Outline of the Byzantine Empire

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to the Byzantine Empire:

See also: Index of Byzantine Empire-related articles

Byzantine Empire (or Byzantium) – the Constantinople-centred Roman Empire of the Middle Ages. It is also referred to as the Eastern Roman Empire, primarily in the context of Late Antiquity, while the Roman Empire was still administered with separate eastern and western political centres. In its own time, there was no such thing as "the Byzantine Empire," there was just the ongoing Roman Empire; "Byzantine Empire" is a scholarly term of convenience to differentiate the empire from its earlier existence during classical antiquity before the western half collapsed (see decline of the Roman Empire). Its citizens continued to refer to their empire as the Roman Empire (Greek: Βασιλεία Ῥωμαίων, Basileia Rhōmaiōn;[1] Latin: Imperium Romanum) or Romania (Ῥωμανία).[2] After the Western Roman Empire fragmented and collapsed in the 5th century, the eastern half continued to thrive, existing for an additional thousand years until it fell to the Ottoman Turks in 1453. During much of its existence, the empire was the most powerful economic, cultural, and military force in Europe.

The Eastern Roman Empire (purple) and its vassals (pink) in 555 AD during the reign of Justinian I. The vassals are the Kingdom of Lazica and the Abasgians (top), and the Ghassanids (east). This was the Byzantine Empire at its greatest extent.

Geography of the Byzantine Empire

Regions of the Byzantine Empire

Administrative divisions of the Byzantine Empire
Provinces of the Byzantine Empire
Themes of the Byzantine Empire
Cities of the Byzantine Empire

Affiliated polities

Demography of the Byzantine Empire

Government and politics of the Byzantine Empire

Political institutions of the Byzantine Empire

Political institutions of the Byzantine Empire

Byzantine law

Byzantine law

Military of the Byzantine Empire

Military of the Byzantine Empire

Byzantine armed forces

Military conflicts

General history of the Byzantine Empire

History of the Byzantine Empire

Military history of the Byzantine Empire

Byzantine historiography

Works on Byzantine history

Culture of the Byzantine Empire

Byzantine culture

Religion in the Byzantine Empire

Byzantine language

Byzantine economy

Byzantine education

Byzantine science and technology

See also

References
  1. Kazhdan & Epstein 1985, p. 1.
  2. Millar 2006, pp. 2, 15; James 2010, p. 5; Freeman 1999, pp. 431, 435–437, 459–462; Baynes & Moss 1948, p. xx; Ostrogorsky 1969, p. 27; Kaldellis 2007, pp. 2–3; Kazhdan & Constable 1982, p. 12; Norwich 1998, p. 383.
Byzantine studies, resources and bibliography
Miscellaneous
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