kurt
Central Franconian
Etymology
From Old High German kurt, from Proto-Germanic *kurtaz, from Latin curtus. The word was borrowed around the time when the High German consonant shift ceased to be active, which explains the Old High German doublets kurt and kurz. The fact that within Central Franconian the t-form is northern, may imply that it has been reinforced by Low Franconian and Low German influence.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /kuə̯t/
Adjective
kurt (masculine kurte, feminine kurt, comparative kürter, superlative et' kürzte or kürtste)
- (Ripuarian, north-western Moselle Franconian) short; not long
- Och, fröhter hätte mer us jeschaamp, met su nem kurte Kleedche op de Stroß ze john!
- Oh, in my day we would have been ashamed to go outside in such a short dress!
Czech
Alternative forms
- court (obsolete)
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈkurt]
- Rhymes: -urt
Noun
kurt m inan
- court (place arranged for playing the games of tennis, basketball, squash, badminton, volleyball and some other games)
Declension
Synonyms
Further reading
Estonian
Etymology
Of Baltic origin. Compare Latvian kurls (“deaf”) and Lithuanian kurtus, kurčias. Possibly a cognate to Finnish kuuro.
Declension
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | kurd | kurdid |
genitive | kurdi | kurdide |
partitive | kurdi | kurde / kurdisid |
illative | kurdi / kurdisse | kurdidesse |
inessive | kurdis | kurdides |
elative | kurdist | kurdidest |
allative | kurdile | kurdidele |
adessive | kurdil | kurdidel |
ablative | kurdilt | kurdidelt |
translative | kurdiks | kurdideks |
terminative | kurdini | kurdideni |
essive | kurdina | kurdidena |
abessive | kurdita | kurdideta |
comitative | kurdiga | kurdidega |
Icelandic
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkʰʏr̥t/
Noun
kurt n (genitive singular kurts, no plural)
- chivalrous, courteous, well-mannered
- modesty
- (archaic) court
Declension
Kurdish
Latvian
Etymology
From Proto-Baltic *kur-, from Proto-Indo-European *kr̥-, *ker- (“to cut”) (whence also cirst (“to cut, to strike”), q.v.). Given that in ancient times fire was produced by striking (e.g., a flint against metal), it is possible that kurt uguni originally meant “to cut, strike fire.” It is also possible that the meaning of kurt was influenced by that of a homophonous Proto-Indo-European stem *ker (“to burn, to heat”) (whence karst, q.v., and also German Herd, English hearth), which may ultimately be related to *ker- (“to cut”). Cognates include Lithuanian kùrti (“to make fire; to make, to build, to found; to create; to run”), Old Prussian kūra (“he built”), Sanskrit करोति (karṓti) (past tense कुरु (kuru)), कृनोति (kr̥nṓti, “to make, to prepare”).[1]
Verb
kurt tr., 1st conj., pres. kuru, kur, kur, past kūru
- to light, to ignite (to make something start burning or producing heat)
- kurt uguni, ugunskuru ― to light a fire
- kurt krāsni, plīti ― to light the oven, the stove
- to heat (to burn fuel in a stove in order to create heat in a certain room, building, etc.)
- kurt pirti ― to heat the bath, sauna
- (figuratively) to encourage, to incite
- kurt naidu ― to light, incite hatred
Usage notes
Level intonation is the standard intonation for the term kurt (“to light, ignite”) according to Latviešu etimoloģijas vārdnīca, pronunciation with a broken intonation is very common, however.
Conjugation
INDICATIVE (īstenības izteiksme) | IMPERATIVE (pavēles izteiksme) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Present (tagadne) |
Past (pagātne) |
Future (nākotne) | |||
1st pers. sg. | es | kuru | kūru | kuršu | — |
2nd pers. sg. | tu | kur | kūri | kursi | kur |
3rd pers. sg. | viņš, viņa | kur | kūra | kurs | lai kur |
1st pers. pl. | mēs | kuram | kūrām | kursim | kursim |
2nd pers. pl. | jūs | kurat | kūrāt | kursiet, kursit |
kuriet |
3rd pers. pl. | viņi, viņas | kur | kūra | kurs | lai kur |
RENARRATIVE (atstāstījuma izteiksme) | PARTICIPLES (divdabji) | ||||
Present | kurot | Present Active 1 (Adj.) | kurošs | ||
Past | esot kūris | Present Active 2 (Adv.) | kurdams | ||
Future | kuršot | Present Active 3 (Adv.) | kurot | ||
Imperative | lai kurot | Present Active 4 (Obj.) | kuram | ||
CONDITIONAL (vēlējuma izteiksme) | Past Active | kūris | |||
Present | kurtu | Present Passive | kurams | ||
Past | būtu kūris | Past Passive | kurts | ||
DEBITIVE (vajadzības izteiksme) | NOMINAL FORMS | ||||
Indicative | (būt) jākur | Infinitive (nenoteiksme) | kurt | ||
Conjunctive 1 | esot jākur | Negative Infinitive | nekurt | ||
Conjunctive 2 | jākurot | Verbal noun | kuršana |
Synonyms
- dedzināt
- kurināt
Derived terms
- prefixed verbs:
- aizkurt
- iekurt
- izkurt
- piekurt
- pakurt
- sakurt
- uzkurt
- other derived terms:
- kurināt
- kurties
- kurtuve
Related terms
- iekurs
- ugunskurs
References
- Karulis, Konstantīns (1992), “kurt”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN
Turkish
Etymology
From Old Turkic kurt (kurt), from Proto-Turkic *Kūrt. Compare Azerbaijani qurd, Kazakh құрт (qurt).
Declension
Inflection | ||
---|---|---|
Nominative | kurt | |
Definite accusative | kurdu | |
Singular | Plural | |
Nominative | kurt | kurtlar |
Definite accusative | kurdu | kurtları |
Dative | kurda | kurtlara |
Locative | kurtta | kurtlarda |
Ablative | kurttan | kurtlardan |
Genitive | kurdun | kurtların |
Synonyms
- (wolf): börü (dial.)
Related terms
- kurtçuk (minimisation)