Clavaviridae

Clavaviridae is a family of double-stranded viruses that infect archaea. This family was first described by the team led by D. Prangishvili in 2010.[1] There is one genus in this family (Clavavirus). Within this genus, a single species has been described to date: Aeropyrum pernix bacilliform virus 1.[2]

Clavaviridae
Virus classification
(unranked): Virus
Realm: incertae sedis
Kingdom: incertae sedis
Phylum: incertae sedis
Class: incertae sedis
Order: incertae sedis
Family: Clavaviridae
Genera

The name is derived from the Latin word clava meaning stick.

Virology

The virons are bacilliform in shape and 143 nanometers (nm) in length and 15.8 nm in diameter.[1][3] One end is pointed and the other is rounded. The structure of the APBV1 virion has been solved by cryo-electron microscopy to near-atomic resolution, revealing how the helical particle is built from an alpha-helical major capsid protein with a unique structural fold.[3] Virions are highly thermostable and remain infectious after incubation at 100 °C for 3 h

The genome is a circular double-stranded DNA molecule of 5.3 kb. It does not integrate into the host genome. The genome contains 14 open reading frames, none of which share similarity with sequences in public databases.

Infection with this virus does not cause host cell lysis.

References
  1. Mochizuki T, Yoshida T, Tanaka R, Forterre P, Sako Y, Prangishvili D (2010). "Diversity of viruses of the hyperthermophilic archaeal genus Aeropyrum, and isolation of the Aeropyrum pernix bacilliform virus 1, APBV1, the first representative of the family Clavaviridae". Virology. 402 (2): 347–54. doi:10.1016/j.virol.2010.03.046. PMID 20430412.
  2. Prangishvili, David; Mochizuki, Tomohiro; Liu, Ying; Krupovic, Mart; ICTV Report Consortium (2019). "ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Clavaviridae". Journal of General Virology. doi:10.1099/jgv.0.001295. PMID 31271351.
  3. Ptchelkine, D; Gillum, A; Mochizuki, T; Lucas-Staat, S; Liu, Y; Krupovic, M; Phillips, SEV; Prangishvili, D; Huiskonen, JT (10 November 2017). "Unique architecture of thermophilic archaeal virus APBV1 and its genome packaging". Nature Communications. 8 (1): 1436. doi:10.1038/s41467-017-01668-0. PMC 5681674. PMID 29127347.


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