孤児

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
孤	児
こ Grade: S	じ Grade: 4
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 孤兒 (MC kuo ȵiᴇ|ŋei).

Pronunciation

On’yomi: Kan’on
- (Tokyo) こじ [kóꜜjì] (Atamadaka – [1])[1]
- IPA^(key): [ko̞ʑi]

Noun

孤児 (hiragana こじ, rōmaji koji)

an orphan

Derived terms

孤 (こ)児 (じ)院 (いん) (kojiin): an orphanage

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
孤	児
Grade: S	Grade: 4
Irregular

Jukujikun (熟字訓) spelling for the term みなしご (minashigo), itself a compound of 身 (mi, “identity, family”) +‎ 無し (nashi, “none, without”) +‎ 子 (ko, “child”).[2] The ko changes to go as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

Pronunciation

Kun’yomi
- (Tokyo) みなしご [mìnáshíꜜgò] (Nakadaka – [3])[1]
- (Tokyo) みなしご [mìnáshígó] (Heiban – [0])[1]
- IPA^(key): [mʲina̠ɕiɡo̞]

Alternative forms

孤 (less common)

Noun

孤児 (hiragana みなしご, rōmaji minashigo)

an orphan

Derived terms

孤児 (みなしご)薬 (やく) (minashigo yaku): an orphan drug

References

2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan

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[DJR-1] 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[KDJ-2] 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan