ak
Abinomn
Antillean Creole
Etymology
Its usage as meaning "with" and "and" is modelled after usage of similar terms in substrate languages. Its phonological form might be from French avec (“with”) or Wolof ak or both.
Pronunciation
Gagauz
Etymology
From Old Anatolian Turkish [script needed] (aq, “white”), from Proto-Turkic *āk (“white”). Cognate with Old Turkic 𐰀𐰴 (aq, “white”), Karakhanid ااقْ (āq, “white”).
Pronunciation
Gothic
Haitian Creole
Etymology
Its usage as meaning "with" and "and" is modelled after usage of similar terms in substrate languages. Its phonological form might be from French avec (“with”) or Wolof ak or both.
Pronunciation
Conjunction
ak
- and; connects two noun phrases.
- 2019 March 19, “Rankont ann Itali ant Anvwaye Espesyal Etazini ak Larisi sou Kriz Venezuela a”, in Lavwadlamerik:
- Anvwaye espesyal Etazini pou Venezuela, Elliot Abrams, ak vis-minis afè etranjè Larisi, Sergei Ryabkov, ap fè reyinyon nan vil Wòm ann Itali pou yo pale sou “sityasyon Venezuela kap agrave.”
- American Special Envoy for Venezuela Elliot Abrams and Russian Vice Minister of Foreign Affairs Sergei Ryabkov are meeting in the city of Rome, Italy to speak about "the worsening situation in Venezuela."
-
Latvian
Etymology
Borrowed from German ach (“oh”). In 16th- and 17th-century literature, o or oh was often used in this sense. In a text from 1638, German ach is translated as ok, which points to a borrowing from Russian ох (ox). The from ak, from German, was introduced in the 17th-18th century.[1]
Pronunciation
(file) |
Interjection
ak
- used to indicate various feelings: joy, excitement, fear, distress; oh! ah!
- ak, cik lieliski! ― oh! how great!
- ak, kāda laime! ― oh, such happiness!
- ak, kas par prieku! ― oh, what joy!
- ak, kā patīk! ― oh, how pleasant!
- ak, briesmas! ― oh! danger!
- ak, brīvība! tā ir vitamīns, kas dzelzij un akmenim cauri ēdas ― ah! freedom! that is a vitamin that eats through stone and iron
- vai tu viņus atradi? ak, mani bērni, mani bērniņi! ― have you found them? oh, my children, my (poor) little children!
- “matemātika”, zēns bubina un izņem grāmatu... ak vai, ak vai, un visi citi jau guļ! ― “mathematics,” the boy whispered and took the book... oh, oh (= poor me!), and all others are already sleeping (but I must study)!
- used to express certain mental states — e.g., surprise, disappointment, disapproval — in an emotional but also intelligent, perceptive way; ah! oh!
- ak, ko es redzu! ― ah! what do I see (here)!
- ak, kas par godu! ― ah! what an honor!
- ak, kā jāstrādā! ― oh! what should be done?
- ak, kaut es dabūtu! ― ah! if only I could get (that)!
- ak, tas tikai sīkums! ― oh, that's just a trifle
- ak, vasara, vasara, kā tu vari mulsināt jaunu meiču sirdis! ― ah! summer, summer, how you can confuse young girls' hearts!
- (often in combination with the pronoun tu (“you”)) used to reinforce an interjection by either literally or metaphorically attributing some characteristic to the hearer; (ah,) you ... ! you ... ! oh ...!
- ak (tu) neprāts! ― ah, you crazy one!
- ak tu palaidnis tāds! ― (ah,) you rascal!
- ak (tu) kungs! ― oh Lord!
- ak (tu) dievs! ― oh God!
- ak (tu) velns! ― oh devil!
- ak (tu) ļauna pasaule! ― oh evil world!
- nē, nē, māt, pavasarī gan grūti mirt; visas puķītes zied, putniņi dzied, ak tu jaukā pasaulīte! ― no, no, mother, it is difficult to die in spring; all the little flowers are blooming, the birds are singing, oh (you) lovely world!
- “ak tu mūžs, kas te to zvēru!” māte iesaucās, redzot pēdas sniegā ― “ah life, what wild beast is that!” the mother exclaimed, seeing tracks in the snow
Particle
ak
- used to give an interjectional flavor to an utterance, especially when expressing surprise; oh!
- ak tu tas esi! ― oh! that's you!
- ak tad tā! ― oh, it's like that, then!
- ak paspēji gan! ― oh, you did it!
- ak tāds tu esi! ― oh, that's what you're like!
- ak jā! ak nē! ak tā! ― oh, yes! oh, no! oh!... (expressions used when suddenly remembering something)
- ak jā, gandrīz būtu piemirsis: labasdienas, māt, no Līzes ― oh yes, I had almost forgotten: greetings, mother, from Līze
- “ak tad tur tā vaina!” Ozols beidzot saprata ― “ooh, there then is the blame (= problem)!” Ozols finally understood
References
- Karulis, Konstantīns (1992), “ak”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN
Min Nan
For pronunciation and definitions of ak – see 沃 (“to water; to soak; etc.”). (This character, ak, is the Pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 沃.) |
Old Saxon
Etymology
From Proto-Germanic *ak. Cognate with Old English ac, Gothic 𐌰𐌺 (ak), Old High German oh.
