List of tallest buildings in Hong Kong

The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region has over 9,000 high-rise buildings, of which over 1,500 are skyscrapers standing taller than 100 m (328 ft) with 350 buildings over 150 m (492 ft).[1][2][3][A] The tallest building in Hong Kong is the 118-story International Commerce Centre, which stands 484 m (1,588 ft) and is the 12th tallest building in the world.[4][5][6] The total built-up height (combined heights) of these skyscrapers is approximately 333.8 km (207 mi),[7][8] making Hong Kong the world's tallest urban agglomeration. Furthermore, reflective of the city's high population densities, Hong Kong has more inhabitants living at the 15th floor or higher, and more buildings of at least 100 m (328 ft) and 150 m (492 ft) height, than any other city in the world.[1][2][8][9]

Victoria Harbour and the Hong Kong skyline at night, taken in June 2019

Most of Hong Kong's buildings are concentrated on the northern shore of Hong Kong Island, Kowloon, and the New Towns (satellite towns) of the New Territories, such as Tsuen Wan and Sha Tin. Additional high-rises are located along Hong Kong Island's southern shoreline and areas near the stations of the Mass Transit Railway (MTR).[10][11][12]

The skyline of Hong Kong Island is famed for its unique arrangement,[13] with surrounding mountains and Victoria Harbour complementing the rows of skyscrapers along the shore.[2][14][15] Each evening, 44 buildings on the shores of Victoria Harbour participate in A Symphony of Lights, a synchronized show named by the Guinness Book of World Records as the largest permanent light fixture in the world.[7][16]

History

The first high-rise in Hong Kong was the Hong Kong & Shanghai Bank, completed in 1935. The building stood 70 m (230 ft) tall with 13 floors and was in use for five decades before being demolished for the construction of the HSBC Main Building.[17] High-rise construction was limited in the early part of the 20th century. However, beginning in the 1970s, Hong Kong experienced a general trend of high-rise building construction that has continued to the present. This trend is in large part a result of the city's rugged, mountainous terrain and lack of flat land.[18][19] The city entered a construction boom in 1980, which lasted roughly until 1993. Among the buildings built during these years are Hopewell Centre (1980), Bank of China Tower (1990), and Central Plaza (1992), three of the territory's tallest buildings upon their respective dates of completion.[20][21][22][23]

Beginning in 1998, Hong Kong entered a second, much larger building boom that lasted until the early 2010s.[23] The second boom saw the completion of the International Commerce Centre, Two International Finance Centre, Nina Tower I, and One Island East.[14][24][25][26] At the height of the construction boom in 2003, 56 skyscrapers over 150 m (492 ft) were completed throughout the city. The proliferation of multi-tower, high-rise building complexes, such as public housing estates and transit-oriented developments near MTR stations (known as rail + property development), greatly increased the number of skyscrapers.[11][12][23]

Unlike previous building trends of the 1980s and early 1990s, many high-rise buildings of the second boom are for residential use due to a surge in demand for luxury housing properties in Hong Kong. In addition, the closure of the Kai Tak Airport and the relaxation of height restrictions on the Kowloon Peninsula allowed many tall skyscrapers to rise in Kowloon, such as Sorrento, Langham Place Office Tower, and The Cullinan, all of which exceed 200 m (656 ft).[27][28][29][30] Skyscrapers also grew in the New Territories, such as the developments of Metro Town and LOHAS Park in Tseung Kwan O.[31][32] However, proposals for large scale building projects slowed down considerably over the 2000s due to a heightened community awareness of skyscraper's effect on urban ecology, such as changes to air circulation (dubbed as "wall effect") and air pollution.[33][34][35]

Panoramic view of the Kowloon Peninsula skyline with Hong Kong Island in the background.

Notable buildings
Tallest buildings in Hong Kong, by pinnacle height
  • International Commerce Centre (abbreviated ICC), located at 1 Austin Road, West Kowloon. It is owned and jointly developed by MTR Corporation Limited and Sun Hung Kai Properties as Phase 7 of the Union Square Development. Rising 484 m (1,588 ft), the ICC is the tallest building in Hong Kong as well as the 13th tallest building in the world. Notable tenants include Deutsche Bank, Credit Suisse, Morgan Stanley, ABN-AMRO and Accenture.[4][5][6]
  • Two International Finance Centre (abbreviated 2IFC), located above the MTR Hong Kong Station at 8 Finance Street, Central. The 2IFC is currently the second tallest building in Hong Kong at 415.8 m (1,364 ft) tall. It became the tallest building in Hong Kong upon its completion in 2003 until it was surpassed by the ICC in 2009. It was built as the second phase of the International Finance Centre commercial development. Notable tenants include UBS, Samsung Electronics, Hong Kong Monetary Authority and BNP Paribas.[24][36][37]
  • Central Plaza, located at 18 Harbour Road, Wan Chai. The Central Plaza is currently the third tallest building in Hong Kong at a pinnacle height of 373.9 m (1,227 ft). It was the tallest building in Hong Kong when it was built in 1992 until it was surpassed by 2IFC in 2003. The Central Plaza was also the tallest building in Asia from 1992 until 1996, surpassed by Shun Hing Square in Shenzhen. The building is notable for its unique exterior shape as well as its LIGHTIME lighting system. It also houses the world's highest church inside a skyscraper, Sky City Church.[20][38][39]
  • Bank of China Tower (abbreviated BOC Tower), located at 1 Garden Road, in Central. Designed by the Pritzker Prize-winning Chinese American architect I.M. Pei, the tower is 315 m (1,033 ft) high with two masts reaching 367.4 m (1,205 ft) high. It is currently the fourth tallest building in Hong Kong. It was the tallest building outside of the United States from 1990 to 1992, and was the first building outside of the United States to pass the 305 m (1,001 ft) mark. The exterior design of the building resembles bamboo shoots, symbolizing livelihood and prosperity in Feng Shui.[21][40][41]
  • Cheung Kong Centre at 2 Queen's Road Central, Central. Standing 282.8 m (928 ft) tall and completed in 1999, this skyscraper is the headquarters of Cheung Kong Holdings. The building's top floor contains a private residence for Cheung Kong Holdings' billionaire Chairman Li Ka-Shing.[42][43][44]
  • The Center, located at 99 Queen's Road Central, Central. Completed in 1998 and standing 346 m (1,135 ft) tall, this building was one of the first large urban renewal projects undertaken by the Land Development Corporation (now the Urban Renewal Authority). The skyscraper's unique structure is entirely composed of steel and lacks a reinforced concrete core.[45][46][47]
  • Hopewell Centre, located at 183 Queen's Road East, Wanchai. At 222 m (728 ft) tall, the Hopewell Centre was the tallest building in both Hong Kong and Asia when it was completed in 1980. The building signifies the eastern expansion of Hong Kong's central business district. The Hopewell Centre has a unique cylindrical shaped design with a revolving restaurant on the 62nd level of the building. Designed by Sir Gordon Wu, chairman of Hopewell Holdings, the building serves as the headquarters of his company.[22][48][49]
  • HSBC Main Building (also known as HSBC Tower), located at 1 Queen's Road Central, Central. The building, standing 178.8 m (587 ft) tall, is the headquarters of HSBC, and is the fourth generation of their headquarters. Designed by the famed British architect Norman Foster, the building took seven years to complete, and is noted as being the most expensive building in the world at completion at HK$5.2 billion (US$668 million) in 1985. Together with Statue Square, the building also serves as a gathering place for thousands of Filipino domestic workers during weekends and holidays.[50][51][52]
  • Jardine House (originally called Connaught Centre[B]), located at 1 Connaught Place, Central. Upon completion in 1973, the 178.5 m (586 ft)-tall skyscraper was the tallest building in Hong Kong and Asia. The building features round windows, as opposed to traditional rectangular windows, for a stronger curtain wall and thinner structural frame. These round windows also earned the building a nickname of "The House of a Thousand Arseholes."[53][54][55][56][57]


Hong Kong Island, viewed from Victoria Harbour waterfront.

Tallest buildings

This lists ranks Hong Kong skyscrapers that stand at least 180 m (591 ft) tall, based on standard height measurement. This includes spires and architectural details but does not include antenna masts. The "Year" column indicates the year in which a building was completed.

