忌

忌	U+5FCC, 忌 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5FCC

← 忋
[U+5FCB]

CJK Unified Ideographs

忍 →
[U+5FCD]

Translingual

Han character

忌 (radical 61, 心+3, 7 strokes, cangjie input 尸山心 (SUP), four-corner 1733₁, composition ⿱己心)

References

KangXi: page 376, character 1

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10310

Dae Jaweon: page 702, character 10

Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2270, character 11

Unihan data for U+5FCC

Chinese

simp. and trad.		忌

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (己) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
改	*klɯːʔ
跽	*ɡrɯʔ
己	*kɯʔ
紀	*kɯʔ
妀	*kɯʔ
記	*kɯs
杞	*kʰɯʔ
屺	*kʰɯʔ
芑	*kʰɯʔ
邔	kʰɯʔ, ɡɯs
玘	*kʰɯʔ
忌	*ɡɯs
鵋	*ɡɯs
誋	*ɡɯs
梞	*ɡɯs

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): jì (ji⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): gei⁶
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): khi
Min Bei (KCR): gī
Min Dong (BUC): gê
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): kī / khī / khî

(Teochew, Peng'im): gi⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: jì
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧˋ
  - Wade–Giles: chih⁴
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jih
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: gei⁶
  - Yale: geih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gei⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: géi⁶
  - IPA ^(key): /kei̯²²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khi
  - Hakka Romanization System: ki
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ki⁴
  - IPA: /kʰi⁵⁵/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: gī
  - IPA ^(key): /ki⁵⁵/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: gê
  - IPA ^(key): /kɛi²⁴²/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kī
  - Tâi-lô: kī
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ki
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ki⁴¹/
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /ki³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /ki²²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khī
  - Tâi-lô: khī
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qi
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kʰi³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /kʰi²²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khî
  - Tâi-lô: khî
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qii
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰi²⁴/

Note:

kī, khī - literary;
khî - vernacular (俗).

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: gi⁶
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kĭ
  - IPA ^(key): /ki³⁵/

Dialectal data▼

Variety	Location	edit 忌
Mandarin	Beijing	/t͡ɕi⁵¹/
	Harbin	/t͡ɕi⁵³/
	Tianjin	/t͡ɕi⁵³/
	Jinan	/t͡ɕi²¹/
	Qingdao	/t͡ɕi⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/t͡ɕi³¹²/
	Xi'an	/t͡ɕi⁴⁴/
	Xining	/t͡ɕji²¹³/
	Yinchuan	/t͡ɕi¹³/
	Lanzhou	/t͡ɕi¹³/
	Ürümqi	/t͡ɕi²¹³/
	Wuhan	/t͡ɕi³⁵/
	Chengdu	/t͡ɕi¹³/
	Guiyang	/t͡ɕi²¹³/
	Kunming	/t͡ɕi²¹²/
	Nanjing	/t͡ɕi⁴⁴/
	Hefei	/t͡sz̩⁵³/
Jin	Taiyuan	/t͡ɕi⁴⁵/
	Pingyao	/t͡ɕi³⁵/
	Hohhot	/t͡ɕi⁵⁵/
Wu	Shanghai	/d͡ʑi²³/
	Suzhou	/d͡ʑi³¹/
	Hangzhou	/d͡ʑi¹³/
	Wenzhou	/d͡zz̩²²/
Hui	Shexian	/t͡ɕʰi²²/
Hui	Tunxi	/t͡ɕi¹¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/t͡ɕi⁵⁵/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/t͡ɕi⁵⁵/
Gan	Nanchang	/t͡ɕʰi²¹/
Hakka	Meixian	/kʰi³¹/
Hakka	Taoyuan
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/kei²²/
	Nanning	/ki²²/
	Hong Kong	/kei²²/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/ki²²/ /kʰi²²/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/kɛi²⁴²/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/ki⁴⁴/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/ki³⁵/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/ki³³/

Middle Chinese: /ɡɨ^H/▼

Rime
Character	忌
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	群 (30)
Final (韻)	之 (19)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	渠記切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɡɨ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ɡɨ^H/
Shao Rongfen	/ɡie^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/gɨ^H/
Li Rong	/ɡiə^H/
Wang Li	/ɡĭə^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/gi^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jì

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*m-k(r)ək-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*ɡɯs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	忌
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jì
Middle Chinese	‹ gi^H ›
Old Chinese	/*m-k(r)ək-s/
English	warn; avoid
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	忌
Reading #	1/1
No.	5774
Phonetic component	己
Rime group	之
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	忌
Old Chinese	/*ɡɯs/

Definitions

忌

to be jealous of
妒忌 ― dùjì ― to envy; to be jealous
to fear; to dread
to avoid or abstain from
taboo
A surname.

