Timeline of Gdańsk
Middle Ages
Timeline of Gdańsk
Historical affiliations
Historical affiliations
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- 997 - Gdańsk existence confirmed.
- 1224 - Gdańsk granted city rights.
- 1227 - Dominican Monastery founded in Gdańsk.
- 1260 - St. Dominic's Fair begins.
- 1263 - The village of Wrzeszcz, today's borough of Gdańsk, mentioned for the first time[1]
- 1294, 1295 - Visits of Polish King Przemysł II.[2]
- 1308 - November 13: Teutonic takeover of Gdańsk.
- 1326 - St. Catherine's Church built.[3]
- 1346 - Gaol Tower built.[4]
- 1350 - Artus Court built (approximate date).
- 1360 - City joins Hanseatic League (approximate date).[3]
- 1391 - Foundation of the Marienbrunn Abbey.
- 1410 - The city recognized Polish King Władysław II Jagiełło as rightful ruler,[5] but the next year it came under Teutonic rule again.
- 1440 - City joins the anti-Teutonic Prussian Confederation.
- 1454
- March: City reincorporated to the Kingdom of Poland by King Casimir IV Jagiellon upon the request of the Prussian Confederation.[6]
- March: City authorized by the Polish king to mint Polish coins[7]
- June: City solemnly pledged allegiance to the King in Elbląg, recognizing the Teutonic annexation and rule as unlawful.[8]
- 1455 - Danzig law in effect (approximate date).
- 1465 - St. John's Church built.[3]
- 1481 - Artus Court rebuilt.[4]
- 1494 - Hall of the Brotherhood of St. George built.[4]
16th to 18th centuries
- 1502 - St. Mary's Church built.
- 1514 - Trinity Church built.[3]
- 1537 - Franz Rhode sets up printing press.
- 1558 - Academic Gymnasium established.
- 1561 - Main Town Hall tower built,[3] with a gilded statue of Polish King Sigismund II Augustus placed at its top.[9]
- 1568 - Green Gate built.
- 1569
- City becomes part of Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.
- Mennonite Church founded.
- 1575 - Danzig rebellion begins.
- 1577
- April 17: Battle of Lubieszow.
- Siege of Danzig by Stephen Báthory of Poland.
- 1588 - Highland Gate erected.[3]
- 1594 - Oliwa Cathedral consecrated.
- 1596 - Bibliotheca Senatus Gedanensis established.[10]
- 1605 - Arsenal built at the Coal Market Square.[3]
- 1606 - Der Lachs distillery in business.
- 1614 - Golden Gate built.
- 1627 - Battle of Oliwa during the Polish–Swedish War (1626–1629), won by Poland.
- 1633 - Neptune's Fountain installed at the Long Market.[4]
- 1640 - Jan Heweliusz established his astronomical observatory in the Old Town.
- 1655 - Deluge (Swedish invasion of Poland): Siege of Danzig (1655–1660) begins.
- 1660 - Treaty of Oliva signed.
- 1681 - Royal Chapel of the Polish King John III Sobieski built.
- 1709 - Bubonic plague.
Map of Danzig area, 1730
- 1734 - Siege of Danzig by Russians during the War of the Polish Succession.
- 1742
- Experimental Physics Society organized.
- Corn exchange opens in Artus Court.[4]
- 1756 - Abbot's Palace expanded.
- 1772 - After the First Partition of Poland the city became separated from the rest of Poland,[11] it remained a Polish exclave.
- 1793
- Second Partition of Poland - city annexed by Prussia.[11]
- Municipal Library established.[10]
- 1797 - Attempt of student uprising against Prussia, crushed quickly by the Prussian authorities.[12]
19th century
Siege by French forces in 1807
- 1807
- March 19-May 24: Siege of Danzig by French forces.[11]
- September 9: Free City of Danzig established by Napoleon.
- 1813 - January–December 29: Siege of Danzig by Russian and Prussian forces.
- 1814 - City becomes part of Prussia again.[11]
- 1815 - City becomes administrative capital of Danzig (region).
- 1832 - Handelsakademie established.[13]
- 1852 - Königliche Werft Danzig in business.
- 1871
- City becomes part of German Empire.
