Soyuz TM-21

Soyuz TM-21 was a Soyuz mission, a human spaceflight mission transporting personnel to the Russian space station Mir. Part of the US/Russian Shuttle-Mir Program, the mission launched from Baikonur Cosmodrome, atop a Soyuz-U2 carrier rocket, at 06:11:34 UTC on March 14, 1995. It is of note because its launch marked the presence, for the first time ever, of thirteen humans in space simultaneously - three aboard the Soyuz, three aboard Mir and seven aboard Space Shuttle Endeavour, flying STS-67.

Soyuz TM-21
Spacecraft properties

Operator	Rosaviakosmos
COSPAR ID	1995-010A
SATCAT no.	23519
Mission duration	181 days, 41 minutes, 6 seconds
Orbits completed	~2,940


Spacecraft type	Soyuz-TM
Manufacturer	RKK Energia
Launch mass	7,170 kilograms (15,810 lb)


Crew
Crew size	3 up 2 down
Launching	Vladimir Dezhurov Gennady Strekalov Norman Thagard
Landing	Anatoly Solovyev Nikolai Budarin
Callsign	Урага́н (Uragan - Hurricane)


Start of mission
Launch date	March 14, 1995, 06:11:34 (1995-03-14UTC06:11:34Z) UTC
Rocket	Soyuz-U2


End of mission
Landing date	September 11, 1995, 06:52:40 (1995-09-11UTC06:52:41Z) UTC
Landing site	50.67°N 68.25°E / 50.67; 68.25


Orbital parameters
Reference system	Geocentric
Regime	Low Earth
Perigee altitude	200 kilometers (120 mi)
Apogee altitude	249.6 kilometers (155.1 mi)
Inclination	51.65 degrees
Period	88.7 minutes


Docking with Mir

From left to right: Norman Thagard, Vladimir Dezhurov, Gennady Strekalov Soyuz programme (Crewed missions)

The spacecraft carried expedition EO-18 to the space station, including the first American astronaut to launch on a Soyuz spacecraft and board Mir, Norman Thagard, for the American Thagard Increment aboard the station, the first Increment of the Shuttle-Mir program. The three crew members it launched were relieved by Space Shuttle Atlantis during STS-71, when they were replaced by expedition EO-19. The crew returned to earth aboard Soyuz TM-21 on September 11, 1995.

Crew


Position	Launching crew	Landing crew
Commander	Vladimir Dezhurov First spaceflight	Anatoly Solovyev Fourth spaceflight
Flight Engineer	Gennady Strekalov Fifth and last spaceflight	Nikolai Budarin First spaceflight
Research Cosmonaut	Norman Thagard Fifth and last spaceflight	None

Mission parameters

Mass: 7150 kg
Perigee: 201 km
Apogee: 247 km
Inclination: 51.65°
Period: 88.7 minutes
First Mir docking: March 16, 1995, 07:45:26 UTC
First Mir undocking: July 4, 1995, 10:55 UTC
Second Mir docking: July 4, 1995, 11:39 UTC
Second Mir undocking: September 11, 1995, 03:30:44 UTC

References

"Spaceflight mission report: Soyuz TM-21". Spacefacts.de. February 19, 2007. Retrieved 2007-04-09.
"Soyuz TM-21". Encyclopaedia Astronautica. March 12, 2001. Retrieved 2007-04-09.

Soyuz programme

Main topics

Past missions
(by spacecraft type)

