Poly drug use

Poly drug use (or polysubstance use) refers to the use of combined psychoactive substances to achieve a particular effect. In many cases one drug is used as a base or primary drug, with additional drugs to leaven or compensate for the side effects of the primary drug and make the experience more enjoyable with drug synergy effects, or to supplement for primary drug when supply is low.[1]

Poly drug use
SpecialtyPsychiatry
Ayahuasca being prepared in the Napo region of Ecuador
Caffeinated alcoholic beverages are widespread and legal.

Combinations
Drug 1Drug 2Drug 3Poly drug name[2][3]Intoxication nameComment
Any drugBlack tar heroinWhoongaWidespread use in South Africa
Any drugCannabisAmp jointMarihuana cigarette laced with some form of narcotic
Any drugNicotineCoolerA cigarette laced with a drug
Any depressantAny stimulantOver and under
Any pharmaceuticalAny pharmaceuticalPolypharmacy. Pharming
AlcoholCaffeineCaffeinated alcoholic drink
AlcoholBenzodiazepineTime flip
AlcoholCannabisHerb and Al. Judgement DayCross fadingCalled Judgement Day in Ghana when cannabis is added to the drink
AlcoholCocaineSnow-coningMetabolized into a cocaethylene
AmphetamineCocaineSnow seals
AmphetamineXanaxOrange Dream BlossomCloud RushThe combination is crushed together and insufflated
Banisteriopsis caapiβ-Carbolines containing plants (eg Peganum harmala)Ayahuasca, changaAyahuasca is drinked. Changa is smoked or vaped.
BarbituratesAlcoholUsed to be common, when Barbiturates were more readily available
CaffeineCannabisHippie-speedballing
CaffeineMethamphetamineBiker's coffee. Kamikaze, ya ba
CannabisCocaine pasteBazooka
CannabisCrack-cocaineCrack weed (less known: champagne, chronic, cocktail, dirty joint, fry daddy, gimmie, gremmies, juice joint, lace, oolies, p dog, primo, splitting, thirty eight, turbo, wollie, yeola)Cocoa puffs
CannabisCrack-cocainePCPJim Jones
CannabisDXMNicotineCandy blunt
CannabisHeroinAtom bomb, stuff
CannabisHeroin or opiumA-bomb
CannabisOpiumBuddha
CannabisPCPKiller weed (less known: Bionic, clickums, donk, dust blunt, illies, illing, leak, love leaf, lovelies, parsley, wet, zoom)Wet is cannabis dipped in PCP
CannabisNicotineBlunt, joint, spliffStonedA rolled marijuana cigarette usually made with rolling paper. A blunt is a cigar hollowed out and filled with marijuana. It is rolled with the tobacco-leaf "wrapper" from an inexpensive cigar. Blunts take their name from Phillies Blunt brand cigars.
CocaineHeroinSnowball. Other names: Belushi, bombita, murder one, whiz bangSnowballing
CocaineHeroinLSDFrisco special
CocaineHeroinNicotineflamethrower, primosCigarette laced with cocaine and heroin
CocaineHeroin or morphinePowerball, speedballPowerballing, speedballingSpeedballing, powerballing is often used to describe intravenous use. The term can also be applied to use of pharmaceutical opioids, benzodiazepines or barbiturates along with stimulants.
CocaineKetamineCK1, Calvin Klein, cable
CocaineLSDCracid (or outer limits)Cracid is a portmanteau of cocaine and acid
CocaineMorphineC & M
CocainePCPSpace, whack
CodeineGlutethimidePancakes and syrupsCombination of glutethimide and codeine cough syrup
CodeinePromethazinePurple drank
Crack-cocaineFentanylDirty fentanyl, takeover
Crack-cocaineHeroinChocolate rock, dragon rock, eightball, moonrock, smoking gun, tar
Crack-cocaineLSDOuterlimits
Crack-cocaineMethamphetamineFire, twisters
Crack-cocainePCPNicotineOzonePCP and crack cigarette
Crack-cocainePCPMissile basing, P-funk, space basing, spaceball, space cadet, space dust, tragic magic
Crack-cocaineNicotineCoolie, crimmie, woolasA cigarette laced with crack
DMTMAOIsPharmahuasca
DXMLSDLSDXM
DXMPsilocybin or psilocybin mushroomCherry-bombing
FentanylHeroinBirria, chiva loca, FacebookFacebook is mixed in a pill form
GHBMethamphetamineCherry meth
HashishBelladonnaAlamout black hash[4]Mixed
HashishLSDRoyal temple ballThe hashish is mixed with LSD and rolled into a ball intended for oral use, because LSD cannot be smoked.
HashishOpiumBlack hash, black Russian
HeroinMethamphetamineGoofball
HeroinMorphineNew Jack swing
HeroinPCPAlien sex fiend
HeroinXylazineAnestesiade caballoXylazine is a horse anesthetic
LSDMarijuanaAmphetamineHippie heart attack
LSDNitrous oxideGasid
LSDKetamineDolphin flip
LSDPCPBlack acid
LSDPsilocybin or psilocybin mushroomGod's flesh
Psilocybin or psilocybin mushroomDMTTerence flip
LSD DMT Cosmo flip Cosmo flipping
MDMAAlcoholTipsy flipTipsy flipping
MDMACannabisStoner flipStoner flipping
MDMACocaineSugar flipSugar flipping
MDMACocaineLSDCandy-flip on a stringCandy-flipping on a string
MDMADMTShaman flip, time flipShaman flipping, time flipping
MDMADXMRobo flipRobo flipping
MDMAGHBGamma flipGamma flipping
MDMAKetamineKitty flipKitty flipping
MDMALSDCandy flipCandy flipping
MDMALSDPsilocybin or psilocybin mushroomJedi flip, twilight flipJedi flipping, twilight flipping
MDMAMescaline or psychoactive cactusLove flip, love tripLove flipping
MDMAMethadoneChocolate flipChocolate flipping
MDMAMethamphetamineTrailer flipTrailer flipping
MDMANitrous oxideNox
MDMAOpiatesPoppy flipPoppy flipping
MDMAPCPDomex, elephant flipElephant flipping
MDMAPsilocybin or psilocybin mushroomHippy flip, flower flip, ethno flipHippy flipping, flower flipping, ethno flipping
MDMASildenafilSextasy (or hammerheading)
NicotinePCPChipping

