darīt

See also: dařit

Latvian

Etymology

Originally the iterative counterpart of an earlier verb *dert (to tear, to split), from Proto-Baltic *der-, from Proto-Indo-European *der- (to split, to tear, to peel). The meaning evolved as follows: “to tear, to split” > “to cut, to chop (wood)” (cf. the derived form darināt kokus “to pear, to cut (branches) off (a tree)”) > “to make by cutting (e.g., like a carpenter)” > “to make, to do.” Cognates include Lithuanian darýti (to do, to make).[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [darîːt]
(file)

Verb

darīt tr., 3rd conj., pres. daru, dari, dara, past darīju

  1. to do (to carry out, to realize something, to be busy with something)
    darīt mājas darbusto do house work
    darīt darāmoto do what is to be done, what needs to be done
    parādīt, kas jādarato show what needs to be done
    ko tu tur dari?what are you doing there?
    jāsāk kaut ko darīt(we) have to start doing something
    nē, mājās nav ko darītno, at home there is nothing to do
    Ints vairs nedarīja nekā; sastindzis, nekustīgs viņš gulēja gultāInts didn't do anything anymore; stunned, he just lay immobile in bed
    lamatas!... kur skriet?... kur bēgt? ir kaut kas jādara!...a trap!... where to run?... where to flee? there must be something to do!...
    “iesim, iesim”, sacīja Andriksons, “jālūko dzēst; darīsim, ko spēsim”“let's go, let's go,” Andriksons said, “we have to try to put it (= fire) out; we'll do what we can”
  2. to do, to make (to behave in a certain way, e.g., to cause something to happen)
    darīt nedarbusto make mischief
    darīt muļķībasto do stupid things
    darīt blēņasto do pranks
    nedarīt neko sliktuto not do anything bad, wrong
    darīt visu, kas ienāk prātāto do everything that comes to mind
    es to nedrīkstu darītI may not (= am not allowed) to do that
    dara, ko grib(he) does what (he) wants
    dara, kā patīk(he) does as (he) pleases
    pareizi darītswell, correctly done
    aplam darītsbadly, wrongly done
    tā nedrīkst darītone may not do (= act) like that
  3. to do, to make, to cause (to create, originate something with one's actions, behavior; to change the state (of someone, something) with one's action, behavior, existence)
    darīt sāpesto cause pain
    dāvana dara zēnam priekuthe gift made joy to the boy (= made him happy)
    nedarīt kaunu savam kolektīvamto not cause shame to one's team
    slaucējs jautājoši uzlūkoja Lieni: “madāma man atkal dara netaisnību”, šī sacījathe milker looked questioningly at Liene: “again madam does injustice (= is unfair) to me,” she said
    ko pats negribi sev darām, to nedari citiemwhat you don't want done to yourself, don't do to others
    saki, ko lai es daru melnajam runcim?tell me, what do (= should) I do to the black (tom)cat?
    smaids darīja seju pievilcīgua smile made (his) face attractive
    skarbais noraidījums darīja neiespējamas tālākas pārrunasharsh rejection made further negotiations impossible
    labi izvēlētas atskaņas dara dzejas valodu fonētiski skanīgākuwell-chsosen rhymes make poetic language phonetically more resonant, melodious
  4. (rare, of food, drinks, especially beer) to make, to prepare
    darīt alu, sviestuto make beer, butter
    darīt desasto make sausages
  5. (dated sense, of objects) to make
    darīt pastalasto make pastalas (= primitive shoes)
    sīki putni ligzdu darasmall birds make (their) nests
  6. (dated sense) to close (with ciet, older cieti; compare German zumachen)
    jūs acis cieti darātyou close your eyes

Conjugation

Synonyms

  • (of "carry out", "perform"): izpildīt, veikt
  • (of "make", "produce"): darināt, gatavot, taisīt, veidot
  • (of "close"): aizvērt

Derived terms

prefixed verbs:
  • aizdarīt
  • apdarīt
  • atdarīt
  • padarīt
  • pārdarīt
  • piedarīt
  • sadarīt
other derived terms:
  • darījums
  • darināt
  • darītājs, darītāja

References

  1. Karulis, Konstantīns (1992), darīt”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN
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