pena

From Old Occitan pena, from Latin poena, from Ancient Greek ποινή (poinḗ).

• (Balearic) IPA^(key): /ˈpə.nə/
• (Central) IPA^(key): /ˈpɛ.nə/
• (Valencian) IPA^(key): /ˈpe.na/

pena f (plural penes)

1. punishment, penalty
2. grief, sorrow, pain
3. a shame, a pity

• penal
• penar

pena

1. third-person singular present indicative form of penar
2. second-person singular imperative form of penar

• IPA^(key): /ˈpena̝/

From Old Galician and Old Portuguese pena (displacing pẽa), from Latin poena, from Ancient Greek ποινή (poinḗ, “penalty, fine, bloodmoney”), from Proto-Indo-European *kʷoynéh₂.

pena f (plural penas)

1. punishment, penalty
   • 1370, Enrique Cal Pardo (ed.), Colección diplomática medieval do arquivo da catedral de Mondoñedo. Santiago: Consello da Cultura Galega, page 103:

     o bispo et esse Ferrand Bonome por si et por sa moller se obligaron su pena de mill mor. da boa moneda para gardaren a vnna parte aa outra todas estas cousas

     the bishop and this Fernando Bonome, for him and for his wife, compromised themselves, under a penalty of a thousand coins, to respect this agreement

   Synonym: castigo

2. pain; sadness
   • 1370, Ramón Lorenzo (ed.), Crónica troiana, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 731:

     en guisa que a sua alma ouuese bẽeyçóm et nõ andase en pena

     so that his soul would be blessed and wouldn't wander in pain

   Synonyms: dor, tristura

• penar
• penitencia
• penitente
• que pena
• vale a pena

From Old Galician and Old Portuguese pena, from Latin pinna (“feather, wing”), from Proto-Indo-European *péth₂r̥ ~ pth₂én- (“feather, wing”), from *peth₂- (“to fly”).

pena f (plural penas)

1. vanes or blades of a water wheel

   Synonym: aspa

2. (archaic) feather

   Synonym: pluma

3. (archaic) pelt
   • 1409, J. L. Pensado Tomé (ed.), Rufus, Jordanus: Tratado de Albeitaria. Santiago de Compostela: Centro Ramón Piñeiro, page 133:

     coito todo ensenbra con pena de gallina

     all of that boiled together with a hen pelt

   Synonym: pelica

• depenar (“to pluck, to peel”)
• depenicar (“to pluck”)
• penacho (“tuft, crest”)

Pena do Guerreiro (rock known as "the Warrior"), Carnota, Galicia

Either from Latin pinna ("feather, wing"; then "merlon, fortress"; then, hypothetically, "rock"), or from Proto-Celtic *kʷennom (“head”).[1][2]

pena f (plural penas)

1. boulder, rock
   • 1370, Ramón Lorenzo (ed.), Crónica troiana, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 688:

     alý se leuãtara hũa pena, que era en çima moy chãa et moyto alta contra o çeo

     there a rock stood, which was very flat at the top and which rose very high

• “pena” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006-2012.
• “pena” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006-2016.
• “pena” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006-2013.
• "pena" in Santamarina, Antón (coord.): Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega. <http://ilg.usc.es/TILG/>
• “pena” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

From Portuguese pena. Cognates with Kabuverdianu péna.

pena

1. feather

From Dutch pen

pena (plural pena-pena, first-person possessive penaku, second-person possessive penamu, third-person possessive penanya)

1. pen (writing utensil)

• bolpen

From Latin poena, from Ancient Greek ποινή (poinḗ).

• IPA^(key): /ˈpena/, [ˈpeː.na]
• Hyphenation: pé‧na

pena f (plural pene)

1. sorrow
2. trouble
3. worry, anxiety
4. pity
5. sentence, penalty, punishment
6. pain

• castigo
• punizione

• appena
• penale
• penare
• valere la pena
• prendersi la pena
• fare pena
• istituto di pena

pena

1. inflection of penare:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative

• pane

From Latin poena, from Ancient Greek ποινή (poinḗ).

pena f (plural penes)

1. penalty, punishment

• pęna (orthographic variant using the e caudata)

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈpeː.na/

pēna f (genitive pēnae); first declension

1. Alternative form of poena [Mediaeval–early New Latin]

First declension.

• pena in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• pena in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire Illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
• pena in Ramminger, Johann (accessed 16 July 2016) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎, pre-publication website, 2005-2016

From Latin poena, from Ancient Greek ποινή (poinḗ).

pena f (oblique plural penas, nominative singular pena, nominative plural penas)

1. pain; suffering

• dolor

• Catalan: pena
• Occitan: pena

From Old Portuguese pena (displacing pẽa), from Latin poena, from Ancient Greek ποινή (poinḗ, “penalty, fine, bloodmoney”), from Proto-Indo-European *kʷoynéh₂.

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈpe.nɐ/
• Hyphenation: pe‧na

pena f (plural penas)

1. punishment
2. pain; sadness

• (punishment): castigo, condenação
• (pain; sadness): dor, tristeza

pena

1. pity (what a shame, what a pity)

• penar
• penitência
• penitente
• que pena
• vale a pena

From Old Portuguese pena, from Latin penna and pinna, from Proto-Italic *petnā (“feather, wing”), from Proto-Indo-European *péth₂r̥ ~ pth₂én- (“feather, wing”), from *peth₂- (“to fly”).

pena

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈpe.nɐ/

pena f (plural penas)

1. feather
2. quill (pen made from a feather)
3. (dated) Alternative form of penha

• (feather): pluma

• penada
• Pena
• Penacova
• Penafiel
• Penalva

• plumagem
• penugem

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈpɛ.nɐ/

pena

1. third-person singular (ele and ela, also used with você and others) present indicative of penar
2. second-person singular (tu, sometimes used with você) affirmative imperative of penar

• (Ijekavian): pjȅna

From Proto-Slavic *pěna.

pȅna f (Cyrillic spelling пе̏на)

1. foam

From Proto-Slavic *pěna.

• IPA^(key): /ˈpɛna/

pena f (genitive singular peny, nominative plural peny, genitive plural pien, declension pattern of žena)

1. foam

• penový
• pienka

• pena in Slovak dictionaries at korpus.sk

From Proto-Slavic *pěna.

• IPA^(key): /ˈpèːna/
• Tonal orthography: pẹ́na

péna f (genitive péne, uncountable)

1. foam

From Old Spanish pena, from Latin poena, from Ancient Greek ποινή (poinḗ).

• IPA^(key): /ˈpena/
• Hyphenation: pe‧na

pena f (plural penas)

1. punishment
2. pain, sadness
3. trouble
4. (Latin America) embarrassment
5. pity

• (punishment): castigo, condena
• (pain, sadness): dolor, tristeza
• (trouble): problema, dificultad
• (embarrassment): vergüenza
• (pity): lástima

• apenar
• dar pena
• penar
• penitencia
• penitente
• penoso
• valer la pena

pena

1. Informal second-person singular (tú) affirmative imperative form of penar.
2. Formal second-person singular (usted) present indicative form of penar.
3. Third-person singular (él, ella, also used with usted^?) present indicative form of penar.

From Italian penna.

• IPA^(key): /ˈpɛnɑ/
• Hyphenation: pe‧na

pena (definite accusative penayı, plural penalar)

1. (music) plectrum

• mızrap
• çalgıç
• tezene

From Latin paene. Compare Italian appena.

pena

1. hardly