Dangerous interactions
Tripsit Drug Combination Chart new

Risks
Tranquillizers, sleeping pills, opiates and alcohol. Opioid-related deaths often involve alcohol.

Poly drug use often carries with it more risk than use of a single drug, due to an increase in side effects, and drug synergy. The potentiating effect of one drug on another is sometimes considerable and here the licit drugs and medicines – such as alcohol, nicotine and antidepressants – have to be considered in conjunction with the controlled psychoactive substances. The risk level will depend on the dosage level of both substances. If the drugs taken are illegal, they have a chance of being mixed (also known as "cutting") with other substances which dealers are reported to do to increase the perceived quantity when selling to others to increase their returns. This is particularly common with powdered drugs such as cocaine or MDMA which can be mixed with relative ease by adding another white powdery substance to the drug. This cumulative effect can lead to further unintended harm to health dependent on what is being covertly added. Concerns also exist about a number of pharmacological pairings: alcohol and cocaine increase cardiovascular toxicity; alcohol or depressant drugs, when taken with opioids, lead to an increased risk of overdose; and opioids or cocaine taken with ecstasy or amphetamines also result in additional acute toxicity.[5] Benzodiazepines can cause death when mixed with other CNS depressants such as opioids, alcohol, or barbiturates.[6][7][8]

A spoonful of promethazine/​codeine syrup showing the characteristic purple color that gave rise to the name purple drank.

Scheduling

Within the general concept of multiple drug use, several specific meanings of the term must be considered. At one extreme is planned use, where the effects of more than one drug are taken for a desired effect. Another type is when other drugs are used to counteract the negative side effects of a different drug (e.g. depressants are used to counteract anxiety and restlessness from taking stimulants). On the other hand, the use of several substances in an intensive and chaotic way, simultaneously or consecutively, in many cases each drug substituting for another according to availability.[5]

Research

The phenomenon is the subject of established academic literature.[9]

A study among treatment admissions found that it is more common for younger people to report polydrug drug use.[10]

See also

References
  1. http://www.emcdda.europa.eu/html.cfm/index34913EN.html
  2. Copping, Jasper (8 November 2009). "Drug slang: what police must learn A to B".
  3. https://ndews.umd.edu/sites/ndews.umd.edu/files/dea-drug-slang-terms-and-code-words-july2018.pdf
  4. https://erowid.org/psychoactives/slang/
  5. EMCDDA Annual Report 2006 ch. 8
  6. Serfaty M, Masterton G (1993). "Fatal poisonings attributed to benzodiazepines in Britain during the 1980s". Br J Psychiatry. 163 (3): 386–93. doi:10.1192/bjp.163.3.386. PMID 8104653.
  7. Buckley NA, Dawson AH, Whyte IM, O'Connell DL (1995). "[Relative toxicity of benzodiazepines in overdose.]". BMJ. 310 (6974): 219–21. doi:10.1136/bmj.310.6974.219. PMC 2548618. PMID 7866122.
  8. Drummer OH; Ranson DL (December 1996). "Sudden death and benzodiazepines". Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 17 (4): 336–42. doi:10.1097/00000433-199612000-00012. PMID 8947361.
  9. Scholey AB, Parrott AC, Buchanan T, Heffernan TM, Ling J, Rodgers J (June 2004). "Increased intensity of Ecstasy and polydrug usage in the more experienced recreational Ecstasy/MDMA users: a WWW study" (PDF). Addict Behav. 29 (4): 743–52. doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2004.02.022. PMID 15135556.
  10. "Polydrug Use Among Treatment Admissions: 1998." OAS Home: Alcohol, Tobacco & Drug Abuse and Mental Health Data from SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies. Web. 29 Sept. 2011.
Classification
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