braukt

From Proto-Indo-European *bʰreuk- (“to stroke, to rub”) (whence also brukt, q.v.), from a stem *bʰer- (“to cut, to rub, to split; to hit”) (whence also berzt, q.v.). The meaning evolution was probably: “to scrub, to grate” > “to rub, to wipe” (a meaning still conserved in the erstwhile iterative form braucīt, and sometimes in braukt itself; see below) > “to drag, to slide” > “to make (a vehicle) slide, run” > “to go, to ride (on a vehicle)” (note that the oldest Baltic vehicles moved by sliding, without wheels). Cognates include Lithuanian bràukti “to stroke, to rub, to pull (leaves, berries etc. stuck in one's hands), to wipe (tears, sweat),” colloquially also “to ride, to race,” Russian dialectal брукать (brukatʹ) (< Proto-Slavic *brukati) “to throw, to hurl, to kick; to smear.” From a variant stem *bʰreuḱ- also Proto-Slavic *brusiti (Russian dialectal брусить (brusitʹ) “to gather leaves for animals (to eat)”, from “to pluck, to pull,” Bulgarian бруся (brúsja, “to hit, to pluck (plants)”), Czech brousit (“to sharpen, to hone, to grind; to run”), Polish brusić (“to sharpen with a whetstone, to grind”)).[1]

• IPA^(key): [bɾàwkt]

braukt intr., 1st conj., pres. braucu, brauc, brauc, past braucu

1. to go, to ride (in a vehicle)

   braukt automobilī, automašīnā ― to go by car

   braukt pajūgā, kamanās ― to go on a cart, on a sleigh

   braukt ar autobusu, ar vilcienu ― to go by bus, by train

   braukt ar tvaikoni, ar lidmašīnu ― to go by steamboat, by plane

   braukt komandējumā ― to go on a business trip, on an expedition

   braukt uz kuģa, uz kuģiem ― to go on a boat (also, to be(come) a sailor)

2. (with animal names) to go (on a cart, sled, sleigh, etc.) pulled by animals

   braukt ar zirgu ― to go on a horse-drawn cart

   braukt ar vēršiem, ar suņiem, ar briežiem ― to go on a cart pulled by oxen, by dogs, by (rein)deer

3. (transitive) to ride (a horse)

   tēvs brauc lepnus zirgus ― father is riding a proud horse

4. (in the 3rd person, speaking of vehicles, harnessed animals) to go, to move, to ride, to travel

   laiva brauc pa ezeru ― the boat is traveling on the lake

   trolejbuss brauc uz depo ― the trolleybus is going to the depot

   pajūgi brauc pa ceļa malu ― carts go on the edge of the road

   zirgs brauc pa ceļu ― the (yoked, harnessed) horse rides on the road

5. (colloquial, of fingers, hands, feet) to run (on a surface)

   kā asaras slaucīdama, viņa abām plaukstām brauca pār vaigiem ― as if wiping tears, she ran both palms (= hands) over (her) cheeks

• (of "going," but on foot): iet
• (of "riding a horse"): jāt

prefixed verbs:

other derived terms

• braucējs, braucēja
• brauciens
• braukums

• braucīt
• braukāt
• braukšus