大きい

Japanese

Kanji in this term
おお
Grade: 1
kun’yomi
See also 大きな

Alternative forms

Etymology

/opoki//oɸoki//oɸokiki//owokiː//oːkiː/

Appears in the Muromachi period, 1337 to 1573 CE.

From older adjectival noun  (おお) (ōki), derived from attributive form ōki of cognate adjective ōshi (meaning both “large” or “many”, spelled as  (おお) (ōshi) or  (おお) (ōshi), modern Japanese  (おお) (ōi, many)), in turn derived from Old Japanese adjectival noun opo (“indistinct; of uncertain size, shape, or amount”; read as ō in modern Japanese, spelled as or ).

Pronunciation

Adjective

大きい (-i inflection, hiragana おおきい, rōmaji ōkii, historical hiragana おほきい)

  1. big
  2. broad, immense

Usage notes

 (おお)きい (ōkii) and  (おお)きな (ōkina) are essentially the same word. However, while ōkii can be used both attributively and to end a sentence, ōkina can only be used attributively, and must be followed by a noun or noun phrase.

  • Correct grammar:
    あの (くるま) (おお)きい。/あの (くるま) (おお)きいです。
    Ano kuruma wa ōkii. / Ano kuruma wa ōkii desu.
    That car is big.
  • Incorrect grammar:
    あの (くるま) (おお)きな。/あの (くるま) (おお)きなです。
    Ano kuruma wa ōkina. / Ano kuruma wa ōkina desu.
    *That car is a big __.

Since  (おお)きな (ōkina) can only be used attributively, a noun always follows it.

Inflection

Synonyms

Antonyms

References

  1. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
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