- Franciscan monastery building restored.[11]
- 1880 - Westpreussische Provinzial-Museum opens.[14]
- 1885 - Population: 114,805.[11]
- 1887 - Great Synagogue built.[15]
- 1896 - Old fortifications dismantled in north and west of city.[11]
- 1899 - Harbor built at Neufahrwasser.[11]
- 1900 - Main railway station opens.
Photochrome print from around 1900
20th century
1900–1945
- 1901
- 1903 - Fußball Club Danzig formed.
- 1904 - Königliche Technische Hochschule founded.
- 1905 - Population: 159,088.[11]
- 1918 - City becomes part of Weimar Germany.
- 1919 - Free City of Danzig created by Treaty of Versailles.
Aerial photo from circa 1920, showing St. Mary's Church
- 1920
- Polish Post Office and Sportverein Schutzpolizei Danzig established.
- Volkstag (parliament) becomes active.
- 1921 - Danziger Werft in business.
- 1922 - Gedania Danzig football club formed.
- 1927 - MOSiR Stadium built.
- 1937
- Mass Anti-Polish discrimination by Germans: employing Poles by German companies prohibited, already employed Poles fired.[17]
- October: Pogrom against Jews by the Germans.
- 1938, May 3: Over 100 German attacks on Polish homes on the day of the Polish 3 May Constitution Day.[17]
German battleship SMS Schleswig-Holstein firing at the Polish Military Transit Depot during the battle of Westerplatte in September 1939
- 1939
- March: Ban and mass requisition of Polish press.[17]
- September 1: Battle of the Danzig Bay; Defense of the Polish Post Office in Danzig.
- September 1–7: Battle of Westerplatte.
- October 5: The Germans executed 39 Polish defenders of the Polish Post Office in the present-day district of Zaspa.[18]
- October 8: City occupied by Nazi Germany; city becomes capital of Reichsgau Danzig-West Prussia.
- 1941 - Lufttwaffensportverein Danzig formed.
- 1945
- March 27–30: City taken by forces of Soviet Union.
- Gdańsk becomes part of Republic of Poland.
- City becomes capital of Gdańsk Voivodeship.
- Franciszek Kotus-Jankowski becomes mayor.
- Gdańsk Shipyard, Akademia Lekarska, Baltia Gdańsk (Lechia Gdańsk) and Polonia Gdańsk football clubs, Gdańsk Symphony Orchestra, and Academy of Fine Arts established.
1946–1990s
- 1946
- August 28: Execution of Danuta Siedzikówna and Feliks Selmanowicz, members of the Polish resistance movement in World War II and the anti-communist resistance movement, Polish national heroes, by the communists.[19][20]
- October 1: Gdańsk College of Education established.
- 1951 - Wybrzeże Gdańsk handball team established.
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Długi Targ and Main Town Hall in the 1950s
- 1952 - City becomes part of Polish People's Republic.
- 1953
- Baltic State Opera and Philharmonic formed.
- Stoczniowiec Gdańsk ice hockey team established.
- 1956 - Lechia Gdańsk rugby union team established.
- 1957 - Wybrzeże Gdańsk motorcycle speedway team established.
- 1960 - Lechia Gdańsk wins its first Polish rugby championship.
- 1962 - National Maritime Museum established.
- 1963 - Gdańsk hosts the 1963 World Fencing Championships.
- 1965 - Abbot's Palace rebuilt.
- 1966
- Wybrzeże Gdańsk wins its first Polish handball championship.
- Westerplatte Monument unveiled.
- 1970
- University of Gdańsk established.
- Gdańsk Power Station commissioned.
- Hala Olivia arena opens.
- 1972 - National Museum, Gdańsk established.
- 1974
- 1977 - Monument of Polish poet Maria Konopnicka unveiled.[22]
- 1979
- Museum of the Polish Post (Muzeum Poczty Polskiej) established at the site of the 1939 defence of the Polish Post Office.
- Defenders of the Polish Post Office Monument unveiled.
- 1980
- Summer: Shipbuilders strike.
- August 31: Solidarity (Polish trade union) founded; Gdańsk Agreement signed.
- Monument to the Fallen Shipyard Workers of 1970 unveiled.
