roka
Fijian
Latvian
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Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *ránkāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *wrenk-, *wronk-, derived from the zero grade of the root *wer- (“to turn, to bend”). The original meaning was therefore “bent, bending (organ, limb)”.[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ɾùoka]
Noun
roka f (4th declension)
- (anatomy) hand, arm (each of the upper limbs of the human body, from shoulder to palm)
- kreisā, labā roka ― left, right hand, arm
- spēcīgas, muskuļainas rokas ― strong, muscular arms
- veiklas rokas ― agile, skillful hands
- aiz, pie rokas ― (taking someone) by the hand
- uz rokām ― (holding, lifting something) in the arms
- zem rokas ― (holding something) under (one's) arm
- roku rokā ― hand in hand
- māt, mest ar roku ― to wave one's hand(s)
- sniegt, dot roku ― to give, to offer (one's) hand (for a handshake)
- piedāvāt roku ― to offer (one's) hand, arm (for support)
- spiest, paspiest, saspiest roku ― to shake hand(s)
- rokas spiediens ― handshake
- vilkt cimdus rokā ― to put gloves on one's hand(s)
- paņemt rokā grāmatu ― to take the book in one's hand(s)
- maciņš izkrīt no rokas ― the little wallet fell out of (his) hand(s)
- māte mēdz iespiest rokas sānos ― mother used to press her arms against her side
- lai gan nav auksti, tomēr Juris mauc rokā pirkstainus cimdus ― though it is not cold, Juris puts on his hand(s) the fingered gloves (i.e., not mittens, but gloves with actual places for each of the five fingers)
- (in the genitive, used adjectivally) hand ..., manual (to be used with one's hands, arms; to be done, carried out with one's hands, arms)
- rokas bremze ― hand brake
- rokas svari ― hand-held weights
- rokas sūknis ― hand pump
- rokas zāģis, rokzāģis ― hand saw
- rokas granāta ― hand grenade
- rokas bagaža ― hand luggage
- rokas pulkstenis ― wrist (lit. hand) watch
- roku dzelži ― handcuffs
- roku dvielis ― hand towel
- rokas sprādze, rokassprādze ― bracelets (hand buckle)
- rokas soma, rokassoma ― handbag
- roku darbs ― manual labor; handmade item (lit. hand work)
- rokas veidošana ― manual fabrication (= built manually)
- ar automātiskajām centrālēm aizstātas rokas apkalpes telefona centrāles ― with automatic (phone) exchanges manual service was replaced in telephone (= call) centers
- (colloquial) sleeve (part of a garment that covers one's arms)
- kleita ar garām rokām ― a dress with long arms (= sleeves)
- atrotīt krekla rokas ― to roll up the shirt's arms (= sleeves)
- (technology) arm (a long, mobile mechanical device or part of a mechanical device; a handle)
- mehāniskā roka ― mechanical arm, hand
- robota roka satver apaļu metāla sagatavi un paliek to zem spiednes ― the robot hand griped the circular metal object and placed it under the press
- turamās rokas arklam ar skaista līkumā izliektiem apaļiem galiem koši zilas ― the bright blue plow hands (= handles) with round ends bent in a beautifully arch
Usage notes
Latvian roka, like Russian рука (ruka), refers both to a person's entire arm and more specifically to a person's hand; context usually clarifies which interpretation is best. It is the most frequent term in both senses. The word delms “upper limb; arm between shoulder and hand” is rare and academic, and plauksta, though sometimes translatable as “hand,” refers more specifically to the palm of the hand.
Declension
Synonyms
- (of "sleeve"): piedurkne
- (of "handle"): rokturis
Derived terms
References
- Karulis, Konstantīns (1992), “roka”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN
Serbo-Croatian
Noun
roka f (Cyrillic spelling рока)
- (Kajkavian) hand, arm
- 1936, Miroslav Krleža, Balade Petrice Kerempuha
- Z rokami v črevu znuternje mertvečke,
- v kervavem drobu, z rokavi zaferknjeni,
- 1936, Miroslav Krleža, Balade Petrice Kerempuha
Slovene
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *rǫka, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ránkāˀ.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /rɔ̀ːka/
- Tonal orthography: róka
- Hyphenation: ro‧ka
Declension
This noun needs an inflection-table template.
This noun needs an inflection-table template.
Related terms
- rôčen
Turkish
Etymology
From Ottoman Turkish روقه (roka), from Greek ρόκα (róka). Whereas اروقه (aruka) is from Italian eruca. All from Latin ērūca (“rocket”).
Declension
Inflection | ||
---|---|---|
Nominative | roka | |
Definite accusative | rokayı | |
Singular | Plural | |
Nominative | roka | rokalar |
Definite accusative | rokayı | rokaları |
Dative | rokaya | rokalara |
Locative | rokada | rokalarda |
Ablative | rokadan | rokalardan |
Genitive | rokanın | rokaların |
References
- Meyer, Gustav (1892), “Türkische Studien. I. Die griechischen und romanischen Bestandtheile im Wortschatze des Osmanisch-Türkischen”, in Sitzungsberichte der philosophisch-historischen Classe der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften (in German), volume 128, Wien: In Commission bei F. Tempsky, page 29