кяль

See also: калъ

Moksha

Etymology

From Proto-Uralic *käle. Cognates include Finnish kieli, Estonian keel and Northern Sami giella.[1]

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /kʲælʲ/

Noun

кяль • (kjalʹ)

  1. language, speech
    • O. Je. Poljakov (1993) Russko-mokšanskij razgovornik [Russian-Moksha phrasebook], Saransk: Mordovskoje knižnoje izdatelʹstvo, →ISBN
      Тинь корхтада [sic? корхтатада] (тон корхтат) рузкс, английскяй кяльса, немецокс, французкс?
      Tinʹ korxtada [sic? korxtatada] (ton korxtat) ruzks, anglijskjaj kjalʹsa, nemecoks, francuzks?
      Do you [pl.] (you [sg.]) speak Russian, English (lit. "in English language"), German, French?
      Английскяй и французскяй кяльхнень аф содасайне.
      Anglijskjaj i francuzskjaj kjalʹxnenʹ af sodasajne.
      I don't know English and French (lit. "I don't know of the English and French languages.")
      Тинь кунара тонафнесасть (тонафнесак) рузонь кяльть, мокшень кяльть?
      Tinʹ kunara tonafnesastʹ (tonafnesak) ruzonʹ kjalʹtʹ, mokšenʹ kjalʹtʹ?
      Are you [pl.] (you [sg.]) studying Russian, Moksha (lit. "studying of the Russian language, of the Moksha language") for a long time?
      Мокшень, эрзянь, финскяй, венгерскяй, эстонскяй, марийскяй, коми и лия кяльхне сувсихть уральскяй кялень группати.
      Mokšenʹ, erzjanʹ, finskjaj, vengerskjaj, estonskjaj, marijskjaj, komi i lija kjalʹxne suvsixtʹ uralʹskjaj kjalenʹ gruppati.
      Moksha, Erzya, Finnish, Hungarian, Estonian, Mari, Komi and other languages belong to the Uralic language group.
      Нинге кодама кяльхть сувсихть уральскяй кялень группати?
      Ninge kodama kjalʹxtʹ suvsixtʹ uralʹskjaj kjalenʹ gruppati?
      What other languages belong to the Uralic language group?
      Кялец юмась.
      Kjalec jumasʹ.
      Losing one's speech (becoming speechless.)
  2. (anatomy) tongue
    • O. Je. Poljakov (1993) Russko-mokšanskij razgovornik [Russian-Moksha phrasebook], Saransk: Mordovskoje knižnoje izdatelʹstvo, →ISBN
      Монь сяряди кялезе
      Monʹ sjarjadi kjaleze
      My tongue hurts
      Кувака кяль
      Kuvaka kjalʹ
      Long tongue (figuratively "big mouth")
      Оржа кяль
      Orža kjalʹ
      Sharp tongue
      Мезе мяльсот, ся и кяльсот
      Meze mjalʹsot, sja i kjalʹsot
      What is on your mind is on your tongue (lit. "in your tongue")
      Кяльцень нильсак
      Kjalʹcenʹ nilʹsak
      You will swallow your tongue (figuratively "mouthwatering, tasty")

