神風

神風

1. kamikaze

/kamukaze/ → /kamikaze/

Shift from Old Japanese kamukaze (see below).

• Kun’yomi
  • (Tokyo) かみ​かぜ [kàmíꜜkàzè] (Nakadaka – [2])[1]
  • IPA^(key): [ka̠mʲika̠ze̞]

神風 (hiragana かみかぜ, rōmaji kamikaze)

1. a divine wind
2. a kamikaze, a suicide pilot in World War Two
3. (figuratively) a reckless and dangerous action
4. the typhoons that saved Japan from Mongol invasion in the late 1200s: see Mongol invasions of Japan on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

This kamikaze spelling is also the ultimate source of English kamikaze, but by a circuitous route. The characters appear in 神 (しん)風 (ぷう)特 (とく)別 (べつ)攻 (こう)撃 (げき)隊 (たい) (shinpū tokubetsu kōgeki tai, “shinpū special attack unit”), the name of airborne kamikaze units surely named after the typhoon but using the on'yomi or Sino-Japanese reading shinpū (see below). The kamikaze reading was used informally in the Japanese media at the time, and this made its way into English. For more, see Kamikaze#Definition and etymology on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

The Japanese term for referring to the WWII suicide pilots is the abbreviated form 特 (とっ)攻 (こう)隊 (たい) (tokkōtai).

• 神 (かみ)風 (かぜ)タクシー (kamikaze takushī): a kamikaze taxi, a taxi driven recklessly fast
• 神 (かみ)風 (かぜ)の (kamikaze no): an epithet alluding to Ise
• 神 (かみ)風 (かぜ)や (kamikaze ya): an epithet alluding to Ise

From Old Japanese. Found in the Man'yōshū, completed some time after 759 CE.[2]

Compound of 神 (kamu, “god, deity”, the ancient combining form of modern kami) +‎ 風 (kaze, “wind”).[3][1][4]

• Kun’yomi
  • IPA^(key): [ka̠mɯ̟ᵝka̠ze̞]

神風 (hiragana かむかぜ, rōmaji kamukaze)

1. (archaic) a divine wind
2. (archaic) the typhoons that saved Japan from Mongol invasion in the late 1200s: see Mongol invasions of Japan on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

• 神 (かむ)風 (かぜ)の (kamukaze no): an epithet alluding to Ise
• 神 (かむ)風 (かぜ)や (kamukaze ya): an epithet alluding to Ise

/kamukaze/ → /kankaze/

From Old Japanese. Shift from earlier kamukaze (see above).

• Kun’yomi
  • IPA^(key): [kã̠ŋka̠ze̞]

神風 (hiragana かんかぜ, rōmaji kankaze)

1. (archaic) a divine wind
2. (archaic) the typhoons that saved Japan from Mongol invasion in the late 1200s: see Mongol invasions of Japan on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

From Middle Chinese 神風 (MC ʑiɪn pɨuŋ).

• On’yomi
  • (Tokyo) しんぷう [shìńpúú] (Heiban – [0])[1]
  • IPA^(key): [ɕĩmpɯ̟ᵝː]

神風 (hiragana しんぷう, rōmaji shinpū)

1. a divine wind

• 神 (しん)風 (ぷう)連 (れん) (Shinpūren): the Shinpūren or “Divine Wind League”, an association of ex-samurai committed to the violent undoing of the Meiji Restoration: see Shinpūren rebellion on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• 神 (しん)風 (ぷう)特 (とく)別 (べつ)攻 (こう)撃 (げき)隊 (たい) (shinpū tokubetsu kōgeki tai): “Divine Wind” special attack unit (airborne kamikaze unit)

• 特 (とっ)攻 (こう)隊 (たい) (tokkōtai)

• Discussion of this term on Languagehat, a language blog