Rank Name[C] Image Height[D]
m (ft)		 Floors[D][E] Use Year Coordinates Notes
1 International Commerce Centre 484 (1,588) 118 Hotel, Office 2010 22°18′12.21″N 114°09′36.61″E
  • 12th-tallest building in the world.
  • Tallest building in Hong Kong since 2010; tallest building completed in the 2010s.[4][5][6]
  • World's highest Hotel: The Ritz-Carlton, Hong Kong
2 Two International Finance Centre 416 (1,364) 88 Office 2003 22°17′07.09″N 114°09′33.37″E
  • 31st-tallest building in the world.
  • Tallest building in Hong Kong from 2003 to 2010. Remains tallest building on Hong Kong Island.
  • Tallest building completed in the 2000s.[24][36][37]
3 Central Plaza 374 (1,227) 78 Office 1992 22°16′48.00″N 114°10′25.00″E
  • Tallest building in the world outside of the United States from 1992 to 1996.
  • World's tallest reinforced concrete building until the completion of CITIC Plaza in 1997.
  • Tallest building completed in the 1990s.
  • Houses the highest church in the world.[20][38][39][58]
4 Bank of China Tower 367 (1,205) 70 Office 1990 22°16′45.00″N 114°09′41.00″E
  • First building outside of the United States to rise taller than 305 m (1,001 ft) in height.
  • Stood as the tallest building in the world outside of Chicago and New York City upon completion.[21][40][41]
5 The Centre 346 (1,135) 73 Office 1998 22°17′05.00″N 114°09′16.00″E [45][46][47]
6 Nina Tower 320 (1,050) 80 Hotel, Office 2007 22°22′07.00″N 114°06′47.00″E
7 One Island East 298 (978) 68 Office 2008 22°17′09.80″N 114°12′48.10″E [26][60]
8 Cheung Kong Centre 283 (928) 63 Office 1999 22°16′46.00″N 114°09′37.00″E [42][43][44]
9 The Cullinan North Tower 270 (886) 68 Residential 2008 22°18′20.84″N 114°09′39.28″E
  • Tallest completed all-residential building in Hong Kong.[61][62]
The Cullinan South Tower 270 (886) 68 Hotel, Residential 2008 22°18′17.40″N 114°09′38.26″E [62][63]
11 Victoria Dockside 265 (869) 62 Hotel, Office 2016 22°17′41.72″N 114°10′32.84″E [64][65]
11 The Masterpiece 261 (856) 64 Hotel, Residential 2008 22°17′51.00″N 114°10′26.00″E
  • This building is also known as the Hanoi Road Redevelopment.[66][67]
12 Sorrento 1 256 (841) 75 Residential 2003 22°18′24.24″N 114°09′40.92″E [27][68]
13 Langham Place Office Tower 255 (837) 59 Office 2004 22°19′07.81″N 114°10′06.49″E [28][69]
14 Highcliff 252 (828) 72 Residential 2003 22°15′54.00″N 114°11′03.00″E
  • Locally referred to as "The Chopsticks" due to an extremely slender profile.[70][71]
15 The Harbourside 251 (824) 73 Residential 2004 22°18′11.05″N 114°09′41.40″E [29][72]
16 Manulife Plaza 240 (788) 52 Office 1998 22°16′42.00″N 114°11′04.60″E [73][74]
17 Sorrento 2 236 (773) 66 Residential 2003 22°18′23.97″N 114°09′42.55″E [68][75]
18 The Harbourfront Landmark 233 (763) 70 Residential 2001 22°18′12.00″N 114°11′35.00″E [76][77]
19 The Arch 231 (758) 65 Residential 2005 22°18′12.24″N 114°09′46.73″E [78][79]
20 Cosco Tower 228 (748) 53 Office 1998 22°17′07.55″N 114°09′11.12″E [80][81]
21 The Belcher's Tower 5 227 (744) 61 Residential 2001 22°17′06.28″N 114°08′01.35″E [82][83]
The Belcher's Tower 6 227 (744) 61 Residential 2001 22°17′07.77″N 114°08′00.34″E [83][84]
23 Hopewell Centre 222 (728) 64 Office 1980 22°16′28.25″N 114°10′17.76″E
24 The Belcher's Tower 1 221 (724) 63 Residential 2000 22°17′04.89″N 114°07′57.41″E [83][85]
The Belcher's Tower 2 221 (724) 63 Residential 2000 22°17′04.54″N 114°07′58.85″E [83][86]
26 Tregunter 3 220 (721) 66 Residential 1993 22°16′27.67″N 114°09′09.86″E
  • World's tallest residential building from 1993 to 2001.[87][88]
27 The Summit 220 (721) 65 Residential 2001 22°15′55.90″N 114°11′01.00″E
  • Locally referred to as "The Chopsticks" due to an extremely slender profile.[89][90]
28 Grand Promenade 2–5 219 (718) 66 Residential 2005 22°17′06.85″N 114°13′28.42″E [91][92]
29 Sorrento 3 218 (715) 64 Residential 2003 22°18′23.06″N 114°09′44.93″E [68][93]
30 LOHAS Park Phase 2B Le Prime Towers 6−8 215 (705) 66 Residential 2011 22°17′39.31″N 114°16′19.82″E
  • Each of the three interconnected buildings have different names for the left and right sides:[32][94]
  • Tower 6, (L): Oxford, (R): Primroses[95][96]
  • Tower 7, (L): Vision, (R): Pink Orchard[97][98]
  • Tower 8, (L): Sunshine, (R): Flora[99][100]
31 Sun Hung Kai Centre 215 (704) 56 Office 1981 22°16′48.80″N 114°10′37.01″E [101][102]
32 The Belcher's Tower 3 214 (704) 61 Residential 2001 22°17′04.91″N 114°08′01.98″E [83][103]
The Belcher's Tower 8 214 (704) 61 Residential 2001 22°17′08.98″N 114°07′59.75″E [83][104]
34 Island Shangri-La 213 (700) 57 Hotel 1991 22°16′38.00″N 114°09′51.00″E
  • This building is the tallest completed all-hotel building in the city.[105][106]
35 Victoria Towers 1 213 (699) 62 Residential 2003 22°18′07.67″N 114°10′05.46″E [107][108]
Victoria Towers 2 213 (699) 62 Residential 2003 22°18′08.89″N 114°10′06.34″E [108][109]
Victoria Towers 3 213 (699) 62 Residential 2003 22°18′09.70″N 114°10′07.62″E [108][110]
Shining Heights 213 (699) 55 Residential 2009 22°19′31.19″N 114°09′44.52″E [111]
39 Sorrento 5 212 (696) 62 Residential 2003 22°18′22.57″N 114°09′46.18″E [68][112]
Indi Home 212 (696) 56 Residential 2005 22°21′58.25″N 114°07′05.70″E [113][114][115]
42 LOHAS Park Phase 1 The Capitol Tower 1 210 (689) 61 Residential 2009 22°17′42.86″N 114°16′17.25″E
  • The left side of this building is known as Banff Tower, while the right side is known as Florence Tower.[32][116][117]
LOHAS Park Phase 1 The Capitol Tower 2 210 (689) 61 Residential 2009 22°17′44.41″N 114°16′17.78″E
  • The left side of this building is known as Lucerne Tower, while the right side is known as Madrid Tower.[32][118][119]
LOHAS Park Phase 3A Hemera Tower 1 210 (689) 60 Residential 2014 22°17′47.72″N 114°16′09.82″E
  • This building is also known as Diamond Tower.[120]
LOHAS Park Phase 3A Hemera Tower 2 210 (689) 60 Residential 2014 22°17′48.62″N 114°16′11.20″E
  • This building is also known as Emerald Tower.[121]
One International Finance Centre 210 (689) 38 Office 1998 22°17′06.52″N 114°09′24.68″E [122][123]
47 Grand Promenade 1 209 (686) 63 Residential 2005 22°17′06.08″N 114°13′26.75″E [92][124][125]
Grand Promenade 6 209 (686) 63 Residential 2005 22°17′05.93″N 114°13′30.34″E [92][126][127]
49 MetroPlaza Tower 2 209 (685) 47 Office 1992 22°21′26.95″N 114°07′34.83″E [128][129]
50 The Hermitage 1–3 207 (680) 55 Residential 2011 22°19′03.66″N 114°09′54.22″E [130][131]
50 One Silversea 1-8 207 (680) 46 Residential 2006 22°19′31.76″N 114°09′15.65″E
51 Sorrento 6 206 (676) 60 Residential 2003 22°18′22.08″N 114°09′47.69″E [68][132]
LOHAS Park Phase 1 The Capitol Tower 3 206 (676) 59 Residential 2009 22°17′46.03″N 114°16′18.23″E
  • The left side of this building is known as Milan Tower, while the right side is known as Montreal Tower.[32][133][134]
LOHAS Park Phase 1 The Capitol Tower 5 206 (676) 59 Residential 2009 22°17′47.35″N 114°16′18.77″E
  • The left side of this building is known as Oslo Tower, while the right side is known as Venice Tower.[32][135][136]
LOHAS Park Phase 2C Le Splendeur Towers 9–11 206 (676) 63 Residential 2012 22°17′41.05″N 114°16′23.08″E
  • Each of the three interconnected buildings have different names for the left and right sides:[32]
  • Tower 9, (L): Almond Blossom, (R): Bouquet[137][138]
  • Tower 10, (L): Flamingos, (R): Irises[139][140]
  • Tower 11, (L): Meadowland, (R): Morning Haze[141][142]
Bellagio Tower 1–5 206 (676) 64 Residential 2005 22°21′57.31″N 114°03′43.04″E [143]
56 Citibank Plaza 206 (674) 51 Office 1992 22°16′43.32″N 114°09′38.52″E [144][145]
May House 206 (674) 47 Government 2004 22°16′43.59″N 114°10′04.66″E
  • This building is also known as Arsenal House.[146][147]
58 Metro Town Tower 1 205 (673) 62 Residential 2006 22°18′17.58″N 114°15′09.78″E [148][149]
Metro Town Tower 2 205 (673) 62 Residential 2006 22°18′16.63″N 114°15′08.74″E [149][150][151]
Four Seasons Place 205 (673) 55 Hotel, Residential 2005 22°17′11.57″N 114°09′24.60″E [152][153]
61 Hysan Place 204 (670) 36 Office, Retail 2012 22°16′47.28″N 114°11′00.96″E
