ruka

See also: rúka

Czech

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *rǫka, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ránkāˀ.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈruka/
  • audio(file)
  • Rhymes: -uka

Noun

ruka f

  1. hand

Declension
    declension of ruka
singular plural dual
nominative ruka ruce ruce
genitive ruky ruk rukou
dative ruce rukám rukám
accusative ruku ruce ruce
vocative ruko ruce ruce
prepositional ruce rukách rukou, rukách
instrumental rukou rukami rukama

Synonyms
Related terms

Further reading
  • ruka in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
  • ruka in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989

Lower Sorbian
ruce

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *rǫka, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ránkāˀ.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈruka/

Noun

ruka f (diminutive rucka)

  1. hand
  2. arm

Declension
Declension of ruka
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative ruka ruce ruki
Genitive ruki rukowu rukow
Dative ruce rukoma rukam
Accusative ruku ruce ruki
Instrumental ruku rukoma rukami
Locative ruce rukoma rukach

Further reading
  • ruka in Ernst Muka/Mucke (St. Petersburg and Prague 1911–28): Słownik dolnoserbskeje rěcy a jeje narěcow / Wörterbuch der nieder-wendischen Sprache und ihrer Dialekte. Reprinted 2008, Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag.
  • ruka in Manfred Starosta (1999): Dolnoserbsko-nimski słownik / Niedersorbisch-deutsches Wörterbuch. Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag.

Mapudungun

Pronunciation
  • Audio(file)

Noun

ruka (using Raguileo Alphabet)

  1. house

Descendants

References
  • Wixaleyiñ: Mapucezugun-wigkazugun pici hemvlcijka (Wixaleyiñ: Small Mapudungun-Spanish dictionary), Beretta, Marta; Cañumil, Dario; Cañumil, Tulio, 2008.

Molise Croatian

Etymology

From Serbo-Croatian ruka.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /rǔːkḁ/

Noun

ruka f

  1. hand

Declension
    declension of ruka
singular plural
nominative ruka ruke
genitive ruke ruki, ruk
dative ruku ruki, rukami
accusative ruku ruke
locative ruku ruke
instrumental rukom ruki, rukami

References
  • Walter Breu and Giovanni Piccoli (2000), Dizionario croato molisano di Acquaviva Collecroce: Dizionario plurilingue della lingua slava della minoranza di provenienza dalmata di Acquaviva Collecroce in Provincia di Campobasso (Parte grammaticale).

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *rǫka, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ránkāˀ.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /rǔːka/
  • Hyphenation: ru‧ka

Noun

rúka f (Cyrillic spelling ру́ка)

  1. arm
  2. hand

Declension
Declension of ruka
singular plural
nominative rúka rȗke
genitive ruke rȕkū / rȕkā
dative rúci rukama
accusative ruku ruke
vocative ruko ruke
locative rúci rukama
instrumental rukom rukama

Synonyms

Derived terms

See also

Slovak

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *rǫka, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ránkāˀ.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈruka/

Noun

ruka f (genitive singular ruky, nominative plural ruky, genitive plural rúk, declension pattern of žena)

  1. The upper limb of a human, an arm
  2. The hand of a human
  3. The hand of a monkey
  4. A device similar to a hand or functioning as one
    drevená ruka – a wooden hand (artificial limb)
  5. handwriting

Declension
Declension of ruka
singular plural
nominative ruka ruky
genitive ruky rúk
dative ruke rukám
accusative ruku ruky
locative ruke rukách
instrumental rukou rukami

Derived terms

Further reading
  • ruka in Slovak dictionaries at korpus.sk

Swahili

Verb

-ruka (infinitive kuruka)

  1. to jump
  2. to fly
  3. to transgress
  4. to denounce
  5. to shrink clothes

