ես

See also: Appendix:Variations of "es"

Armenian

Etymology 1

From Old Armenian ես (es).

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Pronoun

ես • (es)

  1. (personal) I
    Ես ունեմ մեծ տուն։ ― Es unem mec tun. ― I have a big house.
Declension
    declension of ես   (Eastern Armenian)
singular
nominative ես (es)
genitive իմ (im)
dative ինձ (inj)
accusative ինձ (inj)
ablative ինձնից/ինձանից (injnicʿ/injanicʿ)
instrumental ինձնով/ինձանով (injnov/injanov)
locative ինձնում/ինձանում (injnum/injanum)
See also
Eastern Armenian personal pronouns
singular plural
1st person ես (es) մենք (menkʿ)
2nd person familiar դու (du) դուք (dukʿ)
polite Դուք (Dukʿ)
3rd person նա (na) նրանք (nrankʿ)
Western Armenian personal pronouns (Traditional orthography)
singular plural
1st person ես (es) մենք (menkʿ)
2nd person familiar դուն (dun) դուք (dukʿ)
polite Դուք (Dukʿ)
3rd person ան (an) անոնք (anonkʿ)

Etymology 2

From Old Armenian ես (es).

Alternative forms

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [ɛs]
  • IPA(key): [jɛs] (following a vowel)

Verb

ես • (es)

  1. second-person singular present of եմ (em)
    Դու հայ ես։ ― Du hay es. ― You are Armenian.
    Դու հայ չես։ ― Du hay čʿes. ― You are not an Armenian.
    Դու գիրքը կարդալու ես։ ― Du girkʿə kardalu es. ― You will read the book.

Old Armenian

Etymology 1

From Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂.

Pronoun

ես • (es)

  1. (personal) I
    ես ինքն ― es inkʿn ― myself
    ահաւասիկ ես ― ahawasik es ― here I am, here am I
    ես եմ ― es em ― it is I
Declension
pronominal
singular plural
nominative ես (es) մեք (mekʿ)
genitive իմ (im) մեր (mer)
dative ինձ (inj) մեզ (mez)
accusative իս (is) մեզ (mez)
ablative ինէն, ինձէն1 (inēn, injēn1) մէնջ, մեզէն1, մեզոյն1 (mēnǰ, mezēn1, mezoyn1)
instrumental ինեւ (inew) մեւք, մեօք = մեաւք (mewkʿ, meōkʿ = meawkʿ)
locative իս (is) մեզ (mez)
an instrumental ինեաւ (ineaw) is also attested; moreover, an ablative իսանէ (isanē) is attested post-classically
1 these secondary ablative forms may be used in an intensifying role:
ես ինձէն աչօք տեսի ― es injēn ačʿōkʿ tesi ― I saw with my own eyes
Descendants

Etymology 2

From Proto-Indo-European *h₁éssi, second-person singular present indicative of *h₁ésti.

Verb

ես • (es)

  1. second-person singular present active indicative of եմ (em)

References
  • Petrosean, H. Matatʿeay V. (1879), “ես”, in Nor Baṙagirkʿ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
  • Awetikʿean, G.; Siwrmēlean, X.; Awgerean, M. (1836–1837), “ես”, in Nor baṙgirkʿ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
  • Ačaṙean, Hračʿeay (1971–1979), “ես”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Dictionary of Armenian Root Words] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press
  • Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 255
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