Supreme Council (Kyrgyzstan)

The Supreme Council (Kyrgyz: Жогорку Кеңеш, Joğorku Keñeş, جوعورقۇ كەڭەش, [dʒoʁorqu keŋeʃ]; Russian: Верховный Совет, Verkhovnyy Sovet) is the unicameral Parliament of the Kyrgyz Republic. It was known as the Supreme Soviet of the Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republic until 1991.

Supreme Council

Жогорку Кеңеш
Верховный Совет
7th Supreme Council
Type
Type
History
Founded
Leadership
Speaker
Dastan Jumabekov, Kyrgyzstan Party
since 25 October 2017
Prime Minister
Structure
Seats120
Political groups
Majority Coalition (77)
     Social Democratic Party (38)
     Kyrgyzstan Party (18)
     Ata-Meken (11)
     Onuguu–Progress (10)
Opposition (43)
     Respublika-Ata Jurt (28)
     Bir Bol (12)
     Independents (3)
Length of term
5 years
Elections
Party-list proportional representation
Last election
4 October 2015
Meeting place
Jogorku Kenesh Building, Bishkek
Website
www.kenesh.kg
Kyrgyz Republic
This article is part of a series on the
politics and government of
Kyrgyzstan

CIS Member State

Constitution

The parliament has 120 seats with members elected for a five-year term by party-list proportional voting.

History

During Soviet rule, it was known as the Supreme Soviet of the Kirghiz SSR.

From 1991, when Kyrgyzstan gained independence from the Soviet Union, until October 2007, when the Constitution was changed in a referendum, the Supreme Council consisted of the Legislative Assembly (Мыйзам Чыгаруу Жыйыны, Mıyzam Çıgaruu Jıyını, the upper house) and the Assembly of People's Representatives (Ел Окулдор Жыйыны, El Oquldor Jıyını, lower house) with 60 and 45 members, respectively. The members of both houses were elected to five-year terms. In the Assembly of People's Representatives all 45 members were elected in single-seat constituencies; in the Legislative Assembly 45 members were elected in single-seat constituencies and 15 were elected through party lists.

Since October 2007, the Supreme Council is a unicameral legislature. Originally it consisted of 90 members, however when in 2010 President Kurmanbek Bakiyev was ousted after riots, a new Constitution was adopted, that increased the number of members to 120. Parties are limited to 65 seats in order to prevent power concentration.

Electoral system

The 120 seats in the Supreme Council are elected by proportional representation in a single nationwide constituency. To win seats, parties must pass a national electoral threshold of 9% - up from 7 % before 2017[1] -, and receive at least 0.7% of the vote in each of the seven regions.[2] No party is allowed to hold more than 65 seats.[3] Party lists are required to have at least 30% of the candidates from each gender, and every fourth candidate had to be of a different gender. Each list is also required to have at least 15% of the candidates being from ethnic minorities and 15% of under 35 years old, as well as at least two candidates with disabilities.[3][4]

Speakers

The first legislature of Kyrgyzstan was Supreme Soviet until 1994.

Bicameral legislature was established in 1995, and replaced with unicameral legislature, Supreme Council, in 2005.[5]

Chairmen of the Assembly of People's Representatives of Kyrgyzstan was the presiding officer of one of the two chambers of the Supreme Council.[6]

Name Took office Left office
Almanbet Matubraimov 28 March 1995 26 November 1997
Abdıganı Erkebayev 26 November 1997 April 2000
Altay Borubayev 25 April 2000 24 March 2005
Muratbek Mukaşev 24 March 2005 25 March 2005

The Chairman of the Legislative Assembly of Kyrgyzstan was the presiding officer of one of the two chambers of the Supreme Council.[7]

Name Took office Left office
Mukar Cholponbayev 29 March 1995 15 November 1996
Usup Mukambayev 15 November 1996 14 April 2000
Abdıganı Erkebayev 15 April 2000 24 March 2005
İşenbay Kadırbekov 24 March 2005 25 March 2005

Chairmen of the Supreme Council since 2005.[8] Annual compensation of the chairman is 975 000 soms[9]