Conjugation
Conjugation of -ruka
Non-finite forms
Form Positive Negative
Infinitive kuruka kutoruka
Simple finite forms
Positive form Singular Plural
Imperative ruka rukeni
Habitual huruka
Complex finite forms
Polarity Persons Persons / Classes Classes
1st 2nd 3rd / M-wa M-mi Ma Ki-vi N U Ku Pa Mu
Sg. Pl. Sg. Pl. Sg. / 1 Pl. / 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 / 14 15 / 17 16 18
Past
Positive niliruka
naliruka		 tuliruka
twaliruka		 uliruka
waliruka		 mliruka
mwaliruka		 aliruka waliruka uliruka iliruka liliruka yaliruka kiliruka viliruka iliruka ziliruka uliruka kuliruka paliruka muliruka
Relative nilioruka
nalioruka		 tulioruka
twalioruka		 ulioruka
walioruka		 mlioruka
mwalioruka		 alioruka walioruka ulioruka ilioruka lilioruka yalioruka kilioruka vilioruka ilioruka zilioruka ulioruka kulioruka palioruka mulioruka
Negative sikuruka hatukuruka hukuruka hamkuruka hakuruka hawakuruka haukuruka haikuruka halikuruka hayakuruka hakikuruka havikuruka haikuruka hazikuruka haukuruka hakukuruka hapakuruka hamukuruka
Present
Positive ninaruka
naruka		 tunaruka unaruka mnaruka anaruka wanaruka unaruka inaruka linaruka yanaruka kinaruka vinaruka inaruka zinaruka unaruka kunaruka panaruka munaruka
Relative ninaoruka
naoruka		 tunaoruka unaoruka mnaoruka anaoruka wanaoruka unaoruka inaoruka linaoruka yanaoruka kinaoruka vinaoruka inaoruka zinaoruka unaoruka kunaoruka panaoruka munaoruka
Negative siruki haturuki huruki hamruki haruki hawaruki hauruki hairuki haliruki hayaruki hakiruki haviruki hairuki haziruki hauruki hakuruki haparuki hamuruki
Future
Positive nitaruka tutaruka utaruka mtaruka ataruka wataruka utaruka itaruka litaruka yataruka kitaruka vitaruka itaruka zitaruka utaruka kutaruka pataruka mutaruka
Relative nitakaoruka tutakaoruka utakaoruka mtakaoruka atakaoruka watakaoruka utakaoruka itakaoruka litakaoruka yatakaoruka kitakaoruka vitakaoruka itakaoruka zitakaoruka utakaoruka kutakaoruka patakaoruka mutakaoruka
Negative sitaruka hatutaruka hutaruka hamtaruka hataruka hawataruka hautaruka haitaruka halitaruka hayataruka hakitaruka havitaruka haitaruka hazitaruka hautaruka hakutaruka hapataruka hamutaruka
Subjunctive
Positive niruke turuke uruke mruke aruke waruke uruke iruke liruke yaruke kiruke viruke iruke ziruke uruke kuruke paruke muruke
Negative nisiruke tusiruke usiruke msiruke asiruke wasiruke usiruke isiruke lisiruke yasiruke kisiruke visiruke isiruke zisiruke usiruke kusiruke pasiruke musiruke
Present Conditional
Positive ningeruka tungeruka ungeruka mngeruka angeruka wangeruka ungeruka ingeruka lingeruka yangeruka kingeruka vingeruka ingeruka zingeruka ungeruka kungeruka pangeruka mungeruka
Negative nisingeruka
singeruka		 tusingeruka
hatungeruka		 usingeruka
hungeruka		 msingeruka
hamngeruka		 asingeruka
hangeruka		 wasingeruka
hawangeruka		 usingeruka
haungeruka		 isingeruka
haingeruka		 lisingeruka
halingeruka		 yasingeruka
hayangeruka		 kisingeruka
hakingeruka		 visingeruka
havingeruka		 isingeruka
haingeruka		 zisingeruka
hazingeruka		 usingeruka
haungeruka		 kusingeruka
hakungeruka		 pasingeruka
hapangeruka		 musingeruka
hamungeruka
Past Conditional