62 Island Resort Tower 1–2 202 (663) 60 Residential 2001 22°15′59.25″N 114°15′00.52″E [156][157]
Island Resort Tower 3–5 202 (663) 60 Residential 2001 22°15′56.13″N 114°15′05.14″E [156][158]
Island Resort Tower 6–7 202 (663) 60 Residential 2001 22°15′58.36″N 114°15′05.20″E [156][159]
Island Resort Tower 8–9 202 (663) 60 Residential 2001 22°16′00.15″N 114°15′02.77″E [156][160]
66 China Online Centre 201 (660) 52 Office 2000 22°16′45.16″N 114°10′42.10″E [161][162]
67 LOHAS Park Phase 2A Le Prestige Towers 1–3, 5 200 (656) 61 Residential 2010 22°17′35.19″N 114°16′21.45″E
  • Each of the four interconnected buildings have different names for the left and right sides:[32]
  • Tower 1, (L): Moon Light, (R): Mona Lisa[163][164]
  • Tower 2, (L): Swan Lake, (R): Sunflower[165][166]
  • Tower 3, (L): Four Seasons, (R): Starry Night[167][168]
  • Tower 5, (L): Blue Danube, (R): Water Lilies[169][170]
LOHAS Park Phase 1 The Capitol Tower 6 200 (656) 57 Residential 2009 22°17′49.00″N 114°16′19.61″E
  • The left side of this building is known as Vienna Tower, while the right side is known as Whistler Tower.[32][171][172]
69 Conrad Hong Kong Hotel 199 (653) 61 Hotel, Residential 1991 22°16′36.28″N 114°09′54.48″E [173][174]
70 Queensway Government Offices 199 (652) 56 Office 1985 22°16′40.00″N 114°09′50.00″E [175][176]
71 Le Point Tower 06 198 (651) 60 Residential 2008 22°18′15.67″N 114°15′04.62″E [177]
Le Point Tower 07 198 (651) 60 Residential 2008 22°18′16.37″N 114°15′04.15″E [177]
73 Bellagio Tower 6–9 198 (650) 60 Residential 2002 22°22′00.54″N 114°03′39.50″E [178]
The Hermitage 6–8 198 (650) 49 Residential 2011 22°19′03.57″N 114°09′50.30″E [131][179]
75 Manhattan Hill 1–2 198 (649) 51 Residential 2006 22°20′02.78″N 114°08′32.05″E [180][181]
76 The Merton 1 197 (646) 59 Residential 2005 22°17′00.30″N 114°07′34.22″E [182][183]
77 The Pacifica 1 197 (645) 50 Residential 2005 22°20′07.63″N 114°08′58.07″E [184][185]
The Pacifica 2–5 197 (645) 50 Residential 2005 22°20′05.13″N 114°08′59.22″E [185][186]
The Pacifica 6 197 (645) 50 Residential 2005 22°20′02.76″N 114°09′00.54″E [185][187]
The Pacifica 7 197 (645) 50 Residential 2005 22°20′02.62″N 114°08′58.53″E [185][188]
Wharf Cable Tower 197 (645) 41 Office, Industrial 1993 22°22′22.70″N 114°06′25.70″E
  • Tallest mixed office and industrial building in the city.[189][190]
Chelsea Court Tower North 197 (645) 59 Residential 2005 22°21′59.87″N 114°07′02.15″E [191]
Chelsea Court Tower West 197 (645) 59 Residential 2005 22°22′00.49″N 114°07′01.26″E [192]
84 Aigburth 196 (643) 48 Residential 1999 22°16′24.71″N 114°09′10.98″E [193][194]
85 Vision City 2 195 (640) 54 Residential 2007 22°22′12.50″N 114°06′48.81″E [195][196]
Vision City 3 195 (640) 54 Residential 2007 22°22′13.44″N 114°06′49.59″E [196][197]
Vision City 5 195 (640) 54 Residential 2007 22°22′14.32″N 114°06′50.88″E
  • This building is also known as Vision City Tower 4.[196][198]
Le Point Tower 08 195 (640) 59 Residential 2008 22°18′17.74″N 114°15′05.49″E [199]
Le Point Tower 09 195 (640) 59 Residential 2008 22°18′18.81″N 114°15′06.59″E [199]
Le Point Tower 10 195 (640) 59 Residential 2008 22°18′19.88″N 114°15′07.69″E [199]
91 Times Square Natwest Tower 194 (636) 40 Office 1993 22°16′41.74″N 114°10′57.67″E [200][201]
92 Primrose Hill Tower 3 193 (634) 58 Residential 2010 22°22′20.35″N 114°07′48.58″E [202]
93 Vision City 1 192 (630) 53 Residential 2007 22°22′10.90″N 114°06′48.16″E [196][203]
94 39 Conduit Road 192 (629) 42 Residential 2009 22°16′54.95″N 114°08′47.84″E [204]
95 Banyan Garden 2 191 (628) 57 Residential 2003 22°20′03.88″N 114°08′49.51″E [205][206]
Banyan Garden 6 191 (628) 57 Residential 2003 22°20′04.15″N 114°08′52.89″E [206][207]
Banyan Garden 7 191 (628) 57 Residential 2003 22°20′05.28″N 114°08′52.80″E [206][208]
98 LOHAS Park Phase 3A Hemera Tower 3 190 (624) 54 Residential 2014 22°17′49.31″N 114°16′12.82″E
  • This building is also known as Amber Tower.[209]
LOHAS Park Phase 3A Hemera Tower 5 190 (624) 54 Residential 2014 22°17′49.90″N 114°16′14.04″E
  • This building is also known as Topaz Tower.[210]
100 The Centrium 189 (620) 41 Office 2001 22°16′50.56″N 114°09′16.88″E [211][212]
The Merton 2 189 (620) 55 Residential 2005 22°16′59.31″N 114°07′34.43″E [213]
102 Metro Town Tower 3 188 (617) 57 Residential 2006 22°18′15.76″N 114°15′07.75″E [149][214][215]
Metro Town Tower 5 188 (617) 57 Residential 2006 22°18′14.34″N 114°15′05.95″E
One Exchange Square 188 (617) 52 Office 1985 22°17′00.00″N 114°09′30.51″E [218]
Two Exchange Square 188 (617) 52 Office 1985 22°17′01.86″N 114°09′30.18″E [219]
Oxford House Time Warner 188 (617) 41 Office 1999 22°17′12.58″N 114°12′49.64″E [220]
107 Millennium City 5 187 (614) 45 Office 2004 22°18′44.44″N 114°13′30.53″E [221][222]
Landmark East Tower 1 187 (614) 43 Office 2008 22°18′43.30″N 114°13′23.50″E [223]
Landmark East Tower 2 187 (614) 43 Hotel, Office 2008 22°18′44.52″N 114°13′20.43″E [224]
9 Queen's Road Central 187 (614) 39 Office 1991 22°16′49.09″N 114°09′30.56″E [225][226]
111 Entertainment Building 187 (612) 33 Office 1993 22°16′53.40″N 114°09′23.50″E [227][228]
Manhattan Hill 3 187 (612) 48 Residential 2006 22°20′04.72″N 114°08′32.49″E [181][229]
Manhattan Hill 5 187 (612) 48 Residential 2006 22°20′06.32″N 114°08′32.77″E [181][230]
Manhattan Hill 6 187 (612) 48 Residential 2006 22°20′08.01″N 114°08′33.26″E [181][231]
115 Lippo Centre II 186 (610) 48 Office 1988 22°16′45.27″N 114°09′48.25″E [232][233]
116 The Westpoint 186 (609) 41 Office 1999 22°17′16.44″N 114°08′23.28″E [234][235]
117 Standard Chartered Bank Building 185 (607) 42 Office 1990 22°16′48.26″N 114°09′32.55″E [236]
Sino Plaza 185 (607) 38 Office 1992 22°16′52.93″N 114°10′56.03″E [237][238]
Manhattan Heights 185 (607) 55 Residential 2000 22°17′01.00″N 114°07′38.30″E [239][240]
AIA Central 185 (607) 40 Office 2005 22°16′52.50″N 114°09′42.50″E
  • This building was formerly known as AIG Tower.[241][242]
121 Festival City III Tower 1 185 (606) 58 Residential 2011 22°22′16.13″N 114°10′35.56″E [243]
Festival City III Tower 2 185 (606) 58 Residential 2011 22°22′17.18″N 114°10′36.97″E [244]
Festival City III Tower 3 185 (606) 58 Residential 2011 22°22′18.12″N 114°10′38.33″E [245]
Festival City III Tower 5 185 (606) 58 Residential 2011 22°22′18.93″N 114°10′39.77″E [246]
125 Ocean Pointe 184 (603) 54 Residential 2001 22°21′56.52″N 114°03′44.64″E [247][248]
126 Vision City 6 183 (600) 50 Residential 2007 22°22′14.42″N 114°06′52.19″E
  • This building is also known as Vision City Tower 5.[196][249]
127 Banyan Garden 5 183 (599) 54 Residential 2003 22°20′02.62″N 114°08′52.73″E [206][250]
128 Three Pacific Place — 182 (597) 40 Office 2004 22°16′36.40″N 114°10′05.37″E [251][252]
Branksome Crest — 182 (597) 47 Residential 2003 22°16′22.35″N 114°09′18.59″E [253]
130 Convention Plaza Office Tower 181 (595) 50 Office 1990 22°16′50.41″N 114°10′26.34″E [254][255]
131 Liberté 1 181 (593) 51 Residential 2003 22°20′02.54″N 114°08′54.81″E [256][257]
Liberté 2 181 (593) 51 Residential 2003 22°20′02.64″N 114°08′55.93″E [256][258]
Liberté 3 181 (593) 51 Residential 2003 22°20′02.69″N 114°08′57.05″E [256][259]
Immigration Tower 181 (593) 49 Office 1990 22°16′47.00″N 114°10′23.00″E [260][261]
Revenue Tower 181 (593) 49 Office 1990 22°16′47.00″N 114°10′19.00″E [262][263]
136 AIA Tower 180 (592) 44 Office 1999 22°17′19.59″N 114°11′32.06″E [264][265]
137 The Merton 3 180 (591) 51 Residential 2005 22°16′58.21″N 114°07′35.77″E [183]
Sham Wan Towers 1 180 (591) 51 Residential 2003 22°14′37.35″N 114°09′30.55″E [266][267]
Sham Wan Towers 2 180 (591) 51 Residential 2003 22°14′37.87″N 114°09′31.56″E [267][268]
Sham Wan Towers 3 180 (591) 45 Residential 2003 22°14′38.43″N 114°09′32.68″E [267][269]
Liberté 5 180 (591) 52 Residential 2003 22°20′04.98″N 114°08′56.80″E [256][270]
Liberté 6 180 (591) 52 Residential 2003 22°20′06.95″N 114°08′56.80″E [256][271]
143 Banyan Garden 3 180 (590) 53 Residential 2003 22°20′02.43″N 114°08′49.89″E [206][272][273]