- 1982 - August 31: Anti-government demonstration.
- 1985 - SS Soldek museum opens.
- 1989 - City becomes part of Republic of Poland.
Old Town with the Gdańsk Shipyard in the background in the 1990s
- 1991 - Franciszek Jamroż becomes mayor.
- 1993 - Gdańsk Shakespeare Days begin.
- 1994
- May: Gdańsk hosts the 1994 European Judo Championships.
- July: Tomasz Posadzki becomes mayor.
- 1996 - International Festival of Street & Open-Air Theatres begins (approximate date).[23]
- 1997 - Gdańsk hosts the 1997 European Fencing Championships.
- 1998
- Pawel Adamowicz becomes mayor.
- Laznia Centre for Contemporary Art founded.
- 1999
- Gdańsk becomes capital of Pomeranian Voivodeship.
- Solidarity Centre Foundation established.
21st century
- 2001
- Wybrzeże Gdańsk wins its tenth Polish handball championship.
- Third Millennium John Paul II Bridge opens.
- 2002
- The Monument Cemetery of the Lost Cemeteries installed.
- Lechia Gdańsk wins its tenth Polish rugby championship.
- 2004 - May 1: Poland becomes part of European Union.
- 2005 - Trefl Gdańsk volleyball team established.
- 2007
- Deepwater Container Terminal Gdańsk launched.
- Tricity Charter signed.
- 2009 - Gdańsk co-hosts the EuroBasket 2009.
- 2010
- Ergo Arena opens.
- Population: 455,830.
- 2011
- Baltic Arena opens.
- October: Gdańsk hosts the 2011 European Table Tennis Championships.
- 2012 - Gdańsk co-hosts the UEFA Euro 2012.
- 2013 - Gdańsk co-hosts the 2013 Men's European Volleyball Championship.
- 2014
- August: European Solidarity Centre opens.[24]
- September: Gdańsk co-hosts the 2014 FIVB Volleyball Men's World Championship.
- September: Gdańsk Shakespeare Theatre opens.[25]
- 2015 - August 30: Monument of Danuta Siedzikówna unveiled in the Orunia district.[20]
- 2016
- January: Gdańsk co-hosts the 2016 European Men's Handball Championship.
- August 28: State burial of Polish national heroes Danuta Siedzikówna and Feliks Selmanowicz in the 70th anniversary of their execution.[26]
- 2017 - Museum of the Second World War founded.
See also
- History of Gdańsk
- List of mayors of Danzig, 1308 to 1945
- List of mayors of Gdańsk, pre-1308 and post-1945
- List of Gdańsk aristocratic families
- Category:Timelines of cities in Poland (in Polish)
References
- Kazimierz Małkowski, Stanisław Podgórczyk, Przewodnik po Trójmieście: Gdańsk – Sopot – Gdynia. Wyd. drugie poprawione i uzupełnione, Gdańsk, Wydawnictwo Morskie, 1979, p. 146 (in Polish)
- Kodeks Dyplomatyczny Wielkopolski Vol. II, No. 726, 739
- "Dantsic", Northern Germany (5th ed.), Coblenz: Karl Baedeker, 1873, OCLC 5947482, OL 6935820M
- Baedeker 1910.
- Marian Biskup, Historia Gdańska t. I, p. 479–481 (in Polish)
- Karol Górski, Związek Pruski i poddanie się Prus Polsce: zbiór tekstów źródłowych, Instytut Zachodni, Poznań, 1949, p. 51, 56 (in Polish)
- Górski, p. 63
- Górski, p. 79-80
- "Ratusz Głównego Miasta". Muzeum Historyczne Miasta Gdańska (in Polish). Archived from the original on 14 March 2016.
- "Historia" (in Polish). Wojewódzka i Miejska Biblioteka Publiczna w Gdansku. Retrieved November 25, 2012.
- Britannica 1910.
