etc.

See also: ETC and etc

English

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Middle English et cetera, etc., from Latin etc., an abbreviation of et cetera (and the rest [of the things]; and the other things).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˌɛt ˈsɛt(ə)ɹə/, /ˌɛkˈsɛt(ə)ɹə/ (See Usage below)
    (file)

Phrase

etc.

  1. And so on: used to note that the rest of a list or piece of information has been left out on the assumption that it is similar or already known.
    The grocery sells cucumbers, lettuce, radishes, etc.
    The plagiarism was painfully obvious: "It was the best of times, it was the worst of times," etc.

Usage notes

  • "Etc." is typically read out as the full Latin phrase et cetera rather than as letters (as with "i.e.") or as a contraction (as with "et seq."). It is, however, sometimes read out as its English calque and so on (as with "e.g.").
  • In Latin, et cetera refers solely to other things. It is therefore properly avoided in lists of people, where "et al." (that is, et alii) is used instead. "Et al." is thus sometimes sharply distinguished from "etc." in English, although the same abbreviation also can stand for the Latin et alia, which is a synonym of "etc."
  • Because "etc." effectively makes a list exhaustive, it is properly avoided when using other abbreviations (such as "e.g." and "viz.") that offer partial examples. If the "etc." is desired, "i.e." may be used in their place.
  • Some speakers use a /k/ sound in place of the /t/ in the first word. This is usually proscribed and somewhat stigmatized. It is represented in eye dialect as "excetera", "exetera", or "ekcetera".

Synonyms

Coordinate terms

Translations

Anagrams


Danish

Adverb

etc.

  1. etc.

Abbreviation

etc.

  1. Abbreviation of et cetera.

Synonyms


Fala

Etymology

From Latin et cetera (and more).

Adverb

etc.

  1. etc. (and the rest; and so forth)
    • 2000, Domingo Frades Gaspar, Vamus a falal: Notas pâ coñocel y platical en nosa fala, Editora regional da Extremadura, Anexu: Nossa Fala:
      Por siglus, a xienti de capital (rica) i as mismas Instituciós (Iglexiia, Escuelas, Xiusticia, funcionarius, etc.) tiñan a fala cumu algo de ignorantis, atrasaus, vulgariai.
      For centuries, the people from the capital (rich) and the same institutions (Church, Schools, Justice, public servants, etc.) held Fala as something of ignorant people, backward people, vulgarity.

French

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ɛt.se.te.ʁa/, (proscribed) /ɛk.se.te.ʁa/
  • (Quebec) IPA(key): /ɛt.se.te.ʁa/, (informal) /ɛt.ʃe.te.ʁa/

Adverb

etc.

  1. et cetera (and so on)

Anagrams


German

Alternative forms

Adverb

etc.

  1. etc.

Synonyms


Hungarian

Etymology

An abbreviation of Hungarian etcetera, from Latin et cetera (and the rest [of the things]; and the other things).

Pronoun

etc.

  1. etc.

Synonyms


Latin

Alternative forms

  • &c (dated, rare outside titles)
  • &c.

Abbreviation

etc.

  1. et cētera (and so forth)

Middle English

Phrase

etc.

  1. Alternative form of et cetera

Portuguese

Pronunciation

  • (Brazil) IPA(key): /et(ʃ)(i)ˈsɛteɾɐ/
  • (European Portuguese) IPA(key): /etɨˈsɛteɾɐ/

Phrase

etc.

  1. Abbreviation of et cetera.

Spanish

Alternative forms

Adverb

etc.

  1. Abbreviation of etcétera.

Swedish

Abbreviation

etc.

  1. Abbreviation of et cetera. Abbreviation of etcetera.
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