Polerovirus

Polerovirus is a genus of viruses, in the family Luteoviridae. Plants serve as natural hosts. There are currently 26 species in this genus including the type species Potato leafroll virus. Diseases associated with this genus include: PLRV causes prominent rolling of the leaves of potato and a stiff upright habit of the plants; necrosis of the phloem and accumulation of carbohydrates in the leaves.[1][2]

Polerovirus
Virus classification
(unranked): Virus
Realm: Riboviria
Kingdom: Orthornavirae
Phylum: Kitrinoviricota
Class: Tolucaviricetes
Order: Tolivirales
Family: Luteoviridae
Genus: Polerovirus
Type species
Potato leafroll virus

Taxonomy

The following species are recognized:

  • Beet chlorosis virus
  • Beet mild yellowing virus
  • Beet western yellows virus
  • Carrot red leaf virus
  • Cereal yellow dwarf virus RPS
  • Cereal yellow dwarf virus RPV
  • Chickpea chlorotic stunt virus
  • Cotton leafroll dwarf virus
  • Cucurbit aphid-borne yellows virus
  • Faba bean polerovirus 1
  • Maize yellow dwarf virus RMV
  • Maize yellow mosaic virus
  • Melon aphid-borne yellows virus
  • Pepo aphid-borne mosaic virus
  • Pepper vein yellows virus 1
  • Pepper vein yellows virus 2
  • Pepper vein yellows virus 3
  • Pepper vein yellows virus 4
  • Pepper vein yellows virus 5
  • Pepper vein yellows virus 6
  • Potato leafroll virus, the type species
  • Pumpkin polerovirus
  • Suakwa aphid-borne yellows virus
  • Sugarcane yellow leaf virus
  • Tobacco vein distorting virus
  • Turnip yellows virus

Structure

Viruses in Polerovirus are non-enveloped, with icosahedral and Spherical geometries, and T=3 symmetry. The diameter is around 23 nm. Genomes are linear and non-segmented, around 5.3-5.7kb in length.[1]

GenusStructureSymmetryCapsidGenomic arrangementGenomic segmentation
PolerovirusIcosahedralT=3Non-envelopedLinearMonopartite

Life cycle

Viral replication is cytoplasmic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by penetration into the host cell. Replication follows the positive stranded RNA virus replication model. Positive stranded RNA virus transcription is the method of transcription. Translation takes place by leaky scanning, -1 ribosomal frameshifting, and suppression of termination. The virus exits the host cell by tubule-guided viral movement. Plants serve as the natural host. The virus is transmitted via a vector (plrv: myzus persicae). Transmission routes are vector and mechanical.[1]

GenusHost detailsTissue tropismEntry detailsRelease detailsReplication siteAssembly siteTransmission
PolerovirusPlantsPhloemViral movement; mechanical inoculationViral movementCytoplasmCytoplasmMechanical inoculation: aphids

References
  1. "Viral Zone". ExPASy. Retrieved 15 June 2015.
  2. ICTV. "Virus Taxonomy: 2014 Release". Retrieved 15 June 2015.
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