Soyuz 7K-OK (1966–1970)	Kosmos 133† Soyuz 7K-OK No.1† (uncrewed) Kosmos 140 Soyuz 1† Kosmos 186 188 212 213 238 Soyuz 2 (uncrewed) 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Soyuz 7K-L1 (1967–1970) (Zond lunar programme)	Kosmos 146 154† Zond 1967A† 1967B† Zond 4 1968A† 1968B† 5 6 1969A† Zond-M 1† M 2† Zond 7 8 9 10
Soyuz 7K-L1E (1969–1970)	Soyuz 7K-L1E No.1† Kosmos 382
Soyuz 7K-LOK (1971–1972)	Soyuz 7K-LOK No.1† No.2†
Soyuz 7K-OKS (1971)	Soyuz 10† 11†
Soyuz 7K-T (1972–1981)	Kosmos 496 573 Soyuz 12 Kosmos 613 Soyuz 13 Kosmos 656 Soyuz 14 15† 17 18a† 18 20 (uncrewed) 21 23† 24 25† 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 (uncrewed landing) 33† 34 (uncrewed launch) 35 36 37 38 39 40
Soyuz 7K-TM (1974–1976)	Kosmos 638 672 Soyuz 16 19 (Apollo-Soyuz) 22
Soyuz 7K-S (1974–1976)	Kosmos 670 772† 869†
Soyuz-T (1978–1986)	Kosmos 1001† 1074 Soyuz T-1 (uncrewed) T-2 T-3 T-4 T-5 T-6 T-7 T-8† T-9 T-10a† T-10 T-11 T-12 T-13 T-14 T-15
Soyuz-TM (1986–2002)	Soyuz TM-1 (uncrewed) TM-2 TM-3 TM-4 TM-5 TM-6 TM-7 TM-8 TM-9 TM-10 TM-11 TM-12 TM-13 TM-14 TM-15 TM-16 TM-17 TM-18 TM-19 TM-20 TM-21 TM-22 TM-23 TM-24 TM-25 TM-26 TM-27 TM-28 TM-29 TM-30 TM-31 TM-32 TM-33 TM-34
Soyuz-TMA (2002–2012)	Soyuz TMA-1 TMA-2 TMA-3 TMA-4 TMA-5 TMA-6 TMA-7 TMA-8 TMA-9 TMA-10 TMA-11 TMA-12 TMA-13 TMA-14 TMA-15 TMA-16 TMA-17 TMA-18 TMA-19 TMA-20 TMA-21 TMA-22
Soyuz-TMA-M (2010–2016)	Soyuz TMA-01M TMA-02M TMA-03M TMA-04M TMA-05M TMA-06M TMA-07M TMA-08M TMA-09M TMA-10M TMA-11M TMA-12M TMA-13M TMA-14M TMA-15M TMA-16M TMA-17M TMA-18M TMA-19M TMA-20M
Soyuz MS (2016–present)	Soyuz MS-01 MS-02 MS-03 MS-04 MS-05 MS-06 MS-07 MS-08 MS-09 MS-10† MS-11 MS-12 MS-13 MS-14 (uncrewed test flight) MS-15

Current missions

Soyuz MS-16

Future missions

2020
- Soyuz MS-17
2021
- MS-18
- MS-19
- MS-20

Uncrewed missions are designated as Kosmos instead of Soyuz; exceptions are noted "(uncrewed)".
The † sign designates failed missions. Italics designates cancelled missions.

Human spaceflights to Mir
1986–1990	Soyuz T-15 Soyuz TM-2 Soyuz TM-3 Soyuz TM-4 Soyuz TM-5 Soyuz TM-6 Soyuz TM-7 Soyuz TM-8 Soyuz TM-9 Soyuz TM-10 Soyuz TM-11
1991–1995	Soyuz TM-12 Soyuz TM-13 Soyuz TM-14 Soyuz TM-15 Soyuz TM-16 Soyuz TM-17 Soyuz TM-18 Soyuz TM-19 Soyuz TM-20 STS-63 Soyuz TM-21 STS-71 Soyuz TM-22 STS-74
1996–2000	Soyuz TM-23 STS-76 Soyuz TM-24 STS-79 STS-81 Soyuz TM-25 STS-84 Soyuz TM-26 STS-86 STS-89 Soyuz TM-27 STS-91 Soyuz TM-28 Soyuz TM-29 Soyuz TM-30

Shuttle-Mir Program
Main articles	Shuttle-Mir Program Mir Space Shuttle
Missions	STS-60 STS-63 Soyuz TM-21 STS-71 STS-74 STS-76 STS-79 STS-81 STS-84 STS-86 STS-89 STS-91
Increments	Thagard Lucid Blaha Linenger Foale Wolf Thomas

← 1994 · Orbital launches in 1995 · 1996 →

Payloads are separated by bullets ( · ), launches by pipes ( | ). Crewed flights are indicated in bold text. Uncatalogued launch failures are listed in italics. Payloads deployed from other spacecraft are denoted in brackets.

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