Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/sěťi

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *sek- (“to cut”), with unexplained -ě-. Cognate with Latin secō (“to cut, to mow”). Explanations for the -ě- vary:

Rix (LIV) reconstructs an acrodynamic (Narten) present *sēk-. (In the Leiden school view of Derksen and Kortlandt, this would not yield the required acute vowel.)
Kortlandt asserts that the vowel of *sěkti was lengthened to disambiguate the verb from the root preserved in Lithuanian sèkti (“to watch, to follow”), Proto-Slavic *sočiti (“to pursue, to indicate”) < Proto-Indo-European *sekʷ-.
Derksen notes that the short root vowel is preserved in секыра (sekyra, “axe”).

Verb

*sěťi impf [1]

to cut, mow

Inflection

Conjugation of *sěťi (impf., -C-, _/ox-aorist, accent paradigm c)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*sěčenьje	*sěťi	*sěťь	*sěklъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*sěčenъ	*sěkomъ
Active	*sěkъ	*sěky

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*sěk(ox)ъ	*sěče	*sěče	*sěkǫ	*sěčeši	*sěčetь
Dual	*sěk(ox)ově	*sěk(e/os)ta	*sěk(e/os)te	*sěčevě	*sěčeta	*sěčete
Plural	*sěk(ox)omъ	*sěk(e/os)te	sěkǫ, sěkošę	*sěčemъ	*sěčete	*sěkǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*sěčaaxъ	*sěčaaše	*sěčaaše	—	*sěci	*sěci
Dual	*sěčaaxově	*sěčaašeta	*sěčaašete	*sěcěvě	*sěcěta	—
Plural	*sěčaaxomъ	*sěčaašete	*sěčaaxǫ	*sěcěmъ	*sěcěte	—

Aorist *sěkeste ⇒ *sěčeste, ...

Derived terms

*sěčivo

Related terms

*sekyra (“axe”)

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: сѣчи (sěči)
  - Belarusian: сячы́ (sjačý)
  - Russian: се́чь (séčʹ)
  - Ukrainian: сі́кти (síkty)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Cyrillic: сѣщи (sěšti)
  
  Glagolitic: ⱄⱑⱋⰹ (sěšti)
- Bulgarian: сека́ (seká)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic: се̏ћи, сје̏ћи
  
  Latin: sȅći, sjȅći
  - Chakavian (Vrgada): sȉći
  - Chakavian (Orbanići): sȅć
- Slovene: sẹ́či (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: sieci
  - Czech: síci, síct
- Polabian: sect
- Polish: siec
- Slovak: siecť
- Sorbian:
  - Upper Sorbian: syc
  - Lower Sorbian: sec

References

Derksen, Rick (2008), “*sěkti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 446: “v. (c) ‘cut, mow’”

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[1] Derksen, Rick (2008), “*sěkti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 446: “v. (c) ‘cut, mow’”