思う
Japanese
Kanji in this term |
---|
思 |
おも Grade: 2 |
kun’yomi |
Etymology
From Old Japanese.[1][2] Appears in the Man'yōshū poetry compilation, completed circa 759. There are two main theories for its ultimate derivation:
- May be cognate with 面 (omo, “face”), from the sense of how one's emotions appear on one's face.[1]
- May be cognate with 重 (omo, “weight”), from the sense of weighing different options.[1] Compare similar derivations of English ponder (as in “to weigh; to think”) and ponderous (as in “heavy, weighty”).
Pronunciation
Usage notes
A pattern with which this verb is often used is:
- When ending in 思う, the pattern expresses opinions which the speaker holds at the time of speaking.
- When ending in 思っている, the pattern expresses opinions which the speaker has had since sometime in the past.
While both 思う (omou) and synonym 考える (kangaeru) can be used to mean to think, omou may include more emotional and subjective overtones, whereas kangaeru implies more analytic and objective thought.[1]
Conjugation
Conjugation of "思う" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Imperfective (未然形) | 思わ | おもわ | omowa |
Continuative (連用形) | 思い | おもい | omoi |
Terminal (終止形) | 思う | おもう | omou |
Attributive (連体形) | 思う | おもう | omou |
Hypothetical (仮定形) | 思え | おもえ | omoe |
Imperative (命令形) | 思え | おもえ | omoe |
Key constructions | |||
Passive | 思われる | おもわれる | omowareru |
Causative | 思わせる 思わす |
おもわせる おもわす |
omowaseru omowasu |
Potential | 思える | おもえる | omoeru |
Volitional | 思おう | おもおう | omoō |
Negative | 思わない | おもわない | omowanai |
Negative continuative | 思わず | おもわず | omowazu |
Formal | 思います | おもいます | omoimasu |
Perfective | 思った | おもった | omotta |
Conjunctive | 思って | おもって | omotte |
Hypothetical conditional | 思えば | おもえば | omoeba |
Synonyms
- 考える (kangaeru)
References
- 1988, 国語大辞典(新装版) (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
- 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
- 1997, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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