* Indicates still under construction, but has been topped out.

Tallest under construction or proposed


This list ranks under construction, topped-out and planned buildings that are expected to stand at least 180 metres (591 ft) tall, based on standard height measurement. This includes spires and architectural details but does not include antenna masts. The "Year" column indicates the year in which a building is expected to be complete. A floor count of 50 storeys is used as the cutoff in place of a height of 180 m (591 ft) for buildings whose heights have not yet been released by their developers.

Name Height[D]
m (ft)		 Floors[D][E] Use Year* Status Coordinates Notes
Kwun Tong Town Centre Redevelopment Landmark Tower 285 (853) 63 Multiple 2021 Under Construction 22°18′47.25″N 114°13′33.92″E
  • Project height and floor count were scaled up from 280 m and 68 floors.[274][275][276]
Somerset House Redevelopment 225 (738) 51 Office 2018 Under construction 22°17′14.78″N 114°12′46.06″E
  • This project is also known as Taikoo Place Redevelopment Phase 2A Building.
  • Project height reduced from original 295 m to 225 m.[277][278][279]
Hopewell Centre II 210 (689) 55 Hotel 2018 Under construction 22°16′29.65″N 114°10′15.66″E [280][281][282]
Taikoo Place Redevelopment Phase 2B Building 195 (640) 46 Office — Approved 22°17′11.87″N 114°12′46.06″E
  • This project is also known as Warwick House Redevelopment.
  • Project height increased from 160 m to 195 m.
  • Project will begin no earlier than 2016, after Somerset House redevelopment.[277][278]

*Table entry without text indicate that one or more of the following information regarding building heights, floor counts and/or year of completion has not yet been released.

Demolished buildings

This table lists buildings in Hong Kong that were demolished which once stood at least 40 m (131 ft) tall.

Name Image Height
m (ft)		 Floors Years existed Coordinates Replacement building Notes
The Ritz-Carlton Hong Kong (Central) 001.0142 (465) 31 1993–2009 (16 years) 22°16′52.88″N 114°09′41.28″E China Construction Bank Tower [283][284]
Hennessy Centre 002.0140 (458) 41 1983–2008 (25 years) 22°16′47.28″N 114°11′0.96″E Hysan Place [285]
Furama Kempinski Hotel 003.0110 (360) 33 1973–2002 (29 years) 22°16′52.50″N 114°09′42.50″E AIG Tower (now AIA Central) [286]
Lodge on the Park — 004.097 (317) 29 1988–2011 (23 years) 22°16′35.00″N 114°09′25.50″E Kennedy Park at Central [287][288]
Beautiful City Building — 005.093 (306) 28 1978 – c. 2003 (~25 years) 22°17′21.70″N 114°12′33.52″E CASA 880 [289]
Tai Sang Commercial Building — 006.090 (295) 27 1997–2009 (12 years) 22°16′38.74″N 114°10′09.67″E 24-34 Hennessy Road Redevelopment [290][291][292]
Hong Kong Hilton 007.087 (284) 26 007.01962–1992 (30 years) 22°16′47.21″N 114°09′37.80″E Cheung Kong Centre [293]
Elegant Court — 008.083 (273) 25 1987 – c. 2009 (~22 years) 22°17′09.73″N 114°11′26.76″E Twenty One Whitfield [294]
Crocodile House 1 — 009.077 (251) 23 1982–2008 (26 years) 22°17′06.18″N 114°09′21.29″E Agricultural Bank of China Tower (50 Connaught Road Central) [295][296]
Melbourne Industrial Building — 010.077 (251) 23 1977–2005 (28 years) 22°17′09.74″N 114°12′48.39″E One Island East [26][297]
Aik San Factory Building — 011.073 (240) 22 1972–2005 (33 years) 22°17′08.62″N 114°12′48.37″E [26][298][299]
Lee Gardens Hotel 012.073 (240) 22 015.0c. 1970s–c. 1990s (~20 years) 22°16′42.00″N 114°11′04.60″E Manulife Plaza [300]
Ananda Tower — 013.070 (229) 21 001.0?–2008 (? years) 22°17′06.89″N 114°09′20.78″E Agricultural Bank of China Tower (50 Connaught Road Central) [296][301]
Hong Kong & Shanghai Bank (3rd Generation) 014.070 (230) 13 002.01935–1978 (43 years) 22°16′48.00″N 114°09′34.00″E HSBC Building (Current) [17][51][302]
Swire House — 015.067 (219) 20 008.01962–1998 (36 years) 22°16′56.01″N 114°09′30.24″E Chater House
Crocodile House 2 — 016.063 (208) 19 012.01966–2008 (42 years) 22°17′06.60″N 114°09′20.99″E Agricultural Bank of China Tower (50 Connaught Road Central) [296][305]
Chartered Bank Building — 017.060 (197) 18 005.01959–1986 (27 years) 22°16′48.26″N 114°09′32.55″E Standard Chartered Bank Building [236][306][307]
Hyatt Regency Hong Kong — 017.060 (197) 18 010.01964–2006 (42 years) 22°17′49.00″N 114°10′19.00″E iSQUARE
Tung Ying Building 018.057 (186) 17 011.01965–2006 (41 years) 22°17′58.56″N 114°10′19.92″E The ONE [310][311]
Tung Sang Building — 019.057 (186) 17 1972–2006 (34 years) 22°16′36.80″N 114°10′13.29″E York Place [312][313]
City East Building — 020.053 (175) 16 1973–2007 (34 years) 22°16′29.18″N 114°10′21.56″E Gardeneast Serviced Apartments [314]
Jardine House (3rd Generation) — 021.053 (175) 16 004.01957–1980 (23 years) 22°16′54.84″N 114°09′26.64″E Wheelock House [315][316]
Chiao Shang Building — 022.050 (164) 15 009.01964–2004 (40 years) 22°16′59.99″N 114°09′17.79″E 100QRC (100 Queen's Road Central) [317][318]
Dragon Seed Building — 023.043 (142) 13 014.01966–2008 (42 years) 22°16′57.26″N 114°09′22.27″E Prosperity Tower (39 Queen's Road Central) [319]
Luk Hoi Tong Building 024.043 (142) 13 006.01961–2008 (47 years) 22°16′55.46″N 114°09′23.54″E LHT Tower (31 Queen's Road Central) [320][321]
Alexandra House (2nd Generation) — 025.043 (142) 13 003.01952–1974 (22 years) 22°16′54.04″N 114°09′30.52″E Alexandra House (Current) [322][323]
Kingsford Industrial Centre — 026.040 (131) 12 1986–2006 (20 years) 22°17′37.58″N 114°14′12.76″E The Spectacle [324]


Notable cancelled or vision projects

This lists notable projects that were abandoned, cancelled or never meant to be built that had a planned height of at least 400 m (1,300 ft).

Name Height
m (ft) 		Floors* Notes
Bionic Tower 1,128 (3,701)[F] 300
  • A visionary proposal for a vertical city housing at least 100,000 people.[325][326][327]
Kowloon MTR Tower 574 (1,883)[G] 102
  • Original proposal for the Union Square development project in Kowloon was planned to be a candidate for the tallest building in the world.
  • New height restriction laws prohibited buildings from rising taller than surrounding mountains, forcing a reduction in height.
  • Project was also known as Kowloon Station Phase 7.
  • The project now completed as International Commerce Centre.[328][329][330]
Original Nina Tower Proposal 518 (1,699) 108
  • The original proposal for Nina Tower was planned to be the world's tallest building in 1994.
  • The proposal was rejected by the government due to the project's location near a major airway of the newly established Hong Kong International Airport.
  • The as-built tower is literally split in two, with the dominant part being Nina Tower and the smaller part being Teddy Tower.[331][332]
SAR Government Centre 450 (1,476) —
  • Project was moved to the Tamar Site and built as the Central Government Complex.[333]
The Gateway III 405 (1,329)[H] 96
  • Project was rejected due to conflict with height restriction laws and ultimately cancelled.[334][335]
Hong Kong Wanchai Tower 400 (1,312) — [336][337]

* Table entries without text indicate that information regarding floor counts have not been determined or remain unknown.


Timeline of tallest buildings

This lists buildings that once held the title of tallest building in Hong Kong.

Name Image Years as tallest Height
m (ft)		 Floors[E] Location Reference
Hong Kong & Shanghai Bank Building (3rd Generation) 1935–1950 (15 years) 01.070 (230) 13 09.01 Queen's Road Central
22°16′48.00″N 114°09′34.00″E		 [17]
Bank of China Building 1950–1963 (13 years) 02.076 (250) 17 02.02A Des Voeux Road Central
22°16′48.93″N 114°09′36.20″E		 [338][339]
Mandarin Oriental, Hong Kong 1963–1966 (3 years) 91 (300) 25 5 Connaught Road
22°16′53″N 114°9′27″E		 [340]
Kiu Kwan Mansion 1966–1971 (5 years) 04.095 (312) 28 03.0395 King's Road
22°17′28.32″N 114°11′57.12″E		 [341]
Pearl City Mansion 1971–1973 (2 years) 05.0109 (358) 34 08.022-36 Paterson Street
22°16′51.60″N 114°11′08.88″E		 [342]
Jardine House[B] 1973–1980 (7 years) 06.0179 (586) 52 01.01 Connaught Place
22°16′59.00″N 114°09′32.00″E		 [56]
Hopewell Centre 1980–1990 (10 years) 07.0222 (728) 64 10.0183 Queen's Road East
22°16′28.25″N 114°10′17.76″E		 [48]
Bank of China Tower 1990–1992 (2 years) 08.0367 (1,205) 70 05.01 Garden Road
22°16′45.00″N 114°09′41.00″E		 [40]
Central Plaza 1992–2003 (11 years) 09.0374 (1,227) 78 06.018 Harbour Road
22°16′48.00″N 114°10′25.00″E		 [38]
Two International Finance Centre 2003–2010 (7 years) 10.0416 (1,364) 88 04.08 Finance Street
22°17′07.09″N 114°09′33.37″E		 [36]
International Commerce Centre 2010–present 11.0484 (1,588) 108 1 Austin Road, Kowloon
22°18′12.21″N 114°09′36.61″E		 [5]

See also
  • Architecture of Hong Kong
  • List of cities with most skyscrapers
  • List of tallest buildings in China

Notes
A.1 The figure of 316 counts only buildings with known height figures greater than 150 m (492 ft). There are a number of completed buildings that are at least 50 storeys tall that do not have height figures listed as seen here , here and here on Emporis as well as CTBUH. It is possible but not definite that some of these skyscrapers are taller than 150 m (492 ft); thus, it is safe to only be stated that there are at least 316 buildings that are at least 150 m (492 ft) high.
B.1 2 This building was constructed as the Connaught Centre, but has since been renamed Jardine House.
C.1 Tower numbers may not be assigned sequentially in Hong Kong's multi-tower complexes due to the number 4 and its meaning in Chinese culture. Hence, it is common practice to skip the label "Tower 4" in complexes with four or more actual towers. A building named "Tower 8" in a complex may not imply that there are eight actual towers in said complex. As an example, a complex of six actual towers may have the first trio of towers be assigned Towers 1, 2, 3 and the second trio Towers 5, 6 and 7. The same may occur for large projects that have four or more phases of development.[343]
D.1 2 3 4 For groups of two or more interconnected buildings, the height shown refers to the tallest building of the group. The floor count shown refers to that of the tallest building in question.
E.1 2 3 Due to common practice of skipping floors with the number 4 (e.g. 4, 14, 24, 34, ... and so on) and 13 in Hong Kong, floors may not be labelled sequentially. Thus a building's total count of actual floors may not be equal to the number of the top floor. As an example, one residential tower has a top floor labelled "88", but contains only 42 actual floors. Sources that state the number of the top floor for a building's floor count may overstate the actual number of floors for the building in question. See numbers in Chinese culture, unlucky 13 and thirteenth floor for more background information.[343]
F.1 Two height figures were given for the Bionic Tower: 1,128 m (3,701 ft) and 1,228 m (4,029 ft). An official figure has not been determined.
G.1 One design iteration of the Kowloon MTR Tower has a spire that reached 610 m (2,001 ft) in height.
H.1 Two height figures were given for the Gateway Tower III: 405 m (1,329 ft) and 450 m (1,476 ft). An official figure has not been determined.

References
General
Specific
  1. "City Lists". CTBUH. Archived from the original on 2015-10-16. Retrieved 2015-10-15.
  2. "Cities with the most skyscrapers". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2012-10-03. Retrieved 2015-10-15.
  3. "Emporis Skyline Ranking". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2015-09-06. Retrieved 2015-10-15.
  4. "International Commerce Centre". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2007-01-27. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  5. "International Commerce Centre". SkyscraperPage.com. Archived from the original on 2007-11-20.
  6. "International Commerce Centre". The Skyscraper Center. CTBUH. Archived from the original on 2015-10-06. Retrieved 2015-10-15.
  7. Guinness World Records Ltd. (2013-04-30). Glenday, Craig (ed.). Guinness World Records 2013 (May 2013 ed.). New York: Random House Publishing Group. p. 276. ISBN 978-0-345-54711-8. Retrieved 2015-10-15.
  8. Gerometta, Marshall; Kazmierczak, Paul; Lacey, Matthew; Oldfield, Philip; Wood, Antony (2009). "Worlds Tallest 50 Urban Agglomerations, Projected 2010". CTBUH Journal. CTBUH (1): 2–3. Archived from the original on 2016-03-10. Retrieved 2015-10-15.
  9. Hanstedt, Paul (2014). Curry, Janel (ed.). Reading Hong Kong, Reading Ourselves. Kowloon, Hong Kong: City University of Hong Kong Press. p. 38. ISBN 978-962-937-235-4. Retrieved 2015-10-15.
  10. "Emporis World Building Map: Hong Kong". Emporis. Emporis. Archived from the original on 2015-10-03. Retrieved 2015-10-15. (Type "Hong Kong" in Search bar on top center.)
  11. Tang, Bo-sin; Chiang, Yat-hung; Baldwin, Andrew; Yeung, Chi-wai (2004-11-01). "Study of the Integrated Rail-Property Development Model in Hong Kong" (PDF). Reconnecting America. Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong: The Hong Kong Polytechnic University – Research Centre for Construction & Real Estate Economics. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2015-10-19.
  12. Cervero, Robert; Murakami, Jin (2009), "Rail + Property Development in Hong Kong: Experiences, Impacts, and Extensions", Urban Studies, 46 (10): 2019–2043, doi:10.1177/0042098009339431
  13. "The world's top 20 city skylines, CNNGo.com". Archived from the original on 2011-07-08. Retrieved 2011-03-01.
  14. "Top 15 Skylines of The World v 5.0 (Actually Top 30)". diserio.com. Archived from the original on 2008-07-01. Retrieved 2008-06-28.
  15. Gramsbergen, Egbert; Paul Kazmierczak. "The World's Best Skylines". Archived from the original on 2015-10-04. Retrieved 2015-10-15.
  16. "Most buildings in a permanent light and sound show". Officially Amazing Guinness World Records. Guinness World Records. 2005-11-21. Archived from the original on 2015-09-24. Retrieved 2015-10-15.
  17. "Hong Kong & Shanghai Bank". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2007-09-30. Retrieved 2008-06-27.
  18. Willis, Carol (2008-03-03). "Vertical Cities: Hong Kong / New York". The Skyscraper Museum. Archived from the original on 2008-07-25. Retrieved 2008-06-27.
  19. "Hong Kong". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2008-03-17. Retrieved 2008-06-28.
  20. "Central Plaza". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2008-03-16. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  21. "Bank of China Tower". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2008-03-15. Retrieved 2008-03-16.
  22. "Hopewell Centre". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2007-04-26. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  23. "Interactive Data: Hong Kong Skyscraper Timeline". The Skyscraper Center. CTBUH. Archived from the original on 2016-04-22. Retrieved 2015-10-15.
  24. "Two International Finance Center". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2007-06-02. Retrieved 2007-10-10.
  25. "Nina Tower I". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2007-09-29. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  26. "One Island East". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2007-09-29. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  27. "Sorrento 1". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2007-09-29. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  28. "Langham Place Office Tower". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2007-09-29. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  29. "The Harbourside". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2007-09-30. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  30. Steve, Fallon (2006). Hong Kong and Macau. Lonely Planet Publishing. ISBN 981-258-246-0.
  31. "Metro Town, Tiu Keng Leng Station Complex". The Skyscraper Center. CTBUH. Archived from the original on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2015-10-15.
  32. "LOHAS Park Complex". The Skyscraper Center. CTBUH. Archived from the original on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2015-10-15.
  33. South China Morning Post (2007-03-13). "High-rise heat trap revealed". South China Morning Post. Archived from the original on 2016-06-30. Retrieved 2015-10-15.
  34. Wong, Man-Sing; Nichol, Janet; Ng, Edward (2011-06-08). "A study of the "wall effect" caused by proliferation of high-rise buildings using GIS technique" (PDF). Landscape and Urban Planning. Elsevier B.V. 102 (4): 245–253. doi:10.1016/j.landurbplan.2011.05.003. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-08-01. Retrieved 2015-10-15.
  35. Nichol, Janet; To, Pui-Hang (2011-07-08). "Temporal Characteristics of Thermal Satellite Sensors for Urban Heat Island Analysis". Earthzine. IEEE. Archived from the original on 2016-10-12. Retrieved 2015-10-15.
  36. "2 International Finance Centre". SkyscraperPage.com. Archived from the original on 2007-11-12. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  37. "Two International Finance Centre". The Skyscraper Center. CTBUH. Archived from the original on 2015-09-07. Retrieved 2015-10-15.
  38. "Central Plaza". SkyscraperPage.com. Archived from the original on 2007-11-16. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  39. "Central Plaza". The Skyscraper Center. CTBUH. Archived from the original on 2015-09-07. Retrieved 2015-10-15.
  40. "Bank of China Tower". SkyscraperPage.com. Archived from the original on 2008-03-12. Retrieved 2008-03-16.
  41. "Bank of China Tower". The Skyscraper Center. CTBUH. Archived from the original on 2015-09-07. Retrieved 2015-10-15.
  42. "Cheung Kong Centre". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2007-09-29. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  43. "Cheung Kong Center". SkyscraperPage.com. Archived from the original on 2007-12-19. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  44. "Cheung Kong Centre". The Skyscraper Center. CTBUH. Archived from the original on 2015-09-21. Retrieved 2015-10-15.
  45. "The Center". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2007-09-30. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  46. "The Center". SkyscraperPage.com. Archived from the original on 2007-12-19. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  47. "The Center". The Skyscraper Center. CTBUH. Archived from the original on 2015-09-07. Retrieved 2015-10-15.
  48. "Hopewell Centre". SkyscraperPage.com. Skyscraper Source Media. Archived from the original on 2015-09-05. Retrieved 2015-10-15.
  49. "Hopewell Centre". The Skyscraper Centre. CTBUH. Archived from the original on 2015-12-08. Retrieved 2015-10-15.
  50. "Hong Kong And Shanghai Bank". The Skyscraper Center. CTBUH. Archived from the original on 2015-12-08. Retrieved 2015-10-15.
  51. "Hongkong & Shanghai Bank". Emporis. Emporis. Archived from the original on 2015-10-08. Retrieved 2015-10-15.
  52. "HSBC Building". SkyscraperPage.com. Skyscraper Source Media. Archived from the original on 2015-09-28. Retrieved 2015-10-15.
  53. Campanella, Thomas (2012). The Concrete Dragon: China's Urban Revolution and What it Means for the World. Chronicle Books. p. 139. ISBN 978-1-56898-948-8.
  54. Warner, Jeremy (27 March 1994). "Jardine makes enemies where it needs friends". The Independent. Independent Print Limited. Archived from the original on 7 March 2016. Retrieved 2015-10-08.
  55. "Jardine House". Emporis. Emporis. Archived from the original on 2015-10-17. Retrieved 2015-10-15.
  56. "Jardine House". SkyscraperPage.com. Skyscraper Source Media. Archived from the original on 2015-09-05. Retrieved 2015-10-15.
  57. "Jardine House". The Skyscraper Center. CTBUH. Archived from the original on 2015-09-22. Retrieved 2015-10-15.
  58. "CITIC Plaza". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2007-09-29. Retrieved 2008-06-27.
  59. "Nina Tower 1 & 2". SkyscraperPage.com. Archived from the original on 2007-12-19. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  60. "One Island East". SkyscraperPage.com. Archived from the original on 2007-10-20. Retrieved 2007-08-14.
  61. "The Cullinan North Tower". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2007-09-29. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  62. "Union Square Phase 6". SkyscraperPage.com. Archived from the original on 2007-12-19. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  63. "The Cullinan South Tower". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2008-03-16. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  64. "New World Centre Redevelopment". The Skyscraper Center. CTBUH. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2015-10-16.
  65. SINA Finance (2009-01-30). "新世界中心东翼重建获批". SINA (in Chinese). SINA. Archived from the original on 2015-06-15. Retrieved 2015-10-16.
  66. "Hotel Panorama". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2007-09-30. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  67. "Hanoi Road Redevelopment". SkyscraperPage.com. Archived from the original on 2007-12-19. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  68. "The Sorrento". SkyscraperPage.com. Archived from the original on 2007-12-19. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  69. "Langham Place Office Tower". SkyscraperPage.com. Archived from the original on 2007-12-19. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  70. "Highcliff". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2007-09-29. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  71. "Highcliff". SkyscraperPage.com. Archived from the original on 2007-12-19. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  72. "The HarbourSide". SkyscraperPage.com. Archived from the original on 2007-12-19. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  73. "Manulife Plaza". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2007-09-29. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  74. "Manulife Plaza". SkyscraperPage.com. Archived from the original on 2007-12-19. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  75. "Sorrento 2". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2008-03-16. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  76. "The Harbourfront Landmark". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2007-09-29. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  77. "Harbourfront Landmark". SkyscraperPage.com. Archived from the original on 2007-12-19. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  78. "The Arch". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2007-09-29. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  79. "The Arch". SkyscraperPage.com. Archived from the original on 2007-12-19. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  80. "Cosco Tower". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2007-09-29. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  81. "Cosco Tower". SkyscraperPage.com. Archived from the original on 2007-12-19. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  82. "The Belcher's Tower 5". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2008-03-17. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  83. "The Belcher's". SkyscraperPage.com. Archived from the original on 2007-12-19. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  84. "The Belcher's Tower 6". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2007-09-30. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  85. "The Belcher's Tower 1". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2008-03-17. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  86. "The Belcher's Tower 2". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2008-03-17. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  87. "Tregunter 3". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2008-03-17. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  88. "Tregunter Tower 3". SkyscraperPage.com. Archived from the original on 2007-12-19. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  89. "The Summit". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2008-03-17. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  90. "The Summit". SkyscraperPage.com. Archived from the original on 2007-12-19. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  91. "Grand Promenade 2-5". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2008-03-17. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  92. "Grand Promenade". SkyscraperPage.com. Archived from the original on 2007-12-19. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  93. "Sorrento 3". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2008-02-19. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  94. "LOHAS Park Phase 2B Le Prime". Google Maps. Retrieved 2015-10-17.
  95. "All Transaction Estates > Lohas Park > Phase 2b Le Prime > Tower 6 – L Wing". Centadata: Transaction History. Centadata Company Limited. Retrieved 2015-10-17.
  96. "All Transaction Estates > Lohas Park > Phase 2b Le Prime > Tower 6 – R Wing". Centadata: Transaction History. Centadata Company Limited. Retrieved 2015-10-17.
  97. "All Transaction Estates > Lohas Park > Phase 2b Le Prime > Tower 7 – L Wing". Centadata: Transaction History. Centadata Company Limited. Retrieved 2015-10-17.
  98. "All Transaction Estates > Lohas Park > Phase 2b Le Prime > Tower 7 – R Wing". Centadata: Transaction History. Centadata Company Limited. Retrieved 2015-10-17.
  99. "All Transaction Estates > Lohas Park > Phase 2b Le Prime > Tower 8 – L Wing". Centadata: Transaction History. Centadata Company Limited. Retrieved 2015-10-17.
  100. "All Transaction Estates > Lohas Park > Phase 2b Le Prime > Tower 8 – R Wing". Centadata: Transaction History. Centadata Company Limited. Retrieved 2015-10-17.
  101. "Sun Hung Kai Centre". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2007-04-26. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  102. "Sun Hung Kai Center". SkyscraperPage.com. Archived from the original on 2007-12-19. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  103. "The Belcher's Tower 3". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2008-03-17. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  104. "The Belcher's Tower 8". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2008-03-17. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  105. "Shangri-La Hotel". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2007-05-01. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  106. "Shangri-La Hotel". SkyscraperPage.com. Archived from the original on 2007-12-19. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  107. "Victoria Towers 1". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2008-02-19. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  108. "Victoria Towers". SkyscraperPage.com. Archived from the original on 2007-12-19. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  109. "Victoria Towers 2". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2008-03-17. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  110. "Victoria Towers 3". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2008-02-19. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  111. "Shining Heights". CTBUH. Archived from the original on 2012-02-10. Retrieved 2011-09-25.