Main article: List of Chairmen of the Supreme Council of Kyrgyzstan
Name Took office Left office Notes
Omurbek Tekebaev 27 March 2005 27 February 2006 [10][11]
Marat Sultanov 2 March 2006 22 October 2007 [12][13]
Adahan Madumarov 24 December 2007 29 May 2008 [14][15]
Aytibay Tagaev 29 May 2008 17 December 2009 [16]
Zaynidin Kurmanov 24 December 2009 6 June 2010 [17]
Ahmatbek Keldibekov 17 December 2010 14 December 2011 [18][19]
Asılbek Jeenbekov 21 December 2011 13 April 2016 [20][21]
Çınıbay Tursunbekov 27 April 2016 25 October 2017 [22][23]
Dastan Jumabekov 25 October 2017 Incumbent [24]

Last elections
  • Kyrgyz parliamentary election, 2015
  • Kyrgyz parliamentary election, 2010
  • Kyrgyz parliamentary election, 2007

2005 parliamentary election
Main articles: Kyrgyz parliamentary elections, 2005 and Tulip Revolution

The 2005 Kyrgyz parliamentary elections were held in February and March 2005. More than 400 candidates ran for the new 75-member unicameral legislative assembly. There were two rounds of voting held on 27 February and 13 March. Six seats were won by opposition politicians. Most candidates were officially independent. International observers said the elections fell short of international standards for democratic elections in several important areas. Widespread protests over alleged rigging of the election by the government culminated in the Tulip Revolution on 24 March. Revolutionaries overthrew President Askar Akayev.

See also

References
  1. THE CONSTITUTIONAL LAW amended as of 23/04/2015
  2. Kyrgyz Republic: Election for Jorgorku Keneshg (Kyrgyz Supreme Council) IFES
  3. Electoral system IPU
  4. THE CONSTITUTIONAL LAW On Presidential and Jogorku Kenesh Elections in the Kyrgyz Republic
  5. https://iacis.ru/eng/parliaments/parlamenty_uchastniki/jogorku_kenesh_of_the_kyrgyz_republic
  6. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2010-02-09. Retrieved 2010-02-09.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  7. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2010-02-09. Retrieved 2010-02-09.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  8. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2010-02-09. Retrieved 2010-02-09.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  9. Sputnik. "Сколько потратил и заработал Атамбаев — опубликованы декларации первых лиц КР". ru.sputnik.kg.
  10. "Background on Ata Meken Party". Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. Retrieved 2017-12-17.
  11. ПОДОЛЬСКАЯ, Дарья (2017-10-25). "Как и почему уходили спикеры парламента Кыргызстана". 24.kg (in Russian). Retrieved 2017-12-17.
  12. "Kyrgyz Lawmakers Elect New Speaker". RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty. Retrieved 2017-12-17.
  13. "Does New Constitution Strengthen Democracy -- Or President?". RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty. Retrieved 2017-12-17.
  14. "Kyrgyzstan's Ruling Party Names Its Choice For Prime Minister". RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty. Retrieved 2017-12-17.
  15. ПОДОЛЬСКАЯ, Дарья (2017-10-25). "Как и почему уходили спикеры парламента Кыргызстана". 24.kg (in Russian). Retrieved 2017-12-17.
  16. "Айтибай Тагаев стал новым спикером киргизского парламента - ИА REGNUM". ИА REGNUM (in Russian). Retrieved 2017-12-17.
  17. ПОДОЛЬСКАЯ, Дарья (2017-10-25). "Как и почему уходили спикеры парламента Кыргызстана". 24.kg (in Russian). Retrieved 2017-12-17.
  18. ПОДОЛЬСКАЯ, Дарья (2017-10-25). "Как и почему уходили спикеры парламента Кыргызстана". 24.kg (in Russian). Retrieved 2017-12-17.
  19. "Ex-Speakers of Parliament of Kyrgyzstan". akipress.com. Retrieved 2017-12-17.
  20. ПОДОЛЬСКАЯ, Дарья (2017-10-25). "Как и почему уходили спикеры парламента Кыргызстана". 24.kg (in Russian). Retrieved 2017-12-17.
  21. "Asilbek Jeenbekov steps down as Parliament Speaker". akipress.com. Retrieved 2017-12-17.
  22. ПОДОЛЬСКАЯ, Дарья (2017-10-25). "Как и почему уходили спикеры парламента Кыргызстана". 24.kg (in Russian). Retrieved 2017-12-17.
  23. "Chynybai Tursunbekov steps down as Speaker of Parliament of Kyrgyzstan". akipress.com. Retrieved 2017-12-17.
  24. "Majority coalition backs candidacy of Dastan Jumabekov for Parliament Speaker". akipress.com. Retrieved 2017-12-17.
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