakka Romanization System: (r)iog` sug`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yog⁵ sug⁵
  - IPA: /(j)i̯ok̚² suk̚²/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iok-sok
  - Tâi-lô: iok-sok
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ioksog
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /iɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ sɔk̚⁵/
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen): /iɔk̚³²⁻⁴ sɔk̚³²/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iak-sok
  - Tâi-lô: iak-sok
  - Phofsit Daibuun: iaksog
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /iak̚³²⁻⁵ sɔk̚³²/

Verb

約束

to restrict; to restrain
(literary) to agree upon; to appoint; to settle on
(archaic) to bind with a rope

Synonyms

(restrict):

克制 (kèzhì)
壓制／压制 (yāzhì)
抑制 (yìzhì)
抵制 (dǐzhì)
拘束 (jūshù)

按捺 (ànnà) (usually in the negative)
控制 (kòngzhì)
束縛／束缚 (shùfù)
節制／节制 (jiézhì)
限制 (xiànzhì)

Derived terms

約束力／约束力 (yuēshùlì)

約束服／约束服 (yuēshùfú)

Noun

約束

(mathematics) constraint

Japanese

Kanji in this term
約	束
やく Grade: 4	そく Grade: 4
goon

Etymology

Pronunciation

On’yomi: Goon
- (Tokyo) やくそく [yàkúsókú] (Heiban – [0])[1][2]
- IPA^(key): [ja̠kɯ̟̊ᵝso̞kɯ̟ᵝ]

Noun

約束 (hiragana やくそく, rōmaji yakusoku)

a promise
an appointment or social engagement (the meeting itself)
a convention; something that is conventional
something that is preordained

Verb

約束する (hiragana やくそくする, rōmaji yakusoku suru)

to promise, to make a promise
みんなで約束 (やくそく)しよう！
Minna de yakusoku shiyō!
Let's all promise together!
- 2005 July 7, Watsuki, Nobuhiro, “第だい65話わ　夜よ明あけの墓はか場ば [Chapter 65: The Graveyard at Dawn]”, in 武ブ装ソウ錬レン金キン [Armed Alchemy], volume 8 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN, page 34:
  
  オレはこいつと決 (けっ)着 (ちゃく)をつけると約 (やく)束 (そく)した‼約 (やく)束 (そく)したんだ‼
  Ore wa koitsu to ketchaku o tsukeru to yakusoku shita‼ Yakusoku shitan da‼
  I promised to settle with him‼ I made a promise‼
make an appointment or engagement
be predestined, wait

Conjugation

Conjugation of "約束する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形)	約束し	やくそくし	yakusoku shi
Continuative (連用形)	約束し	やくそくし	yakusoku shi
Terminal (終止形)	約束する	やくそくする	yakusoku suru
Attributive (連体形)	約束する	やくそくする	yakusoku suru
Hypothetical (仮定形)	約束すれ	やくそくすれ	yakusoku sure
Imperative (命令形)	約束せよ¹ 約束しろ²	やくそくせよ¹ やくそくしろ²	yakusoku seyo¹ yakusoku shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	約束される	やくそくされる	yakusoku sareru
Causative	約束させる約束さす	やくそくさせるやくそくさす	yakusoku saseru yakusoku sasu
Potential	約束できる	やくそくできる	yakusoku dekiru
Volitional	約束しよう	やくそくしよう	yakusoku shiyō
Negative	約束しない	やくそくしない	yakusoku shinai
Negative continuative	約束せず	やくそくせず	yakusoku sezu
Formal	約束します	やくそくします	yakusoku shimasu
Perfective	約束した	やくそくした	yakusoku shita
Conjunctive	約束して	やくそくして	yakusoku shite
Hypothetical conditional	約束すれば	やくそくすれば	yakusoku sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

See also

予約 (よやく) (yoyaku)
ランデブー (randebū)

References

2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.

1974, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Second Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō
1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
約	束

Noun

約束 • (yaksok) (hangeul 약속)

Hanja form^? of 약속 (“promise”).

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