Declension
Indefinite declension of кяль
singular plural
nominative кяль (kjalʹ) кяльхть (kjalʹxtʹ)
genitive кялень (kjalenʹ) —
dative кяленди (kjalendi) —
ablative кяльда (kjalʹda) —
inessive кяльса (kjalʹsa) —
elative кяльста (kjalʹsta) —
illative кяльс (kjalʹs) —
prolative кяльге (kjalʹge) —
comparative кяльшка (kjalʹška) —
translative кялькс (kjalʹks) —
abessive кяльфтома (kjalʹftoma) —
causative кяленкса (kjalenksa) —
Definite declension of кяль
singular plural
nominative кяльсь (kjalʹsʹ) кяльхне (kjalʹxne)
genitive кяльть (kjalʹtʹ) кяльхнень (kjalʹxnenʹ)
dative кяльти (kjalʹti) кяльхненди (kjalʹxnendi)
Possessive declension of кяль
first person singular (монь (monʹ))
one possession multiple possessions
nominative кялезе (kjaleze) кяльне (kjalʹne)
genitive кялезень (kjalezenʹ) кяльнень (kjalʹnenʹ)
dative кялезти (kjalezti) кяльненди (kjalʹnendi)
ablative кяльдон (kjalʹdon)
inessive кяльсон (kjalʹson)
elative кяльстон (kjalʹston)
illative кялезон (kjalezon)
prolative кяльган (kjalʹgan)
comparative кяльшкан (kjalʹškan)
abessive кяльфтомон (kjalʹftomon)
second person singular (тонь (tonʹ))
one possession multiple possessions
nominative кяльце (kjalʹce) кяльхне (kjalʹxne)
genitive кяльцень (kjalʹcenʹ) кяльхнень (kjalʹxnenʹ)
dative кяльценди (kjalʹcendi) кяльхненди (kjalʹxnendi)
ablative кяльдот (kjalʹdot)
inessive кяльсот (kjalʹsot)
elative кяльстот (kjalʹstot)
illative кялезт (kjalezt)
prolative кяльгат (kjalʹgat)
comparative кяльшкат (kjalʹškat)
abessive кяльфтомот (kjalʹftomot)
third person singular (сонь (sonʹ))
one possession multiple possessions
nominative кялец (kjalec) кяленза (kjalenza)
genitive кяленц (kjalenc) кялензон (kjalenzon)
dative кяленцты (kjalencty) кялензонды (kjalenzondy)
ablative кяльдонза (kjalʹdonza)
inessive кяльсонза (kjalʹsonza)
elative кяльстонза (kjalʹstonza)
illative кялезонза (kjalezonza)
prolative кяльганза (kjalʹganza)
comparative кяльшканза (kjalʹškanza)
abessive кяльфтомонза (kjalʹftomonza)
first person plural (минь (minʹ))
one or multiple possessions
nominative кяленьке (kjalenʹke)
genitive кяленьконь (kjalenʹkonʹ)
dative кяленьконди (kjalenʹkondi)
ablative кяльдонк (kjalʹdonk)
inessive кяльсонк (kjalʹsonk)
elative кяльстонк (kjalʹstonk)
illative кялезонк (kjalezonk)
prolative кяльганк (kjalʹgank)
comparative кяльшканк (kjalʹškank)
abessive кяльфтомонк (kjalʹftomonk)
second person plural (тинь (tinʹ))
one or multiple possessions
nominative кяленте (kjalente)
genitive кялентень (kjalentenʹ)
dative кялентенди (kjalentendi)
ablative кяльдонт (kjalʹdont)
inessive кяльсонт (kjalʹsont)
elative кяльстонт (kjalʹstont)
illative кялезонт (kjalezont)
prolative кяльгант (kjalʹgant)
comparative кяльшкант (kjalʹškant)
abessive кяльфтомонт (kjalʹftomont)
third person plural (синь (sinʹ))
one or multiple possessions
nominative кяльсна (kjalʹsna)
genitive кяльснон (kjalʹsnon)
dative кяльснонды (kjalʹsnondy)
ablative кяльдост (kjalʹdost)
inessive кяльсост (kjalʹsost)
elative кяльстост (kjalʹstost)
illative кялезост (kjalezost)
prolative кяльгаст (kjalʹgast)
comparative кяльшкаст (kjalʹškast)
abessive кяльфтомост (kjalʹftomost)

Coordinate terms

Derived terms

References
  1. keel in Metsmägi, Iris; Sedrik, Meeli; Soosaar, Sven-Erik (2012), Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat, Tallinn: Eesti Keele Instituut, →ISBN
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.