Pumpokol
Etymology
From Proto-Yeniseian *ʔaq-ɔt- (“to sleep”).
Southeastern Tepehuan
Etymology
Cognate with Northern Tepehuan áki, O'odham ʼakĭ.
Derived terms
- akkɨꞌn
- gɇꞌ ak
References
- R. de Willett, Elizabeth, et al. (2016) Diccionario tepehuano de Santa María Ocotán, Durango (Serie de vocabularios y diccionarios indígenas “Mariano Silva y Aceves”; 48) (in Spanish), electronic edition, Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, A.C., page 6
Tocharian A
Etymology
From Proto-Tocharian *ëk, from late Proto-Indo-European *okʷs, from *h₃okʷ-, *h₃ekʷ- (“eye, to see”). Compare Tocharian B ek.
Related terms
- aśäṃ
Turkish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɑk/
Etymology 1
From Ottoman Turkish آق (aq, “white”), from Proto-Turkic *āk (“white”). Cognate with Old Turkic 𐰀𐰴 (aq, “white”), Karakhanid ااقْ (āq, “white”).
Adjective
ak (comparative daha ak, superlative en ak)
- white
- (figuratively) clean
- (figuratively) honest
- (figuratively) comfortable
- (archaic) south
Declension
present tense | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
positive, declarative |
positive, interrogative |
negative, declarative |
negative, interrogative | |
ben (I am) | akım | ak mıyım? | ak değilim | ak değil miyim? |
sen (you are) | aksın | ak mısın? | ak değilsin | ak değil misin? |
o (he/she/it is) | ak / aktır | ak mı? | ak değil | ak değil mi? |
biz (we are) | akız | ak mıyız? | ak değiliz | ak değil miyiz? |
siz (you are) | aksınız | ak mısınız? | ak değilsiniz | ak değil misiniz? |
onlar (they are) | ak(lar) | ak(lar) mı? | ak değil(ler) | ak değiller mi? |
past tense | ||||
positive, declarative |
positive, interrogative |
negative, declarative |
negative, interrogative | |
ben (I was) | aktım | ak mıydım? | ak değildim | ak değil miydim? |
sen (you were) | aktın | ak mıydın? | ak değildin | ak değil miydin? |
o (he/she/it was) | aktı | ak mıydı? | ak değildi | ak değil miydi? |
biz (we were) | aktık | ak mıydık? | ak değildik | ak değil miydik? |
siz (you were) | aktınız | ak mıydınız? | ak değildiniz | ak değil miydiniz? |
onlar (they were) | aktılar | ak mıydılar? | ak değildi(ler) / değillerdi | ak değil miydiler? |
indirect past | ||||
positive, declarative |
positive, interrogative |
negative, declarative |
negative, interrogative | |
ben (I was) | akmışım | ak mıymışım? | ak değilmişim | ak değil miymişim? |
sen (you were) | akmışsın | ak mıymışsın? | ak değilmişsin | ak değil miymişsin? |
o (he/she/it was) | akmış | ak mıymış? | ak değilmiş | ak değil miymiş? |
biz (we were) | akmışız | ak mıymışız? | ak değilmişiz | ak değil miymişiz? |
siz (you were) | akmışsınız | ak mıymışsınız? | ak değilmişsiniz | ak değil miymişsiniz? |
onlar (they were) | akmışlar | ak mıymışlar? | ak değilmiş(ler) / değillermiş | ak değil miymişler? |
Synonyms
- (white): beyaz
Declension
Inflection | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | ak | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Definite accusative | akı | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Singular | Plural | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Nominative | ak | aklar | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Definite accusative | akı | akları | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dative | aka | aklara | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Locative | akta | aklarda | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ablative | aktan | aklardan | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Genitive | akın | akların | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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See also
Colors in Turkish · renkler (layout · text) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
beyaz, ak | gri, boz | siyah, kara | ||
kırmızı, kızıl; kırmızı, al | turuncu; kahverengi, boz | sarı; bej | ||
limon çürüğü | yeşil | |||
camgöbeği; turkuaz | gök, mavi | lacivert | ||
eflatun; mor | pembe; mor | yavruağzı |
References
- Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–), “ak”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
Etymology 2
Verb inflection.
Veps
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *akka.
Pronunciation
Inflection
Inflection of ak | |||
---|---|---|---|
nominative sing. | ak | ||
genitive sing. | akan | ||
partitive sing. | akad | ||
partitive plur. | akoid | ||
singular | plural | ||
nominative | ak | akad | |
accusative | akan | akad | |
genitive | akan | akoiden | |
partitive | akad | akoid | |
essive-instructive | akan | akoin | |
translative | akaks | akoikš | |
inessive | akas | akoiš | |
elative | akaspäi | akoišpäi | |
illative | ? | akoihe | |
adessive | akal | akoil | |
ablative | akalpäi | akoilpäi | |
allative | akale | akoile | |
abessive | akata | akoita | |
comitative | akanke | akoidenke | |
prolative | akadme | akoidme | |
approximative I | akanno | akoidenno | |
approximative II | akannoks | akoidennoks | |
egressive | akannopäi | akoidennopäi | |
terminative I | ? | akoihesai | |
terminative II | akalesai | akoilesai | |
terminative III | akassai | — | |
additive I | ? | akoihepäi | |
additive II | akalepäi | akoilepäi |