Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰel-

*bʰel-

1. to sound; to speak, roar, bark

• *bʰleh₁-
• *bʰel(h₁)-nos (n-participle)
  • Germanic: *bellǭ (“bell”) (*-eh₂ reflex)
    • ⇒ Germanic: *bellaną (“to roar”)[1]
• *bʰol-so-s (s-stem)
  • Balto-Slavic:
    • Latvian: balss (“voice”)
    • Lithuanian: balsas (“voice”)
• *bʰl̥- (zero-grade)[2]
  • Balto-Slavic:
    • Lithuanian: bilti (“to speak”)
    • ⇒ Lithuanian: byla (“speech; case, file”)
    • Old Prussian: billīt, billītwei (“to say, speak”)
    • Slavic: *bьltati (“to babble”) (extended with -t-)

• *bʰl̥d- (zero-grade, extended with -d-)[3]
  • Balto-Slavic:
    • Lithuanian: bilsti (“to knock, rumble”)
    • Latvian: bilst (“to utter”) (bildu)
    • Latvian: bildēt (“to speak”)
    • Lithuanian: bildėti (“to knock, make noise”)
  • Germanic:
    • Swedish: bulta (“to knock”)
    • ?Middle Low German: bulderen[4]

*bʰel-

1. shiny, white

• *bʰleyǵ-
• *bʰḗlH-o- / *bʰl̥-ós
  • Balto-Slavic:
    • Slavic: *bělъ (“white”)[5]
  • Germanic: *bēlą (“bonefire”)[6]
• *bʰolH-o-
  • Balto-Slavic:
    • Lithuanian: bãlas (“white”)
    • Latvian: bāls (“pale”)
• Unsorted formations
  • Indo-Iranian:
    • Indo-Aryan:
      • Sanskrit: भाल (bhāla, “splendour”)
  • Hellenic:
    • Ancient Greek: φᾰλός (phalós, “white”)
  • Old Armenian: բալ (bal, “fog”)

*bʰel-

1. to blow, to swell up

• *bʰleh₁-
• *bʰelǵʰ-
• *bʰl̥-nós (n-participle)[7]
  • Hellenic:
    • Ancient Greek: φαλλός (phallós, “penis”)
• *bʰol-tos (t-participle)
  • Germanic: *balþaz (“bold”)[8]

*bʰel-

1. henbane

Pokorny lists *bhel- "henbane" separately but allows the possibility that it is the same as *bhel- "shiny, white."[7] Neither Derksen, nor Kroonen gloss their PIE reconstructions for henbane.

• *bʰel-(e)no- (n-participle)
  • Balto-Slavic:
    • Slavic: *bel(e)nъ (“day-dream, henbane”)[9]