Positive ningaliruka tungaliruka ungaliruka mngaliruka angaliruka wangaliruka ungaliruka ingaliruka lingaliruka yangaliruka kingaliruka vingaliruka ingaliruka zingaliruka ungaliruka kungaliruka pangaliruka mungaliruka
Negative nisingaliruka
singaliruka		 tusingaliruka
hatungaliruka		 usingaliruka
hungaliruka		 msingaliruka
hamngaliruka		 asingaliruka
hangaliruka		 wasingaliruka
hawangaliruka		 usingaliruka
haungaliruka		 isingaliruka
haingaliruka		 lisingaliruka
halingaliruka		 yasingaliruka
hayangaliruka		 kisingaliruka
hakingaliruka		 visingaliruka
havingaliruka		 isingaliruka
haingaliruka		 zisingaliruka
hazingaliruka		 usingaliruka
haungaliruka		 kusingaliruka
hakungaliruka		 pasingaliruka
hapangaliruka		 musingaliruka
hamungaliruka
Conditional Contrary to Fact
Positive ningeliruka tungeliruka ungeliruka mngeliruka angeliruka wangeliruka ungeliruka ingeliruka lingeliruka yangeliruka kingeliruka vingeliruka ingeliruka zingeliruka ungeliruka kungeliruka pangeliruka mungeliruka
General Relative
Positive nirukao turukao urukao mrukao arukao warukao urukao irukao lirukao yarukao kirukao virukao irukao zirukao urukao kurukao parukao murukao
Negative nisioruka tusioruka usioruka msioruka asioruka wasioruka usioruka isioruka lisioruka yasioruka kisioruka visioruka isioruka zisioruka usioruka kusioruka pasioruka musioruka
Gnomic
Positive naruka twaruka waruka mwaruka aruka waruka waruka yaruka laruka yaruka charuka vyaruka yaruka zaruka waruka kwaruka paruka mwaruka
Perfect
Positive nimeruka tumeruka umeruka mmeruka ameruka wameruka umeruka imeruka limeruka yameruka kimeruka vimeruka imeruka zimeruka umeruka kumeruka pameruka mumeruka
"Already"
Positive nimesharuka tumesharuka umesharuka mmesharuka amesharuka wamesharuka umesharuka imesharuka limesharuka yamesharuka kimesharuka vimesharuka imesharuka zimesharuka umesharuka kumesharuka pamesharuka mumesharuka
"Not yet"
Negative sijaruka hatujaruka hujaruka hamjaruka hajaruka hawajaruka haujaruka haijaruka halijaruka hayajaruka hakijaruka havijaruka haijaruka hazijaruka haujaruka hakujaruka hapajaruka hamujaruka
"If/When"
Positive nikiruka tukiruka ukiruka mkiruka akiruka wakiruka ukiruka ikiruka likiruka yakiruka kikiruka vikiruka ikiruka zikiruka ukiruka kukiruka pakiruka mukiruka
"If not"
Negative nisiporuka tusiporuka usiporuka msiporuka asiporuka wasiporuka usiporuka isiporuka lisiporuka yasiporuka kisiporuka visiporuka isiporuka zisiporuka usiporuka kusiporuka pasiporuka musiporuka
Consecutive
Positive nikaruka tukaruka ukaruka mkaruka akaruka wakaruka ukaruka ikaruka likaruka yakaruka kikaruka vikaruka ikaruka zikaruka ukaruka kukaruka pakaruka mukaruka
Not all possible forms are listed in the table. Transitive verbs can take object concords, relative concords can agree with all noun classes, and many other forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Upper Sorbian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *rǫka, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ránkāˀ.

Noun

ruka f

  1. hand

Declension
Declension of ruka
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative ruka ruce ruki
Genitive ruki rukow rukow
Dative ruce rukomaj rukam
Accusative ruku ruce ruki
Instrumental ruku rukomaj rukami
Locative ruce rukomaj rukach
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