  112. "Sorrento 5". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2008-02-19. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  113. "Indi Home". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2007-03-12. Retrieved 2008-06-28.
  114. "Indi Home". SkyscraperPage.com. Archived from the original on 2008-06-24. Retrieved 2008-06-28.
  115. "Indi Home". CTBUH. Archived from the original on 2012-02-10. Retrieved 2011-09-25.
  116. "All Transaction Estates > Lohas Park > Phase 1 The Capitol > Banff (Tower 1 – L Wing)". Centadata: Transaction History. Centadata Company Limited. Retrieved 2015-10-17.
  117. "All Transaction Estates > Lohas Park > Phase 1 The Capitol > Florence (Tower 1 – R Wing)". Centadata: Transaction History. Centadata Company Limited. Retrieved 2015-10-17.
  118. "All Transaction Estates > Lohas Park > Phase 1 The Capitol > Lucerne (Tower 2 – L Wing)". Centadata: Transaction History. Centadata Company Limited. Retrieved 2015-10-17.
  119. "All Transaction Estates > Lohas Park > Phase 1 The Capitol > Madrid (Tower 2 – R Wing)". Centadata: Transaction History. Centadata Company Limited. Retrieved 2015-10-17.
  120. "All Transaction Estates > Lohas Park > Phase 3a Hemera > Diamond (Tower 1)". Centadata: Transaction History. Centadata Company Limited. Retrieved 2015-10-18.
  121. "All Transaction Estates > Lohas Park > Phase 3a Hemera > Emerald (Tower 2)". Centadata: Transaction History. Centadata Company Limited. Retrieved 2015-10-18.
  122. "One International Finance Centre". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2007-04-29. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  123. "1 International Finance Centre". SkyscraperPage.com. Archived from the original on 2007-12-19. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  124. "Grand Promenade 1". Emporis.com. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  125. "Grand Promenade Tower 1". CTBUH. Archived from the original on 2012-02-10. Retrieved 2011-09-25.
  126. "Grand Promenade 6". Emporis.com. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  127. "Grand Promenade Tower 6". CTBUH. Archived from the original on 2012-02-10. Retrieved 2011-09-25.
  128. "Metro Plaza Tower 2". Emporis.com. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  129. "Metroplaza Tower 2". SkyscraperPage.com. Archived from the original on 2007-12-19. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  130. "The Hermitage 1-3". The Skyscraper Center. CTBUH. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2015-10-15.
  131. "The Hermitage". SkyscraperPage.com. Skyscraper Source Media. Archived from the original on 2015-09-05. Retrieved 2015-10-15.
  132. "Sorrento 6". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2008-03-17. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  133. "All Transaction Estates > Lohas Park > Phase 1 The Capitol > Milan (Tower 3 – L Wing)". Centadata: Transaction History. Centadata Company Limited. Retrieved 2015-10-17.
  134. "All Transaction Estates > Lohas Park > Phase 1 The Capitol > Montreal (Tower 3 – R Wing)". Centadata: Transaction History. Centadata Company Limited. Retrieved 2015-10-17.
  135. "All Transaction Estates > Lohas Park > Phase 1 The Capitol > Oslo (Tower 5 – L Wing)". Centadata: Transaction History. Centadata Company Limited. Retrieved 2015-10-17.
  136. "All Transaction Estates > Lohas Park > Phase 1 The Capitol > Venice (Tower 5 – R Wing)". Centadata: Transaction History. Centadata Company Limited. Retrieved 2015-10-17.
  137. "All Transaction Estates > Lohas Park > Phase 2c La Splendeur > Almond Blossom (Tower 9 – L Wing)". Centadata: Transaction History. Centadata Company Limited. Archived from the original on 2016-06-11. Retrieved 2015-10-17.
  138. "All Transaction Estates > Lohas Park > Phase 2c La Splendeur > Bouquet (Tower 9 – R Wing)". Centadata: Transaction History. Centadata Company Limited. Retrieved 2015-10-17.
  139. "All Transaction Estates > Lohas Park > Phase 2c La Splendeur > Flamingos (Tower 10 – L Wing)". Centadata: Transaction History. Centadata Company Limited. Retrieved 2015-10-17.
  140. "All Transaction Estates > Lohas Park > Phase 2c La Splendeur > Irises (Tower 10 – R Wing)". Centadata: Transaction History. Centadata Company Limited. Retrieved 2015-10-17.
  141. "All Transaction Estates > Lohas Park > Phase 2c La Splendeur > Meadowland (Tower 11 – L Wing)". Centadata: Transaction History. Centadata Company Limited. Retrieved 2015-10-17.
  142. "All Transaction Estates > Lohas Park > Phase 2c La Splendeur > Morning Haze (Tower 11 – R Wing)". Centadata: Transaction History. Centadata Company Limited. Retrieved 2015-10-17.
  143. "Bellagio Tower 1-5". The Skyscraper Center. CTBUH. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2015-10-14.
  144. "Citibank Plaza". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2007-03-14. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  145. "Citibank Plaza". SkyscraperPage.com. Archived from the original on 2007-12-19. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  146. "May House". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2007-04-28. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  147. "May House". SkyscraperPage.com. Archived from the original on 2007-12-19. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  148. "Metro Town Tower 1". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2007-04-29. Retrieved 2008-06-28.
  149. "Metro Town – Tower 1". SkyscraperPage.com. Archived from the original on 2008-06-24. Retrieved 2008-06-28.
  150. "Metro Town Tower 2". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2007-04-29. Retrieved 2008-06-28.
  151. "Metro Town – Tower 2". SkyscraperPage.com. Archived from the original on 2008-06-24. Retrieved 2008-06-28.
  152. "Four Seasons Place". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2008-03-17. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  153. "Four Seasons Place". SkyscraperPage.com. Archived from the original on 2007-12-19. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  154. "Hysan Place". The Skyscraper Center. CTBUH. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2015-10-15.
  155. "KPF's latest green high rise". Worldarchitecturenews.com. 2012-09-05. Archived from the original on 2015-12-08. Retrieved 2015-10-18.
  156. "Island Resort". SkyscraperPage.com. Archived from the original on 2007-12-19. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  157. "Island Resort Tower 1–2". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2008-03-17. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  158. "Island Resort Tower 3-5". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2008-03-17. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  159. "Island Resort Tower 6-7". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2008-03-17. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  160. "Island Resort Tower 8-9". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2008-03-17. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  161. "China Online Centre". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2007-04-26. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  162. "China Online Centre". SkyscraperPage.com. Archived from the original on 2007-12-19. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  163. "All Transaction Estates > Lohas Park > Phase 2a Le Prestige > Moon Light (Tower 1 – L Wing)". Centadata: Transaction History. Centadata Company Limited. Retrieved 2015-10-17.
  164. "All Transaction Estates > Lohas Park > Phase 2a Le Prestige > Mona Lisa (Tower 1 – R Wing)". Centadata: Transaction History. Centadata Company Limited. Retrieved 2015-10-17.
  165. "All Transaction Estates > Lohas Park > Phase 2a Le Prestige > Swan Lake (Tower 2 – L Wing)". Centadata: Transaction History. Centadata Company Limited. Retrieved 2015-10-17.
  166. "All Transaction Estates > Lohas Park > Phase 2a Le Prestige > Sun Flower (Tower 2 – R Wing)". Centadata: Transaction History. Centadata Company Limited. Retrieved 2015-10-17.
  167. "All Transaction Estates > Lohas Park > Phase 2a Le Prestige > Four Seasons (Tower 3 – L Wing)". Centadata: Transaction History. Centadata Company Limited. Retrieved 2015-10-17.
  168. "All Transaction Estates > Lohas Park > Phase 2a Le Prestige > Starry Night (Tower 3 – R Wing)". Centadata: Transaction History. Centadata Company Limited. Retrieved 2015-10-17.
  169. "All Transaction Estates > Lohas Park > Phase 2a Le Prestige > Blue Danube (Tower 5 – L Wing)". Centadata: Transaction History. Centadata Company Limited. Retrieved 2015-10-17.
  170. "All Transaction Estates > Lohas Park > Phase 2a Le Prestige > Water Lilies (Tower 5 – R Wing)". Centadata: Transaction History. Centadata Company Limited. Retrieved 2015-10-17.
  171. "All Transaction Estates > Lohas Park > Phase 1 The Capitol > Vienna (Tower 6 – L Wing)". Centadata: Transaction History. Centadata Company Limited. Retrieved 2015-10-17.
  172. "All Transaction Estates > Lohas Park > Phase 1 The Capitol > Whistler (Tower 6 – R Wing)". Centadata: Transaction History. Centadata Company Limited. Retrieved 2015-10-17.
  173. "Conrad International Hotel". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2007-04-29. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  174. "Conrad International Hotel". SkyscraperPage.com. Archived from the original on 2007-12-19. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  175. "Queensway Government Office Building". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2007-03-30. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  176. "Queensway Government Office Building". SkyscraperPage.com. Archived from the original on 2007-12-19. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  177. "Le Point Tower 6-7". SkyscraperPage.com. Skyscraper Source Media. Archived from the original on 2015-09-05. Retrieved 2015-10-14.
  178. "Bellagio Tower 6-9". SkyscraperPage.com. Archived from the original on 2008-06-24. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  179. "The Hermitage 6-8". The Skyscraper Center. CTBUH. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2015-10-15.
  180. "Manhattan Hill 1—2". Emporis.com. Retrieved 2008-06-28.
  181. "Manhattan Hill". SkyscraperPage.com. Archived from the original on 2007-12-19. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  182. "The Merton 1". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2008-03-17. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  183. "The Merton". SkyscraperPage.com. Archived from the original on 2007-12-19. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  184. "The Pacifica 1". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2007-04-26. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  185. "The Pacifica". SkyscraperPage.com. Archived from the original on 2007-12-19. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  186. "The Pacifica 2—5". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2007-04-26. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  187. "The Pacifica 6". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2008-02-19. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  188. "The Pacifica 7". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2007-04-26. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  189. "Cable TV Tower". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2007-05-06. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  190. "Wharf Cable Tower". CTBUH Skyscraper Center.
  191. "Tower South". Emporis. Emporis. Archived from the original on 2016-11-05. Retrieved 2015-10-15.
  192. "Tower West". Emporis. Emporis. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2015-10-15.
  193. "Aigburth". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2008-03-17. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  194. "Aigburth". SkyscraperPage.com. Archived from the original on 2008-06-24. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  195. "Vision City 2". Emporis.com. Retrieved 2008-06-28.
  196. "Vision City". SkyscraperPage.com. Archived from the original on 2007-12-19. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  197. "Vision City 3". Emporis.com. Retrieved 2008-06-28.
  198. "Vision City 5". Emporis.com. Retrieved 2008-06-28.
  199. "Le Point Tower 8-10". SkyscraperPage.com. Skyscraper Source Media. Archived from the original on 2015-09-05. Retrieved 2015-10-15.
  200. "Times Square Natwest Tower". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2008-02-26. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  201. "Times Square Natwest Tower". SkyscraperPage.com. Archived from the original on 2007-12-19. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  202. "Primrose Hill Tower 3". Emporis. Emporis. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2015-10-15.
  203. "Vision City 1". Emporis.com. Retrieved 2008-06-28.
  204. "39 Conduit Road". CTBUH. Archived from the original on 2012-02-14. Retrieved 2011-09-25.
  205. "Banyan Garden 2". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2008-02-19. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  206. "Banyan Garden". SkyscraperPage.com. Archived from the original on 2007-12-19. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  207. "Banyan Garden 6". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2008-02-19. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  208. "Banyan Garden 7". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2008-02-19. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  209. "All Transaction Estates > Lohas Park > Phase 3a Hemera > Amber (Tower 3)". Centadata: Transaction History. Centadata Company Limited. Retrieved 2015-10-18.
  210. "All Transaction Estates > Lohas Park > Phase 3a Hemera > Topaz (Tower 5)". Centadata: Transaction History. Centadata Company Limited. Retrieved 2015-10-18.
  211. "The Centrium". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2007-05-26. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  212. "The Centrium". SkyscraperPage.com. Archived from the original on 2007-12-24. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  213. "The Merton 2". CTBUH. Archived from the original on 2012-02-06. Retrieved 2011-09-25.
  214. "Metro Town Tower 3". Emporis.com. Retrieved 2008-06-28.
  215. "Metro Town – Tower 3". SkyscraperPage.com. Archived from the original on 2009-03-04. Retrieved 2008-06-28.
  216. "Metro Town Tower 5". Emporis.com. Retrieved 2008-06-28.
  217. "Metro Town – Tower 4". SkyscraperPage.com. Archived from the original on 2009-03-04. Retrieved 2008-06-28.
  218. "One Exchange Square". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2008-02-26. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  219. "Two Exchange Square". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2008-02-26. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  220. "Oxford House Time Warner". CTBUH. Archived from the original on 2012-02-03. Retrieved 2011-09-25.
