恐怖

Chinese

		afraid; frightened; to fear	terror; terrified; afraid terror; terrified; afraid; frightened
trad. (恐怖)		恐	怖
simp. ^#(恐怖)		恐	怖

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): kǒngbù

(Zhuyin): ㄎㄨㄥˇ ㄅㄨˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): hung² bou³
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): khiúng-pu
Min Dong (BUC): kṳ̄ng-buó
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): khióng-pò͘

(Teochew, Peng'im): kiong² bu³
Wu (Wiktionary): khon pu (T2)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: kǒngbù
  - Zhuyin: ㄎㄨㄥˇ ㄅㄨˋ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: koongbuh
  - IPA ^(key): /kʰʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹¹ pu⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: hung² bou³
  - Yale: húng bou
  - Cantonese Pinyin: hung² bou³
  - Guangdong Romanization: hung² bou³
  - IPA ^(key): /hʊŋ³⁵ pou̯³³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khiúng-pu
  - Hakka Romanization System: kiung` bu
  - Hagfa Pinyim: kiung³ bu⁴
  - IPA: /kʰi̯uŋ³¹ pu⁵⁵/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: kṳ̄ng-buó
  - IPA ^(key): /kʰyŋ³³⁻⁵⁵ ^(p-)muɔ²¹³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khióng-pò͘
  - Tâi-lô: khióng-pòo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qiofngpox
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kʰiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ pɔ²¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰiɔŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ pɔ⁴¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ pɔ²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kʰiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ pɔ¹¹/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰiɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ pɔ²¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: kiong² bu³
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: khióng pù
  - IPA ^(key): /kʰioŋ⁵²⁻³⁵ pu²¹³/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: khon pu (T2)
  - IPA ^(key): /kʰʊŋ³³ pv̩ʷ⁴⁴/

Adjective

恐怖

horrific; terrifying

Synonyms

(literary) 可怖 (kěbù)
可怕 (kěpà)
怕人 (pàrén)
嚇人／吓人 (xiàrén)

Noun

恐怖

terror; dread; horror
horror (film genre)
terrorism
恐怖行為 / 恐怖行为 ― kǒngbù xíngwéi ― act of terrorism

Derived terms

恐怖主義／恐怖主义 (kǒngbùzhǔyì)
恐怖分子 (kǒngbùfènzǐ)
恐怖片 (kǒngbùpiàn)
恐怖片兒／恐怖片儿

恐怖症 (kǒngbùzhèng)
恐怖襲擊／恐怖袭击 (kǒngbù xíjī)
恐怖電影／恐怖电影 (kǒngbù diànyǐng)
暴恐 (bàokǒng)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (恐怖):

→ Japanese: 恐 (きょう)怖 (ふ) (kyōfu)
→ Korean: 공포 (恐怖, gongpo)
→ Vietnamese: khủng bố (恐怖)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
恐	怖
きょう Grade: S	ふ Grade: S
on’yomi

Pronunciation

On’yomi
- (Tokyo) きょーふ [kyóꜜòfù] (Atamadaka – [1])
- (Tokyo) きょーふ [kyòófú] (Heiban – [0])
- IPA^(key): [kʲo̞ːɸɯ̟ᵝ]

Noun

恐怖 (hiragana きょうふ, rōmaji kyōfu)

fear; horror; dread
- 2015, Kosuke Takaguchi as Scarecrow, バットマンアーカム・ナイト [Batman: Arkham Knight], Rocksteady Studios, Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment:
  
  恐 (きょう)怖 (ふ)のない人 (じん)生 (せい)など　無 (む)意 (い)味 (み)だ
  Kyōfu no nai jinsei nado muimi da
  Without fear, life is meaningless
- 2008, Tomokazu Sugita as Ragna the Bloodedge, BLAZBLUEブレイブルー CALAMITY TRIGGER [BLAZBLUE: CALAMITY TRIGGER], Arc System Works:
  
  見 (み)せてやるよ…蒼 (あお)の力 (ちから)を！恐 (きょう)怖 (ふ)を教 (おし)えてやる。地 (じ)獄 (ごく)はねぇよ、あるのは無 (む)だけだ。これが、闇 (やみ)の力 (ちから)だ。
  Misete yaru yo… Ao no chikara o! Kyōfu o oshiete yaru. Jigoku wa nē yo, aru no wa mu dake da. Kore ga, yami no chikara da.
  I’ll show you… the power of the Azure! I’ll show you fear. There is no hell, only nothingness. This, is the power of darkness.

Derived terms

恐 (きょう)怖 (ふ)症 (しょう) (kyōfushō)

Verb

恐怖する (transitive and intransitive, hiragana きょうふする, rōmaji kyōfu suru)

to dread; to fear

Conjugation

Conjugation of "恐怖する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形)	恐怖し	きょうふし	kyōfu shi
Continuative (連用形)	恐怖し	きょうふし	kyōfu shi
Terminal (終止形)	恐怖する	きょうふする	kyōfu suru
Attributive (連体形)	恐怖する	きょうふする	kyōfu suru
Hypothetical (仮定形)	恐怖すれ	きょうふすれ	kyōfu sure
Imperative (命令形)	恐怖せよ¹ 恐怖しろ²	きょうふせよ¹ きょうふしろ²	kyōfu seyo¹ kyōfu shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	恐怖される	きょうふされる	kyōfu sareru
Causative	恐怖させる恐怖さす	きょうふさせるきょうふさす	kyōfu saseru kyōfu sasu
Potential	恐怖できる	きょうふできる	kyōfu dekiru
Volitional	恐怖しよう	きょうふしよう	kyōfu shiyō
Negative	恐怖しない	きょうふしない	kyōfu shinai
Negative continuative	恐怖せず	きょうふせず	kyōfu sezu
Formal	恐怖します	きょうふします	kyōfu shimasu
Perfective	恐怖した	きょうふした	kyōfu shita
Conjunctive	恐怖して	きょうふして	kyōfu shite
Hypothetical conditional	恐怖すれば	きょうふすれば	kyōfu sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

Korean

Hanja in this term
恐	怖

Noun

恐怖 • (gongpo) (hangeul 공포)

Hanja form^? of 공포 (“horror”).

Vietnamese

Hán tự in this word
恐	怖

Verb

恐怖

Hán tự form of khủng bố (“to terrorize”).

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恐怖

Chinese

Pronunciation

Adjective

Synonyms

Noun

Derived terms

Descendants

See also

Japanese

Pronunciation

Noun

Derived terms

Verb

Conjugation

Korean

Noun

Vietnamese

Verb