Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dʰuh₂mós

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction

Sometimes also reconstructed as *dʰuHmós. The reconstruction of root-final laryngeal *h₂ is based on Hittite 𒀭𒌅𒉿𒀪𒄩𒀸 (antuwaḫḫaš, “human”) and [script needed] (tuḫḫae-, “to produce smoke”).

Etymology

From *dʰewh₂- (“to smoke”) +‎ *-mós.

Noun

*dʰuh₂mós m (non-ablauting)

smoke

Inflection

Thematic
	singular
nominative	*dʰuh₂mós
genitive	*dʰuh₂mósyo
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*dʰuh₂mós	*dʰuh₂móh₁	*dʰuh₂móes
vocative	*dʰuh₂mé	*dʰuh₂móh₁	*dʰuh₂móes
accusative	*dʰuh₂móm	*dʰuh₂móh₁	*dʰuh₂móms
genitive	*dʰuh₂mósyo	*?	*dʰuh₂móoHom
ablative	*dʰuh₂méad	*?	*dʰuh₂mómos
dative	*dʰuh₂móey	*?	*dʰuh₂mómos
locative	dʰuh₂méy, dʰuh₂móy	*?	*dʰuh₂móysu
instrumental	*dʰuh₂móh₁	*?	*dʰuh₂mṓys

Descendants

Balto-Slavic: *dū́ˀmas
- Latvian: dūmi (plural)
- Lithuanian: dū́mas
- Old Prussian: dumis
- Slavic: *dỳmъ (see there for further descendants)
Celtic:
- Old Irish: dumacha
  - Middle Irish: dumacha
Hellenic: *tʰūmós
- Ancient Greek: θῡμός (thūmós, “spirit”)
  - Greek: θυμός (thymós, “anger”)
Indo-Iranian: *dʰuHmás (see there for further descendants)
Italic: *fūmos
- Latin: fūmus (see there for further descendants)

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