  221. "Millennium City 5". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2007-04-28. Retrieved 2008-06-28.
  222. "Millennium City 5". SkyscraperPage.com. Archived from the original on 2009-03-04. Retrieved 2008-06-28.
  223. "Landmark East Tower 1". CTBUH. Archived from the original on 2011-08-15. Retrieved 2011-09-25.
  224. "Landmark East Tower 2". CTBUH. Archived from the original on 2011-08-15. Retrieved 2011-09-25.
  225. "9 Queen's Road Central". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2007-05-26. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  226. "9 Queens Road Central". SkyscraperPage.com. Archived from the original on 2007-12-24. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  227. "Entertainment Building". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2007-09-30. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  228. "Entertainment Building". SkyscraperPage.com. Archived from the original on 2007-12-24. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  229. "Manhattan Hill 3". Emporis.com. Retrieved 2008-06-28.
  230. "Manhattan Hill 5". Emporis.com. Retrieved 2008-06-28.
  231. "Manhattan Hill 6". Emporis.com. Retrieved 2008-06-28.
  232. "Lippo Centre II". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2007-03-18. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  233. "Lippo Centre". SkyscraperPage.com. Archived from the original on 2007-11-23. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  234. "The Westpoint". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2007-04-26. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  235. "The Westpoint". SkyscraperPage.com. Archived from the original on 2007-12-24. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  236. "Standard Chartered Bank Building". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2008-02-26. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  237. "Sino Plaza". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2008-02-26. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  238. "Sino Plaza". SkyscraperPage.com. Archived from the original on 2007-12-19. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  239. "Manhattan Heights". SkyscraperPage.com. Archived from the original on 2007-10-20. Retrieved 2007-10-10.
  240. "Manhattan Heights". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2007-09-30. Retrieved 2007-10-07.
  241. "AIG Tower". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2007-09-29. Retrieved 2007-08-17.
  242. "AIG Tower". SkyscraperPage.com. Archived from the original on 2007-12-24. Retrieved 2007-09-18.
  243. "Festival City III Tower 1". The Skyscraper Center. CTBUH. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2015-10-15.
  244. "Festival City III Tower 2". The Skyscraper Center. CTBUH. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2015-10-15.
  245. "Festival City III Tower 3". The Skyscraper Center. CTBUH. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2015-10-15.
  246. "Festival City III Tower 5". The Skyscraper Center. CTBUH. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2015-10-15.
  247. "Ocean Pointe". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2008-03-17. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  248. "Ocean Pointe". SkyscraperPage.com. Archived from the original on 2007-12-24. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  249. "Vision City 6". Emporis.com. Retrieved 2008-06-28.
  250. "Banyan Garden 5". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2008-02-19. Retrieved 2007-11-22.
  251. "Three Pacific Place". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2008-02-25. Retrieved 2007-11-22.
  252. "Three Pacific Place". SkyscraperPage.com. Archived from the original on 2007-12-25. Retrieved 2007-11-22.
  253. "Branksome Crest". The Skyscraper Center. CTBUH. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2015-10-14.
  254. "Convention Plaza Office Tower". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2007-04-28. Retrieved 2007-11-22.
  255. "Hong Kong Convention & Exhibition Center". SkyscraperPage.com. Archived from the original on 2007-12-25. Retrieved 2007-11-22.
  256. "Liberte". SkyscraperPage.com. Archived from the original on 2007-12-24. Retrieved 2007-11-22.
  257. "Liberte 1". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2008-02-19. Retrieved 2007-11-22.
  258. "Liberte 2". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2008-02-19. Retrieved 2007-11-22.
  259. "Liberte 3". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2008-02-19. Retrieved 2007-11-22.
  260. "Immigration Tower". Emporis.com. Retrieved 2008-06-28.
  261. "Immigration Tower". SkyscraperPage.com. Archived from the original on 2009-03-04. Retrieved 2008-06-28.
  262. "Revenue Tower". Emporis.com. Retrieved 2008-06-28.
  263. "Revenue Tower". SkyscraperPage.com. Archived from the original on 2009-03-04. Retrieved 2008-06-28.
  264. "AIA Tower". Archived from the original on 2007-04-28. Retrieved 2007-11-22.
  265. "AIA Tower". SkyscraperPage.com. Archived from the original on 2007-12-25. Retrieved 2007-11-22.
  266. "Sham Wan Towers 1". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2007-05-05. Retrieved 2008-06-28.
  267. "Sham Wan Towers". SkyscraperPage.com. Archived from the original on 2009-03-04. Retrieved 2008-06-28.
  268. "Sham Wan Towers 2". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2007-04-29. Retrieved 2008-06-28.
  269. "Sham Wan Towers 3". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2007-04-28. Retrieved 2008-06-28.
  270. "Liberte 5". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2008-03-17. Retrieved 2007-11-22.
  271. "Liberte 6". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2008-02-19. Retrieved 2007-11-22.
  272. "Banyan Garden 3, Hong Kong, China". Emporis.com. Archived from the original on 2012-11-02. Retrieved 2011-09-26.
  273. "Banyan Garden 3". CTBUH.com. Archived from the original on 2012-06-29. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  274. "Kwun Tong Town Centre". The Skyscraper Center. CTBUH. Archived from the original on 2015-09-22. Retrieved 2015-10-16.
  275. Ng, Joyce (2009-01-24). "Kwun Tong Tower Needs 20-Metre Cut". South China Morning Post. Archived from the original on 2016-11-05. Retrieved 2015-10-16.
  276. https://www.ura.org.hk/f/project/293/K7-%20FI%20Final%20Submission%20made%20on%2012%20Dec%202017%20Image.pdf
  277. Wong, Olga (2009-05-16). "Eased height limits pave way for taller buildings in Quarry Bay". South China Morning Post. Archived from the original on 2016-07-01. Retrieved 2015-10-16.
  278. "太古坊2期重建 12年圓夢" (in Chinese). 香港文匯報. 2011-03-03. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2015-10-16.
  279. "Somerset House Redevelopment". The Skyscraper Centre. CTBUH. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2015-10-16.
  280. "Hopewell Centre II". Hopewell Holdings Limited. Hopewell Holdings Limited. Archived from the original on 2016-01-04. Retrieved 2015-10-16.
  281. Hopewell Holdings Limited (2008-11-19). "Hopewell Holdings Limited Revises Development Plan of Hopewell Centre II" (PDF). Hopewell Holdings Limited. p. 1. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-04-06. Retrieved 2015-10-16.
  282. "Hopewell Centre II Project". Hopewell Centre II 2015 Scheme. Hopewell Holdings Limited. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2015-10-16.
  283. "The Ritz-Carlton". The Skyscraper Center. CTBUH. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2015-10-18.
  284. Liu, Yvonne (2012-08-23). "New prime office space in Central up for lease". South China Morning Post. Archived from the original on 2016-09-24. Retrieved 2015-10-18.
  285. "Hennessy Centre". Emporis. Emporis. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2015-10-18.
  286. "Furama Kempinski Hotel". Emporis. Emporis. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2015-10-18.
  287. "Lodge on the Park". Emporis. Emporis. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2015-10-18.
  288. "Kennedy Park at Central". Emporis. Emporis. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2015-10-19.
  289. "Beautiful City Building". Emporis. Emporis. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2015-10-19.
  290. "Tai Sang Commercial Building". Emporis. Emporis. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2015-10-18.
  291. "24-34 Hennessy Road Redevelopment". SkyscraperPage.com. Skyscraper Source Media. Archived from the original on 2015-09-05. Retrieved 2015-10-18.
  292. "Tai Sang Commercial Building". SkyscraperPage.com. Skyscraper Source Media. Archived from the original on 2015-09-05. Retrieved 2015-10-18.
  293. "Hilton Hotel". Emporis. Emporis. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2015-10-18.
  294. "Elegant Court". Emporis. Emporis. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2015-10-19.
  295. "Crocodile House 1". Emporis. Emporis. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2015-10-18.
  296. Apple Daily (2010-09-06). "干諾道中50至59號　43億放售 挑戰新高　中環商廈呎價索2.5萬" (in Chinese). Apple Daily. AD Internet Limited. Archived from the original on 2015-12-22. Retrieved 2015-10-18.
  297. "Melbourne Industrial Building". Emporis. Emporis. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2015-10-18.
  298. "Aik San Factory Building". Emporis. Emporis. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2015-10-18.
  299. Woo, Richard (2000-12-13). "Swire moves to expand Island East complex". South China Morning Post. Archived from the original on 2016-09-24. Retrieved 2015-10-18.
  300. "Lee Gardens Hotel". Emporis. Emporis. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2015-10-18.
  301. "Ananda Tower". Emporis. Emporis. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2015-10-18.
  302. Hong Kong Institute of Architects; Create HK; The University of Hong Kong Faculty of Architecture (2012). "Visit : Central – Structure of Skyscrapers". HKedcity. Hong Kong Institute of Architects. p. 6. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2015-10-19.
  303. "Swire House (originally named "Union House") [1962-1998]". Gwulo: Old Hong Kong. Gwulo.com. Archived from the original on 2015-09-28. Retrieved 2015-10-18.
  304. "Swire House". Emporis. Emporis. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2015-10-18.
  305. "Crocodile House 2". Emporis. Emporis. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2015-10-18.
  306. "Standard Chartered Bank Building". Emporis. Emporis. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2015-10-19.
  307. "Chartered Bank / Standard Chartered Bank building [1959-1986]". Gwulo: Old Hong Kong. Gwulo.com. Archived from the original on 2015-07-03. Retrieved 2015-10-19.
  308. "Hyatt Regency Hong Kong". Emporis. Emporis. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2015-10-18.
  309. "President / Hyatt Hotel [1963-2006]". Gwulo: Old Hong Kong. Gwulo.com. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2015-10-18.
  310. "Tung Ying Building". Emporis. Emporis. Archived from the original on 2016-09-27. Retrieved 2015-10-18.
  311. "Tung Ying Building, Tsim Sha Tsui". Hong Kong Memory. Hong Kong Memory Project. 2012. Archived from the original on 2015-12-31. Retrieved 2015-10-18.
  312. Chinese Estates Holdings Limited (2008-08-07). "2008 Interim Results Press Release". Chinese Estates Holdings Limited. Archived from the original on 2016-09-25. Retrieved 2015-10-18.
  313. "Tung Sang Building". Emporis. Emporis. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2015-10-18.
  314. "City East Building". Emporis. Emporis. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2015-10-18.
  315. "Jardine House (3rd generation) [1957-1980]". Gwulo: Old Hong Kong. Gwulo.com. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2015-10-18.
  316. "Old Jardine House". Emporis. Emporis. Archived from the original on 2016-08-22. Retrieved 2015-10-18.
  317. "Project Profile: Chiao Shang Building". ATAL Building Services. ATAL Building Services. Archived from the original on 2016-03-12. Retrieved 2015-10-18.
  318. "Chiao Shang Building". Emporis. Emporis. Archived from the original on 2016-09-27. Retrieved 2015-10-18.
  319. "The Dragon Seed Company [1966-2008]". Gwulo: Old Hong Kong. Gwulo.com. Archived from the original on 2015-09-10. Retrieved 2015-10-18.
  320. "Commercial Developments: Luk Hoi Tong Building Redevelopment, Hong Kong". Gammon. Gammon Construction Limited. 2012. Archived from the original on 2015-06-28. Retrieved 2015-10-18.
  321. "Luk Hoi Tong Building". Emporis. Emporis. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2015-10-18.
  322. "Old Alexandra House". Emporis. Emporis. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2015-10-18.
  323. "Alexandra House (1st generation) [1952-1974]". Gwulo: Old Hong Kong. Gwulo.com. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2015-10-18.
  324. "Kingsford Industrial Centre". Emporis. Emporis. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2015-10-18.
  325. "Bionic Tower". The Skyscraper Center. CTBUH. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2015-10-18.
  326. "Bionic Tower". Emporis. Emporis. Archived from the original on 2015-06-24. Retrieved 2015-10-18.
  327. "Bionic Tower". SkyscraperPage.com. Skyscraper Source Media. Archived from the original on 2015-09-05. Retrieved 2015-10-18.
  328. "Kowloon MTR Tower". The Skyscraper Center. CTBUH. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2015-10-18.
  329. "Kowloon Station Phase 7". Emporis. Emporis. Archived from the original on 2015-06-19. Retrieved 2015-10-18.
  330. "Kowloon MTR Tower". SkyscraperPage.com. Skyscraper Source Media. Archived from the original on 2015-09-05. Retrieved 2015-10-18.
  331. "Nina Tower". The Skyscraper Center. CTBUH. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2015-10-18.
  332. "Nina Tower". Emporis. Emporis. Archived from the original on 2016-01-12. Retrieved 2015-10-18.
  333. "SAR Government Building". The Skyscraper Center. CTBUH. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2015-10-18.
  334. "Gateway III, Kowloon". The Skyscraper Center. CTBUH. Archived from the original on 2015-06-07. Retrieved 2010-06-18.
  335. "The Gateway 3". SkyscraperPage.com. Skyscraper Source Media. Archived from the original on 2015-09-05. Retrieved 2015-10-18.
  336. "Hong Kong Wanchai Tower". Emporis. Emporis. Archived from the original on 2015-06-24. Retrieved 2015-10-18.
  337. "Hong Kong Wanchai Tower". SkyscraperPage.com. Skyscraper Source Media. Archived from the original on 2015-09-05. Retrieved 2015-10-18.
  338. "Bank of China Building". SkyscraperPage.com. Archived from the original on 2007-12-24. Retrieved 2007-11-21.
  339. "Old Bank of China Building". A view on cities. Archived from the original on 2008-06-17. Retrieved 2008-06-27.
  340. https://plus.google.com/+travelandleisure/posts. "Story of a Classic | The Mandarin Oriental, Hong Kong". Travel + Leisure. Retrieved 2018-09-03.
  341. "North Point/Fortress Hill: Kiu Kwan Mansion". Centadata. 2012. Retrieved 2016-05-25.
  342. "Pearl City Mansion". SkyscraperPage.com. Archived from the original on 2007-12-25. Retrieved 2007-11-21.
  343. CTBUH (2015). Binder, Georges (ed.). Tall Buildings of China. Australia: The Images Publishing Group Pty Ltd. p. 21. ISBN 978-1-86470-412-9.

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.