- Edmund Cieślak, Czesław Biernat, Dzieje Gdańska, Wydawn. Morskie, 1969, p. 370 (in Polish)
- Friedrich Arnold Brockhaus (1865), "Danzig", Allgemeine Deutsche Real-Encyklopädie für die Gebildeten Stände (in German) (11th ed.), Leipzig: F.A. Brockhaus
- H. Conwentz (1905), Das Westpreussische Provinzial-Museum, 1880-1905 (in German), Danzig, OL 14002883M
- "Gdansk". Encyclopedia of Jews in Eastern Europe. Yivo Institute for Jewish Research. Archived from the original on December 2014.
- "Dzieje Archiwum Panstwowego w Gdansku" (in Polish). Archiwum Panstwowe w Gdansku. Archived from the original on October 8, 2011. Retrieved November 25, 2012.
- Maria Wardzyńska, Był rok 1939. Operacja niemieckiej policji bezpieczeństwa w Polsce. Intelligenzaktion, IPN, Warszawa, 2009, p. 42 (in Polish)
- Wardzyńska, p. 86
- Piotr Czartoryski-Sziler. "You have waited a long time, Poland". Retrieved 11 June 2020.
- "Inka Monument". Europe Remembers. Retrieved 11 June 2020.
- United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office (1976). "Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1975. New York. pp. 253–279.
- Marek Adamkowicz. "Gdańsk. Pomnik Marii Konopnickiej na razie zostanie na skwerze". Dziennik Bałtycki. Retrieved 11 June 2020.
- "FETA". Gdańsk. Archived from the original on November 14, 2011. Retrieved November 25, 2012.
- "W Gdańsku otwarto Europejskie Centrum Solidarności" (in Polish). Onet.pl. 31 August 2014. Archived from the original on 13 December 2015.
- Gentle, Peter (20 September 2014). "Bomb scare disrupts Gdansk Shakespeare theatre opening". thenews.pl. Polish Radio External Service.
- "Grave of Danuta Siedzikówna, alias 'Inka'". Liberation Route.com. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
- This article incorporates information from the Polish Wikipedia.
Bibliography
In English
- Thomas Bartlett (1841). "Dantzic". New Tablet of Memory; or, Chronicle of Remarkable Events. London: Thomas Kelly.
- "Danzig", Jewish Encyclopedia, 4, New York, 1907, hdl:2027/osu.32435029752912
- "Danzig", Northern Germany (15th ed.), Leipzig: Karl Baedeker, 1910, OCLC 78390379
- "Danzig", The Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.), New York, 1910, OCLC 14782424
- Szymon Askenazy (1921), Dantzig & Poland, London: G. Allen & Unwin, Ltd., OCLC 2181707, OL 6638482M
- "Historic Danzig: Last of the City-States", National Geographic Magazine, Washington DC, 76, 1939
- "Poland: Gdansk", Eastern and Central Europe (17th ed.), Fodor's, 1996, OL 7697674M
- George Lerski (1996). "Gdansk". Historical Dictionary of Poland, 966-1945. Greenwood. ISBN 978-0-313-03456-5.
- Piotr Wróbel (1998). "Gdansk". Historical Dictionary of Poland 1945-1996. Fitzroy Dearborn. ISBN 978-1-135-92694-6.
In other languages
- Johannes Bolte (1895), Das Danziger Theater im 16. und 17. Jahrhundert [Danzig Theatre in the 16th and 17th Centuries] (in German), Hamburg: L. Voss, OL 23292860M
- Max Foltz (1912), Geschichte des Danziger Stadthaushalts [History of the Danzig City Budget] (in German), Danzig: A.W. Kafemann, OCLC 12495569, OL 6557575M
- P. Krauss und E. Uetrecht, ed. (1913). "Danzig". Meyers Deutscher Städteatlas [Meyer's Atlas of German Cities] (in German). Leipzig: Bibliographisches Institut.
- Wolfgang Adam; Siegrid Westphal, eds. (2012). "Danzig". Handbuch kultureller Zentren der Frühen Neuzeit: Städte und Residenzen im alten deutschen Sprachraum (in German). De Gruyter. pp. 275+. ISBN 978-3-11-029555-9.
External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Gdańsk. |
- Links to fulltext city directories for Gdansk via Wikisource
- Europeana. Items related to Gdansk, various dates.
- Digital Public Library of America. Items related to Gdansk, various dates
- "Danzig Collection". New York: Jewish Museum. Archived from the original on 2013-04-15.
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