山東

See also: 山东

Chinese
mountain; hill east
trad. (山東) 山 東
simp. (山东) 山 东
anagram 東山／东山
Literally: “east of the mountain”.

Etymology
Shandong
So named as it lies on the east of the Taihang Mountains.

Pronunciation
Rime
Character 山 東
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Initial (聲) 生 (21) 端 (5)
Final (韻) 山 (73) 東 (1)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) II I
Fanqie 所閒切 德紅切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ʃˠɛn/ /tuŋ/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ʃᵚæn/ /tuŋ/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ʃæn/ /tuŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ʂəɨn/ /təwŋ/
Li
Rong		 /ʃɛn/ /tuŋ/
Wang
Li		 /ʃæn/ /tuŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ʂăn/ /tuŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 shān dōng
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 山 東
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 shān dōng
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ srɛn › ‹ tuwng ›
Old
Chinese		 /*s-ŋrar/ /*tˁoŋ/ (< *tˁoŋʔ ?)
English mountain, hill east

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 山 東
Reading # 1/1 1/1
No. 11052 2435
Phonetic
component		 山 東
Rime
group		 元 東
Rime
subdivision		 2 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 山 東
Old
Chinese		 /*sreːn/ /*toːŋ/
Notes 種（種籽）初文，甲金文象種皮甲坼萌生根芽，
參敕字陳字注

Proper noun

山東

  1. (～省) Shandong (a province of China)
  2. (historical, specifically) the area to the east of Hangu Pass
  3. (historical, specifically) the area to the east of the Taihang Mountains
  4. (historical, specifically) the area to the east of Mount Hua

Derived terms

Noun

山東

  1. east of the mountain (in general)

Japanese
Kanji in this term
山 東
さん
Grade: 1		 とう
Grade: 2
on’yomi

Proper noun

山東 (hiragana さんとう, rōmaji Santō)

  1. Shandong
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