欠伸
Chinese
deficient; owe; to lack; yawn |
to stretch; to extend | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| simp. and trad. (欠伸) |
欠 | 伸 | |
| variant forms | 欠申 | ||
Pronunciation
Japanese
Etymology 1
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 欠 | 伸 |
| Grade: 4 | Grade: S |
| Irregular | |
Attested in The Pillow Book, completed in 1002.
The 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of 欠ぶ (akubu, “to yawn”).
The kanji spelling is jukujikun (熟字訓), borrowed from Chinese 欠伸 (qiànshēn).
Alternative forms
Derived terms
- 欠伸形 (akubi-gata)
- 生欠伸 (nama akubi)
Idioms
- 欠伸を噛み殺す (akubi o kamikorosu)
Conjugation
Conjugation of "欠伸する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Stem forms | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperfective (未然形) | 欠伸し | あくびし | akubi shi | |
| Continuative (連用形) | 欠伸し | あくびし | akubi shi | |
| Terminal (終止形) | 欠伸する | あくびする | akubi suru | |
| Attributive (連体形) | 欠伸する | あくびする | akubi suru | |
| Hypothetical (仮定形) | 欠伸すれ | あくびすれ | akubi sure | |
| Imperative (命令形) | 欠伸せよ¹ 欠伸しろ² |
あくびせよ¹ あくびしろ² |
akubi seyo¹ akubi shiro² | |
| Key constructions | ||||
| Passive | 欠伸される | あくびされる | akubi sareru | |
| Causative | 欠伸させる 欠伸さす |
あくびさせる あくびさす |
akubi saseru akubi sasu | |
| Potential | 欠伸できる | あくびできる | akubi dekiru | |
| Volitional | 欠伸しよう | あくびしよう | akubi shiyō | |
| Negative | 欠伸しない | あくびしない | akubi shinai | |
| Negative continuative | 欠伸せず | あくびせず | akubi sezu | |
| Formal | 欠伸します | あくびします | akubi shimasu | |
| Perfective | 欠伸した | あくびした | akubi shita | |
| Conjunctive | 欠伸して | あくびして | akubi shite | |
| Hypothetical conditional | 欠伸すれば | あくびすれば | akubi sureba | |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative | ||||
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