-jék
Hungarian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [jeːk]
Etymology 1
Suffix
-jék
- (personal suffix, dated) Used to form the third-person singular subjunctive/imperative of verbs ending in -ik (indefinite conjugation).
- válik (“to turn into something, to become something”) → Váljék egészségedre! - Approximately: May it do good to your health! (Modern form: váljon).
Usage notes
- See the harmonic variants in the table below.
Subjunctive/imperative indefinite - personal endings
| Person | Back vowel | Front vowel | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| unrounded | rounded | ||||
| én | 1st person singular | -jak | -jek | ||
| te | 2nd person singular | -j | |||
| long form | -jál | -jél | |||
| ő maga ön |
3rd person singular | -jon | -jen | -jön | |
| -ik verbs (optional) | -jék | ||||
| mi | 1st person plural | -junk | -jünk | ||
| ti | 2nd person plural | -jatok | -jetek | ||
| ők maguk önök |
3rd person plural | -janak | -jenek | ||
| Verb ending | Assimilation rules of -j | ||||
| s, sz, z, dz | The -j assimilates to the verb ending: keres + -j → keress | ||||
| st, szt | The -t is removed, the -j assimilates to the -s, -sz: fest + -j → fess | ||||
| a long vowel + t or a consonant + t |
The -j becomes -s: segít + -j → segíts bont + -j → bonts Exceptions: bocsát → bocsáss, lát → láss | ||||
| a short vowel + t | Both the stem-final -t and the -j becomes -s: mutat + -j → mutass | ||||
Suffix
-jék
- (personal suffix) Used to form the third-person plural subjunctive/imperative of verbs (definite conjugation).
- ismétel (“to repeat”) → Megkértem őket, hogy ismételjék meg az üzenetet. - I asked them to repeat the message.
- Kérem, ismételjék meg az üzenetet! - Please repeat the message! (formally addressing multiple persons)
Usage notes
- See harmonic variants in the table below.
Subjunctive/imperative definite - personal endings
| Person | Back vowel | Front vowel | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| unrounded | rounded | ||||
| én | 1st person singular | -jam | -jem | ||
| te | 2nd person singular | -d | |||
| long form | -jad | -jed | |||
| ő maga ön |
3rd person singular | -ja | -je | ||
| mi | 1st person plural | -juk | -jük | ||
| ti | 2nd person plural | -játok | -jétek | ||
| ők maguk önök |
3rd person plural | -ják | -jék | ||
| én | 1st person singular subject with 2nd person object |
-jalak | -jelek | ||
| Verb ending | Assimilation rules of -j | ||||
| s, sz, z, dz | The -j assimilates to the verb ending: keres + -j → keress | ||||
| st, szt | The -t is removed, the -j assimilates to the -s, -sz: fest + -j → fess | ||||
| long vowel + t or consonant + t |
The -j becomes -s: segít + -j → segíts bont + -j → bonts Exceptions: bocsát → bocsáss, lát → láss | ||||
| short vowel + t | Both the stem-final -t and the -j becomes -s: mutat + -j → mutass | ||||
See also
- Category:Hungarian verb forms
- Appendix:Hungarian suffixes
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