< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European
Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₃ókʷs
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This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Indo-European
Inflection
| Athematic, acrostatic | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| singular | collective | |||
| nominative | *h₃ókʷs | *h₃ékʷsōs | ||
| genitive | *h₃ékʷs | *h₃kʷsés | ||
| singular | dual | plural | collective | |
| nominative | *h₃ókʷs | *h₃ókʷsih₁ | — | *h₃ékʷsōs |
| vocative | *h₃ókʷs | *h₃ókʷsih₁ | — | *h₃ékʷsōs |
| accusative | *h₃ókʷs | *h₃ókʷsih₁ | — | *h₃ékʷsōs |
| genitive | *h₃ékʷs | *? | — | *h₃kʷsés |
| ablative | *h₃ékʷs | *? | — | *h₃kʷsés |
| dative | *h₃ékʷey | *? | — | *h₃kʷséy |
| locative | *h₃ékʷ, *h₃ékʷi | *? | — | *h₃ékʷs, *h₃ékʷsi |
| instrumental | *h₃ékʷh₁ | *? | — | *h₃kʷséh₁ |
No plural form existed, only a dual form, ending in *-ih₁:
- nominative, accusative, and vocative dual *h₃ókʷih₁
Descendants
- Albanian: sy (from dual form)
- Armenian:
- Old Armenian: ակն (akn, “eye”)
- Old Armenian: աչք (ačʿkʿ, “both eyes”), from the dual form *h₃(o)kʷih₁
- Old Armenian: յաւն (yawn, “eyebrow”) (possibly)
- Balto-Slavic: *ak-
- Germanic: *augô (see there for further descendants)
- Hellenic:
- Indo-Iranian: *Hákši (see there for further descendants)
- Tocharian: *ëk
References
- Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill
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