Compounds

不知忌諱／不知忌讳
全無忌憚／全无忌惮
兵家大忌
切忌 (qièjì)
同行相忌
周忌
回忌
國忌／国忌
外寬內忌／外宽内忌
多忌
大忌 (dàjì)
妒忌 (dùjì)
威士忌 (wēishìjì)
嫌忌
年忌
忌刻
忌前
忌口 (jìkǒu)
忌嘴 (jìzuǐ)
忌妒 (jìdù)
忌妻
忌恨 (jìhèn)
忌憚／忌惮 (jìdàn)
忌日 (jìrì)

忌煙／忌烟
忌諱／忌讳 (jìhuì)
忌辰 (jìchén)
忌邪
恣睢無忌／恣睢无忌
恣肆無忌／恣肆无忌
慶忌／庆忌
戒忌
投鼠之忌
投鼠忌器 (tóushǔjìqì)
拘忌
擲鼠忌器／掷鼠忌器
月忌
有所顧忌／有所顾忌
橫行無忌／横行无忌 (héngxíngwújì)
死忌 (sǐjì)
毫無忌憚／毫无忌惮
無忌／无忌 (wújì)
無所忌憚／无所忌惮
無所畏忌／无所畏忌
無所顧忌／无所顾忌
犯忌
犯忌諱／犯忌讳
猜忌 (cāijì)

生忌 (shēngjì)
畏忌
疑忌 (yíjì)
百無所忌／百无所忌
百無禁忌／百无禁忌 (bǎiwújìnjì)
益無忌憚／益无忌惮
直言無忌／直言无忌
禁忌 (jìnjì)
禁忌站臺／禁忌站台
童言無忌／童言无忌
肆無忌憚／肆无忌惮 (sìwújìdàn)
肆行無忌／肆行无忌
肆言無忌／肆言无忌
葷素不忌／荤素不忌
蠶忌／蚕忌
觸禁犯忌／触禁犯忌
諱疾忌醫／讳疾忌医 (huìjíjìyī)
避忌 (bìjì)
還忌／还忌
配合禁忌
鉗忌／钳忌
頻來無忌／频来无忌
顧忌／顾忌 (gùjì)
食忌

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 忌 – see 嫉 (“to envy; to be jealous; to hate; to resent”). (This character, 忌, is the second-round simplified form of 嫉.)
Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

Japanese

Kanji

忌

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

Readings

Go-on: ご (go)
Kan-on: き (ki, Jōyō)
Kun: いむ (imu, 忌む, Jōyō); いみ (imi, 忌み); いましい (imashii, 忌ましい); いまう (imau, 忌まう); いまわしい (imawashii, 忌まわしい, Jōyō)
Nanori: いまわ (imawa)

Compounds

忌 (い)み嫌 (きら)う (imikirau)
忌 (い)み日 (び) (imibi)
忌 (き)日 (にち) (kinichi)
忌 (き)日 (じつ) (kijitsu)
回 (かい)忌 (き) (kaiki)
祖 (そ)忌 (き) (soki): (Buddhism) death anniversary of a sect founder, or the memorial service thereof

Etymology

Kanji in this term
忌
き Grade: S
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 忌 (gi^H).

Pronunciation

On’yomi: Kan’on
- (Tokyo) き [kíꜜ] (Atamadaka – [1])[1][2]
- IPA^(key): [kʲi]

Noun

忌 (hiragana き, rōmaji ki)

mourning
death anniversary

References

2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

忌 • (gi) (hangeul 기, revised gi, McCune–Reischauer ki, Yale ki)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

忌 (kị, cạy, cậy, kỵ, cữ, kiêng)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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[DJR-1] 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK-2] 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN